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This study aims to thoroughly explore and visualize the trends and developments of digital twin (DT) literature in the construction field while revealing future research directions for further exploration and exploitation.

The research follows a three-stage methodology. First, the bibliographic data is acquired using the Web of Science database. Second, the bibliometric methods are defined to include co-authorship analysis, citation analysis, keywords co-occurrence, thematic mapping while the software tools include MS Excel, VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. Third, analysis and findings include yearly DT publication output, influential DT publications, leading DT contributors, top DT sources and science mapping of DT literature.

This study identifies top-cited DT publications (35 out of 320) in terms of citations score, local citations score and document average citations per year. Furthermore, the key contributors with respect to authors (58 out of 1147), organizations (55 out of 427) and countries (19 out of 51) are recognized in terms of productivity, influence, activeness and scientific value. Similarly, the major publishing sources (24 out of 58) are identified using the same measures. Regarding science mapping, the DT domain comprises four research frontiers, namely, deep learning and smart city, internet of things and blockchain, DT and building information modeling and machine learning and asset management.

Through a mixed-review strategy, this study introduces a comprehensive analysis of DT literature while avoiding the subjectivity/cognitive bias of traditional review approaches. Moreover, it illuminates the promising and rising DT themes for new/seasoned researchers, institutions, editorial boards and funding agencies.

This study aims to understand better the student awareness and knowledge on how the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are used in higher education institutions (HEIs) to motivate students’ learning on sustainability. It is essential to consider students’ understanding of sustainability at the end of their studies to assess whether they feel prepared to apply sustainability in their daily work life.

The study has a quantitative case study design, and the specific method used is an online survey with masters’ students using the university student platform EvaSys. The study assesses approaching how students perceive the overall education integrating sustainability into programs and curricula.

The results showed that work-integrated learning (WIL) projects learning and real-life experiences as part of their studies enhanced the students’ understanding of sustainability. Moreover, the study showed that integrating an understanding of the SDGs in teaching offers universities a way to frame students’ key competencies in ways that allow them to develop their interpersonal competencies as ambassadors for sustainability in their future work life.

This study supports the argument that WIL and real-life university experiences enhance students’ key competencies critical for sustainability.

The pedagogical approach advanced in this paper addresses how WIL and real-life experiences might develop students’ key competencies on sustainability. This approach indicates that working with SDGs in teaching encourages students to promote their interpersonal competencies for sustainability.

The purpose of this paper is to test the validity of dynamic tradeoff theory and argue that the speed of adjustment toward the target capital structure may vary depending primarily on some inherent firm characteristics.

The objective of this article is to study the impact of the corporate governance arrangements on the capital structure behavior taken by listed French firms. The author measures the corporate governance arrangements in three different ways to capture its influences on the capital structure and analyze how it affects a firm's rebalancing behavior in the presence of relevant control variables. Assuming that costs related to deviations from the target leverage are positively correlated with the duration of the deviation, the author finds that firms with a strong governance system adjust at a faster rate because the longer the deviation lasts, the greater the loss in firm value. In addition, firms with more efficient governance structures face lower adjustment costs.

The author measures corporate governance quality in different ways by using several proxies. The results make a major contribution to the literature and show that the quality of the governance system is an important factor in helping the company achieve fatly its target leverage. The authors produces further support for the initial finding by showing that the two extreme leverage deviation groups are dominated by firms with weak governance. The author also shows that the rebalancing speed is faster for firms with strong governance systems.

The paper proposes that a firm characterized by a strong governance system will display a shorter-duration deviation from the target capital structure and a higher adjustment level than a firm with weak governance. In other words, the author argues that the deviation from the target capital structure and the adjustment level are related to the quality of corporate governance. The results indicate that firms with a stronger governance structure are characterized by shorter-term deviations from the target. The author also finds that firms belonging to the two subsamples where leverage deviation is at extremely high or low levels are characterized by a weak governance system. The results corroborate the hypothesis on the speed of adjustment toward the desired target leverage. Furthermore, the author empirically proves that the adjustment level of firms with stronger governance is higher in both extreme leverage situations. This paper extends the existing literature on capital structure adjustment by introducing the effect of corporate governance.

This study aims to examine the setting of International Standards on Auditing (ISA) 701 on disclosing key audit matters (KAMs) to explore the role of standard setting in maintaining or reconstituting the relationship of the auditing profession with preparers and users of financial reports.

This study draws on concepts from the sociology of the professions literature and the regulatory space metaphor. Data comprises comment letters and other documents pertaining to the setting of ISA 701.

The study shows that the KAM reporting requirement is part of the ongoing re-calibration of the regulatory arrangements governing auditing, which started in the early 2000s. This study interprets standard setting as a site for negotiating the relationships between linked ecologies in the audit regulatory space, namely, the auditing profession, preparers of financial statements and users of audited reports. This study identifies three processes involved in setting ISA 701, namely, reconstitution of the rules governing auditors’ reports as a link between the three ecologies, preserving boundaries between the auditing profession and preparers and negotiation aimed at balancing competing interests of the interrelated ecologies.

The study offers insights into the role of regulatory rule setting as a central medium through which the adaptive relationship of the profession with its environment is negotiated.

The purpose of this paper is to test critical conservation approaches through conceptual architectural interventions that integrate the evolution of a significant urban building, the Temple of Dagan in Ugarit, the capital of an important Bronze Age civilisation in Syria, with the pre-existing phases of the site and offer a paradigm for the presentation of the city’s evolution. This reflection aims to investigate how far the remaining fabric can frame the original architectural experience of the place allowing the visitors of the ruins to contextualise the architectural development of the temple.

A detailed reading of archaeological reports and the French mission’s architectural interpretation as well as in situ surveys and architectural and urban analyses were carried out to inform this conservation reflection, which primarily explores the potential of critical conservation approaches for key architectural interventions. The main vehicle is a virtual reconstruction approach to probe the proposed critical conservation principles and their success in highlighting the stratigraphy of a site.

The work shows that critical conservation approaches can make a distinct contribution to the understanding of the ruins; in particular, the virtual approach can handle effectively the presentation of the intangible experience of the temple (original processional routes) and its archaeological stratigraphy.

The poor condition of the temple, being exposed for more than 80 years after excavation, have limited further architectural analysis as some evidence is confusing to read in situ. The pre-conservation analysis, therefore, was based more on the archaeological mission’s work, which is comprehensive.

The reconstitution of the temple’s architectural layers in a coherent narrative will have educational value as it will highlight the development of architectural perception and techniques during the Bronze Age. Debate on the application of such tools by managers of the site may enhance the visitors’ appreciation of the ruins. The digital output itself constitutes an engaging material that enhances the public understanding of the site and its rich stratigraphy.

The study is the first attempt to constitute an architectural experience out of the confusing ruins integrating the archaeological evidence in the frame of contemporary conservation and architectural design. As one of the predominant urban artefacts in Ugarit, the Temple of Dagan witnessed at least a millennium of the city’s history and thus the conservation strategy of its intense development and stratification reflects the whole city.

This paper examines the dynamic determinants of signaling firm’s market value. The underlying assumption is that when a firm changes its capital structure, it actually changes the relative position and the market values of its capital suppliers’ securities holdings. As for the determinants of capital structure, the paper examines a comprehensive number of factors that have been examined or pointed out in the literature. The paper utilizes the properties of partial adjustment model where the desired (or target) level of market value is adjusted according to both of the changes in actual market values and changes in firm’s capital structure. The results indicate that firm’s market value is not affected by neither factors of tradeoff theory nor free cash flow theories of capital structure. If firm’s liquidity position is taken as a source of short‐term financing, the results indicate that factors of pecking order theory do exist. The premises of dividend irrelevancy and information asymmetry do exist with a negative estimate of the dividend payout ratio. The results also indicate that firms’ financial‐agency signaling is affected by eight factors. These factors are (1) debt financing, (2) bankruptcy risk, (3) type of industry, (4) size, (5) financial flexibility, (6) liquidity position, (7) interest rate and (8) transaction costs of borrowing or paying off debt.

The purpose of this study is to develop a method to assess social performance. Traditionally, environment, social and governance (ESG) rating providers use subjectively weighted arithmetic averages to combine a set of social performance (SP) indicators into one single rating. To overcome this problem, this study investigates the preconditions for a new methodology for rating the SP component of the ESG by applying machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) anchored to social controversies.

This study proposes the use of a data-driven rating methodology that derives the relative importance of SP features from their contribution to the prediction of social controversies. The authors use the proposed methodology to solve the weighting problem with overall ESG ratings and further investigate whether prediction is possible.

The authors find that ML models are able to predict controversies with high predictive performance and validity. The findings indicate that the weighting problem with the ESG ratings can be addressed with a data-driven approach. The decisive prerequisite, however, for the proposed rating methodology is that social controversies are predicted by a broad set of SP indicators. The results also suggest that predictively valid ratings can be developed with this ML-based AI method.

This study offers practical solutions to ESG rating problems that have implications for investors, ESG raters and socially responsible investments.

The proposed ML-based AI method can help to achieve better ESG ratings, which will in turn help to improve SP, which has implications for organizations and societies through sustainable development.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is one of the first studies that offers a unique method to address the ESG rating problem and improve sustainability by focusing on SP indicators.

The authors examine whether managers switch from artificial income smoothing using discretionary accruals to real income smoothing around corporate governance reform in Egypt.

The sample comprises 61 non-financial companies listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange for the years 2004–2011. The authors use discretionary accruals as a proxy for artificial income smoothing and income/loss from asset sales as a proxy for real income smoothing.

The authors offer a significant contribution to accounting literature by providing new empirical evidence on the trade-off between real smoothing technique (e.g. income/loss from asset sales) and discretionary accruals around governance reform in a developing country.

This study suffers from some limitations. First, the study sample is limited to only 338 observations. However, this is due to collecting the data manually and to the small number of listed firms during the study period. Second, the study period ended in 2011 due to the unprecedented political instability after the 2011 Egyptian people revolution. Third, although this study examines the effect of corporate governance, not all the governance aspects have been examined in the study models due to the lack of data.

First, the results of the total samples reveal that managers prefer real income smoothing than accruals income smoothing. This result may confirm the literature arguments on the advantages of REM methods over AEM methods. Cohen et al. (2008) find that firms switch to manage earnings using REM methods and explain that REM methods are harder to detect because they depend on operating decisions (Schipper, 1989). REM can be undertaken anytime during the year (Gunny, 2010). Besides, REM could not be deemed a violation of accounting standards or regulations (MyVay, 2006).

The authors offer a significant contribution to accounting literature by providing new empirical evidence on the trade-off between real smoothing technique (e.g. income/loss from asset sales) and discretionary accruals around governance reform in a developing country.

This study examines the effects of the accruals vs. cash flow bases on firm’s MB ratio as a proxy for shareholder value. The methodology utilizes the benefits of the ‘partial adjustment model’ where it addresses the extent to which the shareholder value adjusts to a target level. The final results indicate that (a) the accrual basis helps adjust the shareholder value to a target level more than the cash flow basis, (b) the shareholder value is associated with profitability‐related ratios and dividend‐related ratios, (c) in both bases, the shareholders value is positively associated with earnings per share and price‐to‐earnings ratio, (d) the significant effects of firm‐specific controls indicate that the shareholder value is affected by the accounting base in certain industries, certain size, and affected by the time as well. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that the accruals‐based estimates and cash flow estimates are robust and reliable.