The legal framework for extending innovation beyond the corporate boundary is the Strategic Alliance (or partnership) Agreement. Before entering into any type of alliance…
Abstract
The legal framework for extending innovation beyond the corporate boundary is the Strategic Alliance (or partnership) Agreement. Before entering into any type of alliance involving a joint development arrangement, every company whose core assets are comprised of intellectual property should conduct an internal Intellectual Property Audit. Make certain what you own (or control through licenses) it may be more or less than you think. The second phase of the Intellectual Property Audit is to make sure your Intellectual Property Assets are protected. Begin drafting the Alliance Agreement by articulating the goals of the alliance as specifically as possible. Define the product to be developed or area to be explored in detail. The Alliance Agreement should define the what technology is proprietary to each party. Determine in advance who collects the money, how is the money split, and who does the accounting. Each party should be individually responsible for the cost of defending any claims of infringement. Options can be tied to the development and testing milestones that allow you to get out of the deal entirely or reduce it from an exclusive to a non‐exclusive arrangement.
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MICHAEL K. JUDIESCH, FRANK L. SCHMIDT and MICHAEL K. MOUNT
Recently, we (Judiesch, Schmidt, & Mount, 1992) concluded that the Schmidt et al. (1979) SDy estimation procedure results in downwardly biased estimates of utility. This…
Abstract
Recently, we (Judiesch, Schmidt, & Mount, 1992) concluded that the Schmidt et al. (1979) SDy estimation procedure results in downwardly biased estimates of utility. This conclusion led us to propose a modification of the Schmidt et al. method that involves estimating SDy as the product of estimates of the coefficient of variation (SDy/ Y) and an objective estimate of the average value of employee output (Y). The present article reviews the rationale underlying our conclusion that this modification of the Schmidt et al. method of estimating SDy results in more accurate estimates of SDy, and hence, utility.
Michael D. Smith, Ran Niboshi, Christopher Samuell and Simon F.N. Timms
Drawing primarily on the Japanese context, this study aims to highlight this setting to emphasise the potential for tertiary-level self-access language centres to develop lifelong…
Abstract
Purpose
Drawing primarily on the Japanese context, this study aims to highlight this setting to emphasise the potential for tertiary-level self-access language centres to develop lifelong global citizenship, self-reflection and cross-cultural collaboration.
Design/methodology/approach
This inquiry calls on the community of practice approach to account for the shared interests motivating lifelong cross-cultural participation, the quality of social engagement between actors, and the material and cognitive tools called upon to realise global citizenship’s shared enterprise.
Findings
As argued here, embracing various cultures and inclusive participation can lead to a broader understanding of global citizenship, avoiding narrow-minded views of globalism through shared knowledge and critical practices. Further, self-access provides a cost-effective, technology-mediated alternative to bilateral student mobility, whereby digital community-building occasions cross-cultural practice that may be extended throughout a learner’s life, irrespective of their financial status or place of study.
Originality/value
This study is one of a select few drawing on the community of practice framework within the context of lifelong global citizenship. Nevertheless, such an approach remains primed for future development. With a social constructivist philosophy in view, the authors suggest complementary qualitative research approaches that highlight the socially situated nature of both disciplines.
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The Bureau of Economics in the Federal Trade Commission has a three-part role in the Agency and the strength of its functions changed over time depending on the preferences and…
Abstract
The Bureau of Economics in the Federal Trade Commission has a three-part role in the Agency and the strength of its functions changed over time depending on the preferences and ideology of the FTC’s leaders, developments in the field of economics, and the tenor of the times. The over-riding current role is to provide well considered, unbiased economic advice regarding antitrust and consumer protection law enforcement cases to the legal staff and the Commission. The second role, which long ago was primary, is to provide reports on investigations of various industries to the public and public officials. This role was more recently called research or “policy R&D”. A third role is to advocate for competition and markets both domestically and internationally. As a practical matter, the provision of economic advice to the FTC and to the legal staff has required that the economists wear “two hats,” helping the legal staff investigate cases and provide evidence to support law enforcement cases while also providing advice to the legal bureaus and to the Commission on which cases to pursue (thus providing “a second set of eyes” to evaluate cases). There is sometimes a tension in those functions because building a case is not the same as evaluating a case. Economists and the Bureau of Economics have provided such services to the FTC for over 100 years proving that a sub-organization can survive while playing roles that sometimes conflict. Such a life is not, however, always easy or fun.
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Ren Hong, Wang Peng, Cai Weiguang, Li Dandan, Du Yongjie, Sun Junqiao and Daniel Abramson
Visitor center plays an important role in the normal operation and sustainable development of scenic spots, especially as a portal image of its management. This paper presents…
Abstract
Visitor center plays an important role in the normal operation and sustainable development of scenic spots, especially as a portal image of its management. This paper presents resilience theory for visitor centers to identify some common issues in designing visitor centers in China scenic spots, including the lack of function, loss of architectural characteristics, and difficultly in adapting to changes in the number of visitors with periodic variations. The framework of resilience theory was set from four dimensions, namely, resilience and match in the composition of ontology function, the extended function, integration of buildings into the surrounding environment, and alternative construction technologies and materials. This theory was explained and analyzed with the application of the theory in practice in combination with the design of Mount Hua visitor center. Results showed that resilience theory yields good application effect.
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Mohammed A. Alam, Michael H. Azarian, Michael Osterman and Michael Pecht
The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical approach to find the reduction in the required number of surface mount capacitors by the use of embedded capacitors in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical approach to find the reduction in the required number of surface mount capacitors by the use of embedded capacitors in decoupling applications.
Design/methodology/approach
The analytical model used to perform decoupling is cavity model from theory of microstrip antenna and N‐port impedance matrix. The methodology involves addition of decoupling capacitors between the power and the ground plane such that the impedance between ports on the power‐ground plane becomes lower than the target impedance at that frequency. A case study is presented in which a 0.3 m×0.3 m power‐ground plane is decoupled by using various combinations of surface mount capacitors and embedded capacitors in the frequency range of 0.001‐1 GHz and at a target impedance of 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 Ω. The total number of surface mount capacitors are compared in each case.
Findings
Use of embedded planar capacitors with a thin dielectric (about 8 mm) dampened board resonances at high frequency, as compared to a thick dielectric. Embedded capacitors are found to reduce the number of surface mount capacitors when the target impedance is low and the operating frequency is high.
Research limitations/implications
The methodology discusses in this paper is applicable to a simplified power‐ground plane (which has no cut‐outs and is rectangular in shape) as compared to actual digital circuits.
Originality/value
This methodology can be used as a quick preliminary tool to evaluate the decrease in the number of surface mount capacitors (by the use of embedded capacitors) as compared to complex and time consuming electromagnetic solvers.