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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Valerio De Santis, Mauro Feliziani and Francescaromana Maradei

The aim of the paper is to apply a numerical dosimetry procedure to a biological tissue with an embedded discrete vascularisation in order to evaluate the temperature increase…

377

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of the paper is to apply a numerical dosimetry procedure to a biological tissue with an embedded discrete vascularisation in order to evaluate the temperature increase produced by radio‐frequency (RF) exposure.

Design/methodology/approach

The blood temperature inside thin vessels is analysed by a 1D finite difference procedure to solve the convection‐dominated heat problem. The tissue temperature inside the remaining 3D domain governed by the heat diffusion equation is calculated by the finite element method. Then, the two separate numerical methods are coupled by an iterative time domain procedure.

Findings

The main advantage of the proposed hybrid method is found to be the considerable reduction of the number of unknowns respect to other traditional numerical techniques.

Research limitations/implications

In this paper, only the numerical model of the new hybrid procedure has been proposed. In future work realistic biological regions will be examined and the proposed model will be improved by considering the artery/vein coupled structure.

Originality/value

The originality of the proposed method regards the solution of the bio‐heat equation by means of a new hybrid finite element/finite difference procedure. This procedure is applied inside a vascularized region considering a discrete blood vessel structure.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Concettina Buccella, Valerio De Santis, Mauro Feliziani and Piero Tognolatti

The paper aims to propose a three‐dimensional (3D) finite element analysis to evaluate the electrical performances of a FBAR (thin‐film bulk acoustic resonator) resonator.

887

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to propose a three‐dimensional (3D) finite element analysis to evaluate the electrical performances of a FBAR (thin‐film bulk acoustic resonator) resonator.

Design/methodology/approach

The piezoelectric theory that uses an equivalent circuit is able to evaluate the thickness‐extensional vibration modes in simple 1D configuration but it is not adequate to predict spurious modes with lateral wave vector. Therefore, a fully 3D finite element analysis has been carried out to evaluate the characteristics of a real FBAR prototype that has been fabricated in a research center.

Findings

The measured characteristics of the FBAR prototype are compared with simulations obtained by the 3D finite element analysis. The agreement between experimental and numerical results confirms the accuracy of the proposed technique.

Originality/value

The paper proposes a 3‐D numerical approach to design and analyze the electrical characteristics of a real FBAR which has been fabricated following the guidelines obtained by the proposed numerical design.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Mauro Feliziani, Alessandro Salvini, Alessandro Toscano and Lucio Vegni

366

Abstract

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

S. Coco, A. Laudani, F. Riganti Fulginei and A. Salvini

The aim of this work is to show how evolutionary computation can improve the quality of 3D‐FE mesh that is a crucial task for field evaluations using 3‐D FEM analysis.

167

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this work is to show how evolutionary computation can improve the quality of 3D‐FE mesh that is a crucial task for field evaluations using 3‐D FEM analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

The evolutionary approach used for optimizing 3D mesh generation is based on the bacterial chemotaxis algorithm (BCA). The objective function corresponds to the virtual bacterium best habitat, and the motion rules followed by each virtual bacterium are inspired to the natural behaviour of bacteria in real habitat.

Findings

The obtained results show that the present approach returns good accuracy performances with low‐computational costs.

Practical implications

The procedure is robust and converges for all the practical cases examined for validation.

Originality/value

The adoption of a correct optimization algorithm is fundamental to obtain good performances in terms of robustness of the results and the low‐computational costs. In this sense, the BCA is a valid instrument for improving the quality of 3D‐FE mesh.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Sebastian Emanuel Lauro, Filiberto Bilotti, Alessandro Toscano and Lucio Vegni

To devise a parametric study using a new application of the boundary element method (BEM) and to propose an efficient approach for speeding up the computation time of the BEM…

249

Abstract

Purpose

To devise a parametric study using a new application of the boundary element method (BEM) and to propose an efficient approach for speeding up the computation time of the BEM based on neural networks (NNs).

Design/methodology/approach

A 3D finite elements formulation is combined with radial basis function NNs to speeding up the computation time.

Findings

The paper shows how to estimate the role of thin slabs filled with unconventional media in order to increase the coupling values when placed between two metallic strips in a coupled microstrip line layout or to improve the shielding properties when used as absorber.

Research limitations/implications

The numerical results here presented are not bianisotropic but can be easily extended to take into account bianisotropic media.

Originality/value

The formulation is one of the only with the potential for investigating unconventional bianisotropic media like Chiral materials which are seen as one possible route to achieving double negative media.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Salvatore Coco, Antonino Laudani and Giuseppe Pollicino

The paper's aim is to focus on the utilization of the GRID distributed computing environment in order to reduce simulation time for parameter studies of travelling wave tube (TWT…

224

Abstract

Purpose

The paper's aim is to focus on the utilization of the GRID distributed computing environment in order to reduce simulation time for parameter studies of travelling wave tube (TWT) electron guns and helix slow‐wave structures.

Design/methodology/approach

Two TWT finite‐element analysis modules were adapted to be run on the GRID, for this purpose scripts were written to submit a collection of independent jobs (the parameter study) to the GRID and collect the results.

Findings

A 25‐job electron gun parameter study runs on the GRID in 30‐40 min instead of 7 h locally. A 16‐job slow‐wave structure parameter study runs in 1 h on the GRID instead of 8 h locally. Turnaround time on the GRID was limited by priority levels presently set by GRID management for the various jobs submitted.

Practical implications

The procedures guarantee a remarkable reduction of the computing time.

Originality/value

For heavy‐computational cost tasks such as the above finite element electromagnetic calculations, the effective use of a heterogeneous, distributed, computing platform (the GRID computing platform) is very advantageous. The paper shows the development of new generation collaborative tools.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Carlos Alberto Ferreira Fernandes

The aim of this paper is to develop simulation tools for the analysis of modified structures of distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes adequate for single longitudinal mode (SLM…

266

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to develop simulation tools for the analysis of modified structures of distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes adequate for single longitudinal mode (SLM) operation.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses matricial techniques: the transfer matrix method (TMM). When compared to the eigenvalue approach, the matricial techniques are more general and flexible and hence are especially adequate to deal with the analysis and structural design of DFB laser diodes. In this work, the author makes a general description of the TMM, enhancing its importance with some applications by considering the threshold and above‐threshold analysis of a modified DFB laser structure.

Findings

The increasing demands on laser performance, mainly in the area of optical communication systems, have lead to the fabrication of more‐and‐more complex structures. In viewing the development of the associated technology, the importance of the simulation tools revealed of crucial importance.

Originality/value

The simulation model used in this work has been described in other works of the author. In the present analysis a general description of the TMM was implemented, summarizing the results of previous studies for the threshold and above‐threshold regimes of modified DFB laser structures specially designed to show SLM operation.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

B. Vahidi, B. Hemmatian and S.H. Hosseinian

To find an easy and accurate method for evaluating the Pollaczek's integral in earth‐return path impedance calculation.

353

Abstract

Purpose

To find an easy and accurate method for evaluating the Pollaczek's integral in earth‐return path impedance calculation.

Design/methodology/approach

The Monte Carlo method of evaluating the Pollaczek's integral is introduced.

Findings

The Monte Carlo method is easy and accurate method for this computation.

Research limitations/implications

Using proposed method in cases of earth stratification.

Practical implications

The proposed method can be used in power system transient software.

Originality/value

The proposed method introduces a computation method for calculation of Pollaczek's integral which is valuable for power engineers.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

S. Selleri and A. Cucinotta

The aim of this paper is to show the effectiveness of the finite element method (FEM) to study the properties of different kinds of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), presenting…

541

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to show the effectiveness of the finite element method (FEM) to study the properties of different kinds of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), presenting results which highlight the FEM flexibility, exploited according to the particular PCF feature under investigation.

Design/methodology/approach

The FEM has been applied to a new emerging class of optical fibers, the so‐called PCFs, also known as microstructured or holey fibers.

Findings

It has been shown how to design and customize the PCF cross‐section to achieve desired values of dispersion, confinement loss, nonlinear or amplification properties. Reported examples prove the FEM ability to deal with complex geometries, arbitrary refractive index steps and distribution, and to be integrated with other approaches for a better and accurate analysis of the considered fiber.

Research limitations/implications

Limitation in the FEM use can be given by the required computation effort in terms of memory occupancy and time, even if computational power of modern workstations can attenuate this aspect.

Practical implications

The FEM can be a very powerful tool to investigate and design actual structures to be used in several fields, as telecom, sensing, fiber lasers, spectroscopy.

Originality/value

The novelty of the paper is given by the exploitation of the FEM feature to design a new emerging class of optical fibers, considering all numerical aspects given by the unusual characteristics of the domain and problem under investigation.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

Kayhan Gulez

The paper aims to provide an adaptive neural network controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under direct torque control (DTC) algorithm to minimize the torque…

468

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to provide an adaptive neural network controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under direct torque control (DTC) algorithm to minimize the torque ripple and EMI noise.

Design/methodology/approach

The design methodology is based on vector control used for electrical machines. MATLAB simulations supported with experimental study under C++ are used.

Findings

The simulated and experimental results show that considerable torque ripple as well as current ripple and EMI noise reduction can be achieved by utilizing adaptive neural switching algorithm to fire the inverter supplying the PMSM.

Research limitations/implications

This research is limited to PMSM, however the research can be extended to include other AC motors as well. In addition, the following points can be studied: the effects of harmonics in control signals on the torque ripple can be analyzed; the actual mathematical relation between the torque and flux ripple can be studied to set the flux and torque bands width in reasonable value; different neural network algorithms can be applied to the system to solve the similar problems.

Practical implications

Based on existing DTC control system, it is only required to change the software switching algorithm, to provide smooth torque, given that the switching frequency of the inverter module is more than or equal to 15 MHz and the system is supplied with timers. In addition a relatively higher DC voltage may be required to achieve higher speed compared with the traditional DTC.

Originality/value

In this paper, the stator flux position, and errors due to deviations from reference values of the torque and stator flux are used to select two active vectors while at the same time the absolute value of the torque error and the stator flux position are used neural network structure to adapt the switching of the inverter in order to control the applied average voltage level in such a way as to minimize the torque ripple, so instead of fixed time table structure, a neural network controller is used to calculate the switching time for the selected vectors and no PI controller is used as the case in the traditional space vector modulation. This work is directed to motor drive system designers who seek highly smooth torque performance with EMI noise reduction.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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