Michael F. Zeldin and Carlo V. di Florio
Money is the lifeblood of all domestic and international organised crime groups regardless of whether the criminal activity giving rise to the proceeds is drug trafficking, arms…
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Money is the lifeblood of all domestic and international organised crime groups regardless of whether the criminal activity giving rise to the proceeds is drug trafficking, arms smuggling, terrorism or white‐collar crime. The flow of criminally tainted money through the international banking and trading system is what sustains these criminal activities. Systemically, however, money laundering harms every legitimate business transaction that it touches. On a macroeconomic level, policy makers have emphasised that it impedes international trade and finance to such an extent as to present a serious threat to the world economy. On a microeconomic level, it can damage an institution's good reputation, the public's confidence, revenues and employee morale. This is why the world has attached heightened significance to the money‐laundering problem.
Money laundering is defined as the process by which illicit money is made to appear licit. It is an essential element of any cash generating criminal venture. The manner in which…
Abstract
Money laundering is defined as the process by which illicit money is made to appear licit. It is an essential element of any cash generating criminal venture. The manner in which money is laundered is limited only by the breadth of the imagination of the launderer. The focus of this paper will be to provide an overview of the issues surrounding money‐laundering enforcement; outline new schemes in use to launder illicit proceeds; detail the elements of an effective anti money‐laundering compliance programme and list the geographic hot spots where money‐laundering risks are the most extreme.
A unifying theme apparent at this year's Symposium was the need for balance when lifting the veil of bank secrecy: (1) the need to protect civil liberties versus the need to fight…
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A unifying theme apparent at this year's Symposium was the need for balance when lifting the veil of bank secrecy: (1) the need to protect civil liberties versus the need to fight crime; (2) the bank's need to balance its role as policeman while furthering its commercial objectives; (3) the necessity of weighing international cooperation against the awareness that individual nations jealously guard their own legislative regime; (4) the dichotomy of technology that serves both to protect and penetrate secrecy; (5) the balance required when investigating crimes.
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The purpose of this paper is to consider the role of student voice in secondary school reform.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider the role of student voice in secondary school reform.
Design/methodology/approach
Through a literature review, it defines the concept of student voice within bodies of research on youth participation internationally.
Findings
It notes the ways the USA is distinct and lagging behind. It then looks at the broadening scope of ways that young people have become involved in change efforts. It considers ways that student voice can deepen implementation efforts and strengthen classroom practice. It breaks this discussion into: outcomes for classroom instruction, organizational change, and the relationship between student voice and power. The paper ends with a discussion of the importance of attending to issues of power in youth–adult relationships, including ways to avoid the co-optation of young people.
Originality/value
This paper reviews the most recent work showing how student voice can impact change, with a particular focus when possible on urban secondary schools to fit with this special issue. It updates a previous review of the field conducted ten years ago (Mitra, 2006). Before beginning this review, however, it is important to understand how student voice varies across global contexts.
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The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of both work and non-work domain contextual factors (family support, workplace social support, mentoring support, networking and…
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Purpose
The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of both work and non-work domain contextual factors (family support, workplace social support, mentoring support, networking and visible assignment) on the general self-efficacy (GSE) of women leaders in India. Also, we tried to explore whether GSE is connected to women leaders' career aspirations.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a survey-based study where data was collected and analysed from 145 women leaders working in a large public sector organisation in India.
Findings
Results suggest that except for workplace social support, all other factors have a significant positive impact on the GSE of women leaders. GSE is also significantly associated with women leaders' career aspirations.
Originality/value
Uniqueness of the article is that we have empirically tested the enablers and deterrents of women leadership in the GSE context, taking note of both work and non-work domains of women leaders. The implications of the results for women's leadership development have been detailed.
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George J. Moscarino and Michael R. Shumaker
This decree by the Nazi Government in 1933 is probably the single most important event leading to the advent of bank secrecy laws as we know them today. This criminal provision…
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This decree by the Nazi Government in 1933 is probably the single most important event leading to the advent of bank secrecy laws as we know them today. This criminal provision was enacted to halt the German Jews' movement of assets out of Germany and into Swiss banks — a movement that was occasioned by the Government's attempt to seize the Jews' assets. Swiss banks were chosen because of their geographic proximity, but more so because of Switzerland's then unofficial policy of confidentiality over banking deposits and transactions.
In 1984 the world was running a current account deficit with itself of US$100bn. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation…
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In 1984 the world was running a current account deficit with itself of US$100bn. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), and the US Federal Reserve have all confirmed this observation. Given that world trade forms a closed system, the question arises of what caused the indicators that measure this trade to become so inaccurate. The observation that in the early 1980s the narcotics trade surpassed the petroleum industry to become the world's largest business activity by gross turnover provides a partial answer. Noting that the growth in the narcotics trade is merely one aspect of the unprecedented growth in organised crime and the illegal economy over the last two decades leads to a more complete answer. The implication is that criminal economic activity, which by its nature seeks to evade capture in statistics, accounts for a significant portion of global economic activity missed by standard accounting practices.