A discussion of US higher education at the time of the transition from an industrial to a knowledge‐based economy. This is the time when people need to be educated to cope with…
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A discussion of US higher education at the time of the transition from an industrial to a knowledge‐based economy. This is the time when people need to be educated to cope with not just one job for life but a series of different jobs demanding different skills and aptitudes. Universities and colleges have to gear up to meet this demand. One of the big challenges is having the necessary leadership within these institutions to effect the necessary changes.
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Anyone who has been a member of academia for any considerable length of time will resonate with de Bono and Machiavelli. Our universities do not usualloy befriend change and…
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Anyone who has been a member of academia for any considerable length of time will resonate with de Bono and Machiavelli. Our universities do not usualloy befriend change and innovation; in fact, these institutions usually ignore them.
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A discussion of the key differences between the Republican and the Democrat parties’ views on education at the time of Bush and Gore’s battle for the presidency. The paper bemoans…
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A discussion of the key differences between the Republican and the Democrat parties’ views on education at the time of Bush and Gore’s battle for the presidency. The paper bemoans the insidious effects politics can have on the focus and meaning of education in the US.
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Every paper needs a theme. Luckily, the venue defines the theme for me; how did the initial conditions at Stanford affect the development and diffusion of population ecology as a…
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Every paper needs a theme. Luckily, the venue defines the theme for me; how did the initial conditions at Stanford affect the development and diffusion of population ecology as a theoretical research program. I use the term theoretical research program reluctantly, especially considering the context of the department of sociology at Stanford University during the 1970s and 1980s (Lakatos & Musgrave, 1970). Nonetheless, I believe that population ecology can be usefully described as such. It is not a theory but rather a collection of theories developing over time with progressive problem shifts. There are methodological rules that define what paths of research to pursue and to avoid (Pfeffer, 1993, p. 613).
Casey L. Donoho, Michael J. Polonsky, Scott Roberts and David A. Cohen
Confirms the empirical test of Hunt and Vitell’s general theory of marketing ethics by Mayo and Marks across four cultures. Uses path analysis to show the core relationships of…
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Confirms the empirical test of Hunt and Vitell’s general theory of marketing ethics by Mayo and Marks across four cultures. Uses path analysis to show the core relationships of the general theory of marketing ethics were successfully replicated using over 1,500 students from seven universities in the USA, Canada, the Netherlands, and Australia. States that tomorrow’s managers appeared to use a more deontological approach to making ethical judgements about personal selling. Extends its original research by confirming the positive relationship between the probability and the desirability of consequences. Concludes that, although the model was originally intended to explain management ethical decision making, the study shows that it may be possible to generalize as to how individuals make ethical life decisions.
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Highlights the findings of a survey targeting UK and European wholesale and retail fruit buyers to discover factors which influence their adoption of apple and pear varieties. The…
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Highlights the findings of a survey targeting UK and European wholesale and retail fruit buyers to discover factors which influence their adoption of apple and pear varieties. The research, performed from the perspective of the New Zealand pipfruit industry, reflects the growing importance of new variety development for the ongoing competitiveness of the New Zealand pipfruit industry. The research identifies that adoption of new varieties requires a strong performance in traditional areas such as product quality and supply. The need for appropriate launch support provided by the suppliers is highlighted and also that adoption is likely to be facilitated by strong buyer/supplier relationships.
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Soma Chaudhuri, Preethi Krishnan and Mangala Subramaniam
Over the past few years, the electronic media, as represented by the internet version of print media and independent blogs of journalists, has become a major player in the…
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Over the past few years, the electronic media, as represented by the internet version of print media and independent blogs of journalists, has become a major player in the coverage of incidents related to violence against women. While this has brought forward issues of violence and specifically rape prominently into the public sphere, the media portrayal of women has often been as victims or victims who are somehow responsible for the violence against them. Such portrayal has been repeatedly challenged by feminists. Using data from 572 national and international English media reports for a six-month period (from December 2012 to April 2013) the coverage of the protests about the 2012 case of gang rape and eventual death of Jyoti Singh Pandey in India’s capital city, New Delhi, is examined in this chapter. Drawing from past research, three main frames are discerned in the portrayal of women in the reports: mainstreaming gender, endangered woman, and the ungendered woman. Media portrayals of these three frames by three broadly categorized actors most prominently covered by the media reports are analyzed: activists, state representatives or political actors, and ordinary citizens. The findings suggest that while some reports allude to women’s agency and rights particularly when they cover feminist activists, women’s agency is marginalized in the debates around safety and protection for women when other actors (such as state representatives or political actors, and ordinary citizens) are considered. Indian women’s rights have been reduced to passive messages negating the broader politics of the contemporary women’s movement.
Sina Aghaie, Omid Kamran-Disfani, Milad Darani and Mohammad Mike Saljoughian
The purpose of this study is to investigate how incumbent firms’ marketing deterrence strategies, price-cuts and quality improvement, influence potential entrants’ (PEs) entry…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate how incumbent firms’ marketing deterrence strategies, price-cuts and quality improvement, influence potential entrants’ (PEs) entry timing into incumbents’ markets and examine the moderating role of incumbents’ market-level resources and capabilities (R&Cs).
Design/methodology/approach
To test the hypotheses, an accelerated failure time model is applied to a rich data set of entry threats between 1997 and 2019 in the US airline industry.
Findings
The findings show that while quality improvements delay PEs’ entry, price-cuts expedite it. Furthermore, PEs are more likely to be deterred by price-cuts when incumbents possess high market-level R&Cs. However, such R&Cs do not moderate the link between incumbents’ quality improvement and PEs’ entry timing.
Research limitations/implications
Market entry in this research is conceptualized and defined as a large resource deployment into a market and operationalized as a binary variable. However, PEs might rather choose a minor resource deployment instead to establish a foothold in new markets. It would be fruitful for future research to examine various levels of participation in a new market and examine how the incumbents’ marketing deterrence strategies affect PEs’ entry timing. Doing so would provide us with a deeper understanding of the difference between actual/full market entry and micro/minor market entry.
Practical implications
This research examines the impact of incumbents’ marketing deterrence strategies in a contingency framework and highlights the crucial role of R&Cs in implementing such deterrence strategies. Doing so provides actionable insights to managers who craft strategies to protect their markets against PEs.
Originality/value
Previous research illustrates that incumbent firms commonly respond to competitors’ entry threats by cutting prices and improving quality. While antecedents of these deterrence strategies have been extensively investigated, the consequences have yet to be empirically examined.
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Stefanie Mauksch, Pascal Dey, Mike Rowe and Simon Teasdale
As a critical and intimate form of inquiry, ethnography remains close to lived realities and equips scholars with a unique methodological angle on social phenomena. This paper…
Abstract
Purpose
As a critical and intimate form of inquiry, ethnography remains close to lived realities and equips scholars with a unique methodological angle on social phenomena. This paper aims to explore the potential gains from an increased use of ethnography in social enterprise studies.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors develop the argument through a set of dualistic themes, namely, the socio-economic dichotomy and the discourse/practice divide as predominant critical lenses through which social enterprise is currently examined, and suggest shifts from visible leaders to invisible collectives and from case study-based monologues to dialogic ethnography.
Findings
Ethnography sheds new light on at least four neglected aspects. Studying social enterprises ethnographically complicates simple reductions to socio-economic tensions, by enriching the set of differences through which practitioners make sense of their work-world. Ethnography provides a tool for unravelling how practitioners engage with discourse(s) of power, thus marking the concrete results of intervention (to some degree at least) as unplannable, and yet effective. Ethnographic examples signal the merits of moving beyond leaders towards more collective representations and in-depth accounts of (self-)development. Reflexive ethnographies demonstrate the heuristic value of accepting the self as an inevitable part of research and exemplify insights won through a thoroughly bodily and emotional commitment to sharing the life world of others.
Originality/value
The present volume collects original ethnographic research of social enterprises. The editorial develops the first consistent account of the merits of studying social enterprises ethnographically.
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Nancy Chen, Mike Chen-ho Chao, Henry Xie and Dean Tjosvold
Scholarly research provides few insights into how integrating the western values of individualism and low power distance with the eastern values of collectivism and high power…
Abstract
Purpose
Scholarly research provides few insights into how integrating the western values of individualism and low power distance with the eastern values of collectivism and high power distance may influence cross-cultural conflict management. Following the framework of the theory of cooperation and competition, the purpose of this paper is to directly examine the impacts of organization-level collectivism and individualism, as well as high and low power distance, to determine the interactive effects of these four factors on cross-cultural conflict management.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a 2×2 experiment study. Data were collected from a US laboratory experiment with 80 participants.
Findings
American managers working in a company embracing western low power distance and eastern collectivism values were able to manage conflict cooperatively with their Chinese workers. Moreover, American managers working in a company valuing collectivism developed more trust with Chinese workers, and those in a company culture with high power distance were more interested in their workers’ viewpoints and more able to reach integrated solutions.
Originality/value
This study is an interdisciplinary research applying the social psychology field’s theory of cooperation and competition to the research on employee-manager, cross-cultural conflict management (which are industrial relations and organizational behavior topics, respectively), with an eye to the role of cultural adaptation. Furthermore, this study included an experiment to directly investigate the interactions between American managers and Chinese workers discussing work distribution conflict in four different organizational cultures.