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A FACTOR that is becoming of increasing importance in the economic operation of airline services, and has long been recognized as a necessity in the military field, is the reduction of aircraft ‘turn‐round’ times to the minimum. Many examples may be quoted to illustrate the degree to which engineering ingenuity has been applied to this problem, for example in the use of airstairs to facilitate the rapid transfer of passengers and freight, pressure refuellers that can dispense fuel at the rate of 1000 galls./min., and the design of the aircraft to facilitate rapid servicing of the various systems. At the same time the advent of the high speed aircraft has introduced the penalty of high wing loadings and consequent high landing speeds, which in turn have resulted in the extension of runways and a continual search for ways of reducing the ground run of aircraft. The most common methods of braking aircraft during this ground run are by use of wheel brakes, reverse thrust and parachutes, or a combination. The evolution of the non‐skid brake has improved the performance of conventional wheel brakes but with the steady increase in aircraft weights and landing speeds the difficulty of dissipating the heat evolved presents the brake designer with another difficult problem.

This paper aims at the problem of attaching the data of doctors, patients and the real-time sensor data of the exoskeleton to the cloud in intelligent rehabilitation applications. This study designed the exoskeleton cloud-brain platform and validated its safety assessment.

According to the dimension of data and the transmission speed, this paper implements a three-layer cloud-brain platform of exoskeleton based on Alibaba Cloud's Lambda-like architecture. At the same time, given the human–machine safety status detection problem of the exoskeleton, this paper built a personalized machine-learning safety detection module for users with the multi-dimensional sensor data cloned by the cloud-brain platform. This module includes an abnormality detection model, prediction model and state classification model of the human–machine state.

These functions of the exoskeleton cloud-brain and the algorithms based on it were validated by the experiments, they meet the needs of use.

This thesis innovatively proposes a cloud-brain platform for exoskeletons, beginning the digitalization and intelligence of the exoskeletal rehabilitation process and laying the foundation for future intelligent assistance systems.

This paper focuses on the design of an inexpensive and accurate range scanner for automatic acquisition of a CAD model of a manufactured part by using two‐dimensional images to determine a digitized three‐dimensional shape. In the developed approach, the object is passed at a speed of 4 cm/s through a single linear laser stripe and forty continuous images are captured into the frame memory of the host computer for subsequent processing. A major problem that is encountered in the design of laser stripe scanner is the specula reflection, which can be mitigated by the developed approach. Six center‐locating algorithms are described, which are central to the developed approach. These algorithms are able to achieve sub‐pixel accuracy. The center of mass algorithm that uses three points, gives the best repeatability over the other algorithms. The center of mass algorithm that uses intensity threshold, provides the best linearity over the other algorithms.

As a short take-off and landing aircraft, FanWing has the capability of being driven under power a short distance from a parking space to the take-off area. The purpose of this paper is to design the take-off control system of FanWing and study the factors that influence the short take-off performance under control.

The force analysis of FanWing is studied in the take-off phase. Two take-off control methods are researched, and several factors that influence the short take-off performance are studied under control.

The elevator and fan wing control systems are designed. Although the vehicle load increases under the fan wing control, the fan wing control is not a recommended practice in the take-off phase for its sensitivity to the pitch angle command. The additional pitch-down moment has a significant influence on the control system and the short take-off performance that the barycenter variation of FanWing should be considered carefully.

The presented efforts provide a reference for the location of the center of gravity in designing FanWing. The traditional elevator control is more recommended than the fan wing control in the take-off phase.

This paper offers a valuable reference on the control system design of FanWing. It also proves that there is an additional pith-down moment that needs to be paid close attention to. Four factors that influence the short take-off performance are compared under control.

This paper aims to study the minimizing of energy consumption in air cooled-heat exchanger through a convenient control system. Thus, the performance of a given air cooler has been considered in different weather conditions for both ideal and non ideal operations.

The minimum number of fans in service has been calculated and used for the study and assessment of a proper controlling system with the purpose of energy saving in air coolers. On-Off controlling has been compared to variable speed drivers controlling to determine a feasible method for the process control of this cooling equipment.

Economical parameters show that installing variable speed drivers could be rational, as the payback period, the net present values of investment and the internal rate of return are completely persuading. The internal rate of return (IRR) for installation of variable speed driver (VSD) controls is 69 per cent. According to the results, there is a possibility of 0.45 and 0.33 MWh energy consumption reduction for VSD control under ideal and non-ideal conditions and consequently reduces annually 318 and 237 ton equivalent CO₂.

Air cooled heat exchangers are used as one of the energy consumption equipment in most plants, but before the emergence of serious problems, not enough attention was given to their operation.

A design study is carried out for an air cushion vehicle based on a specification giving it a performance comparable with cars of similar power and size, and compatible with current road conditions. Preliminary examination of requirements leads to the adoption of a plenum chamber lift system and ducted fan propulsion, powered by a single piston engine. Care is taken to provide the vehicle with the responsive and accurate control necessary on the road. Performance calculations are carried out, enabling it to be compared with wheeled road vehicles. It is found that its cruising speed and fuel economy are better than its wheeled counterpart, due to the low resistance to motion offered by the air cushion, while its turning performance is definitely inferior.

The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to reduce energy consumption in data centers. Subsequently, it reduces electricity bills and carbon dioxide footprints resulting from their use.

The authors present a mathematical model of the energy dissipation optimization problem. The authors formulate analytically the server selection problem and the supply air temperature as a non-linear programming, and propose an algorithm to solve it dynamically.

A simulation study on SimWare, using real workload traces, shows considerable savings for different data center sizes and utilization rates as compared to three other classic algorithms. The results prove that the proposed algorithm is efficient in handling the energy-performance trade-off, and that the proposed algorithm provides significant energy savings and maintains a relatively homogenous and stable thermal state at the different rack units in the data center.

The proposed algorithm ensures energy provisioning, performance optimization over existing state-of-the-art heuristics, and on-demand workload allocation.

This paper aims to propose a real-time evolutionary multi-objective semi-analytical inverse kinematics (IK) algorithm (EMSA-IK) for solving the multi-objective IK of redundant manipulators.

Within EMSA-IK, the parameterization method is applied to reduce the number of optimization variables of the evolutionary algorithm and calculate semi-analytical solutions that meet high target pose accuracy. The original evolutionary algorithm is improved with the proposed adaptive search sub-space strategy so that the improved evolutionary algorithm can be used to efficiently perform global search within the parametric joint space to obtain the global optimal parametric joint angles that satisfy multi-objective constraints.

Ablation experiments show the effectiveness of the improved strategy used for evolutionary algorithms. Comparative experiments on different manipulators demonstrate the advantages of EMSA-IK in terms of generalizability and balancing multiple objectives, for example, motion continuity, joint limits and obstacle avoidance. Real-world experiments further validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for real-time application.

The semi-analytical IK solution that simultaneously satisfies high target pose accuracy and multi-objective constraints can be obtained in real time. Compared to existing semi-analytical IK algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves obstacle avoidance for the first time. The proposed algorithm demonstrates superior generalizability, applicable to not only redundant manipulators with revolute joints but also those with prismatic joints.

Modern variable‐speed drive systems using frequency converters generate additional audible noise as a result of the voltages that are no longer sinusoidal. Using suitable measures, the purpose of this paper is to find an optimum for minimum noise radiation in the complete drive system.

The main areas to concentrate on to achieve an optimum are the source of excitation itself – the frequency converter, as well as the actual source of the noise, the motor. Optimization measures are drawn‐up using soundscaping with subsequent modal analysis of the actual state. The effectiveness of any changes made can be estimated using simulation techniques. This approach is confirmed by subsequently implementing the selected measures and verifying them by performing the appropriate measurements.

The paper takes care of the increasingly important field of converter‐fed drive systems and their special acoustical challenge. It shows a practical way to reduce audible noise combining measurements and simulations.

Combining the measurement of the acoustic camera with the simulation of modal shapes is a fast way for optimizing an inverter‐fed drive system.

Looks at the eighth published year of the ITCRR and the research, from far and near, involved in this. Muses on the fact that, though all the usual processes are to the fore, the downside part of the industry is garment making which is the least developed side. Posits that the manufacture of clothing needs to become more technologically advanced as does retailing. Closes by emphasising support for the community in all its efforts.