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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1992

Michel Robert

The buzz phrase heard most frequently throughout the corporate world is “strategic alliance.” Every management guru is espousing the need to form strategic alliances to survive…

479

Abstract

The buzz phrase heard most frequently throughout the corporate world is “strategic alliance.” Every management guru is espousing the need to form strategic alliances to survive and prosper in the future. The concept is simple enough—if you can't fight them, join them. It's easier to form an alliance with a competitor than to fight that competitor.

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Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0275-6668

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Book part
Publication date: 2 December 2013

David Norman Smith

The aim of this chapter is to argue that charisma is a collective representation, and that charismatic authority is a social status that derives more from the “recognition” of the…

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this chapter is to argue that charisma is a collective representation, and that charismatic authority is a social status that derives more from the “recognition” of the followers than from the “magnetism” of the leaders. I contend further that a close reading of Max Weber shows that he, too, saw charisma in this light.

Approach

I develop my argument by a close reading of many of the most relevant texts on the subject. This includes not only the renowned texts on this subject by Max Weber, but also many books and articles that interpret or criticize Weber’s views.

Findings

I pay exceptionally close attention to key arguments and texts, several of which have been overlooked in the past.

Implications

Writers for whom charisma is personal magnetism tend to assume that charismatic rule is natural and that the full realization of democratic norms is unlikely. Authority, in this view, emanates from rulers unbound by popular constraint. I argue that, in fact, authority draws both its mandate and its energy from the public, and that rulers depend on the loyalty of their subjects, which is never assured. So charismatic claimants are dependent on popular choice, not vice versa.

Originality

I advocate a “culturalist” interpretation of Weber, which runs counter to the dominant “personalist” account. Conventional interpreters, under the sway of theology or mass psychology, misread Weber as a romantic, for whom charisma is primal and undemocratic rule is destiny. This essay offers a counter-reading.

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Social Theories of History and Histories of Social Theory
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78350-219-6

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Publication date: 28 March 2015

Martin Krygier

This paper seeks to identify in Philip Selznick’s earliest predominantly organizational writings the germs of a strong and unifying temper – or better perhaps, because the concept…

Abstract

This paper seeks to identify in Philip Selznick’s earliest predominantly organizational writings the germs of a strong and unifying temper – or better perhaps, because the concept plays a significant role in the works, a coherent intellectual and moral character. It infuses Selznick’s work in all the domains he entered. It was evident in his earliest political writings and contributions to organization theory, and remained so in his later contributions to the sociology of law and social and public philosophy.

At one level each of his works had a different subject, at another they all were pondered within a common frame of concerns, intellectual and moral, and approached with a distinctive manner and tone. At a general level, this involved a conception of social science as a “humanist science,” the central concern of which was the fate of values in the world. His specific posture in relation to this subject was underpinned by a commitment to moral realism, or what I call “Hobbesian idealism.”

Selznick began, like Thomas Hobbes as a threat expert, and never lost regard for that expertise. He is alert to fragility, vulnerability, and the need to guard against them. Moreover, his normative reflections are sustained and deepened by his understanding of social processes in general, and of the dangers to which organizations and institutions, but also human personalities and groups, are susceptible. He has a lot to tell us about ways in which those dangers might be avoided. However, Selznick resists stopping where Hobbes stops. Though he stresses the presence and resilience of evil and the need for strenuous efforts to contain it, he holds out for more. Indeed, though recognizing danger might be the beginning of wisdom, it is only half – over time less than half – of the story.

He emphasized the importance of attending both to Hobbesian insights and idealistic ambitions in relation to organizational leadership, to law, to justice, to human achievement of all kinds. To see him, as the earliest critics of his organizational theory did, as a voice of unadulterated melancholy, or as his later ones tended to, as altogether too programmatically sunny and full of hope, is to miss the real core of the intellectual and moral sensibility that pervaded his life of scholarship in the social sciences. The paper concludes by commending this uncommon sensibility, both at the general level of advocacy of “humanist science” and in its specific “Hobbesian idealist” posture.

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Institutions and Ideals: Philip Selznick’s Legacy for Organizational Studies
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-726-0

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Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 31 December 2004

Michael S. Bomba and Robert Harrison

East Asia's emergence as the forthcoming center of global manufacturing is leading nations in the region to reconsider their current and future role in the world economy. For its…

176

Abstract

East Asia's emergence as the forthcoming center of global manufacturing is leading nations in the region to reconsider their current and future role in the world economy. For its part, the Republic of Korea is pursuing a strategy to transform the country into the business hub of Northeast Asia. A central aspect in this strategy is the development of a regional “Pentaport” in the city of lncheon, which will consist of five components: an airport, a seaport, a business port, a technoport, and a leisure port. Hopefully, the Port of lncheon will be able to specialize in moving both coastal cargoes and transshipment cargoes to and from China and Japan using Short Sea Shipping (SSS). The first section of this paper provides an analysis of recent trade patterns between the Asian countries of the Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) agreement and the United States, with an emphasis on the Republic of Korea. The second part of the paper discusses current intermodal coastal shipping practices in the United States along the Gulf of Mexico and offers suggestions to the developers of Korea s Pentaport initiative; based upon observations in the United States, to maximize the likelihood of their success.

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Journal of International Logistics and Trade, vol. 2 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1738-2122

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Book part
Publication date: 8 September 2022

Stephen Turner

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

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Mad Hazard
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-670-7

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1993

Michel Robert

Corporate America has never been as engrossed in the techniques and formulas of competitive analysis and strategy as it has been over the last 10 to 15 years. At the same time…

301

Abstract

Corporate America has never been as engrossed in the techniques and formulas of competitive analysis and strategy as it has been over the last 10 to 15 years. At the same time that U.S. firms were losing large parcels of strategic ground to Japanese and German companies, prominent organizations and individuals throughout American business were busy lining up behind a number of popular business theories, most notably:

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Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0275-6668

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1991

Michel M. Robert

Over the course of the last few years, one has frequently heard the statement: “It's easy to develop a strategy, it's the implementation that's difficult.” This article discusses…

172

Abstract

Over the course of the last few years, one has frequently heard the statement: “It's easy to develop a strategy, it's the implementation that's difficult.” This article discusses several reasons why many CEOs may feel this way.

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Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0275-6668

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Book part
Publication date: 28 November 2024

Rebecca Jean Emigh and Dylan Riley

In this chapter, we review the historical development of elite theory, and then we propose a way forward beyond it. Elite theory emerged as a critique of democracy in the late…

Abstract

In this chapter, we review the historical development of elite theory, and then we propose a way forward beyond it. Elite theory emerged as a critique of democracy in the late 19th century. Although it used historical materials illustratively, it tended to be ahistorical theoretically because its primary aim was to demonstrate the perdurance of elites even in conditions of mass suffrage. Lachmann was the first scholar to develop elite theory as a truly historical and explanatory framework by combining it with elements of Marxism. Even Lachmann's theory, however, remained inadequate because it did not rest on a fully articulated theory of power. In this introduction, we suggest a “relational power theory” as a remedy to this situation, and we use it to formulate a general heuristic for the study of elites, nonelites, and their interrelationships. To illustrate its utility, we show how it can illuminate the chapters in this volume (though they were not necessarily written for these purposes).

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Elites, Nonelites, and Power
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-583-9

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2003

Daniel J. O'Neil

This article is modeled after Robert Michels' classic study of European social democracy. It attempts to ascertain the possibility of evolving and implementing, independent of…

637

Abstract

This article is modeled after Robert Michels' classic study of European social democracy. It attempts to ascertain the possibility of evolving and implementing, independent of government sponsorship, an integrative social economics. The study focuses on the largest American denomination, American Catholicism, which possesses a hierarchical structure and sophisticated techniques of communication and mobilization. It examines a representative sample of Catholic publications dividing them into three ideological categories – Augustinian, Thomist, and Liberationist – and it scrutinizes these in terms of orientation on a variety of social economic issues. The paper concludes pessimistically about the improbability of evolving and implementing an integrative social economics.

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International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 30 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1993

Michel Robert

The best way to neutralize a competitor's strategic heart‐beat, said the great General George Smith Patton, is to change the rules of play.

176

Abstract

The best way to neutralize a competitor's strategic heart‐beat, said the great General George Smith Patton, is to change the rules of play.

Details

Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0275-6668

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