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Article
Publication date: 18 September 2007

Mats Hammarstedt and Ghazi Shukur

There is now a large amount of literature on immigrants' relative earnings and immigrants' earnings assimilation in different countries. This paper aims to contribute to…

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Abstract

Purpose

There is now a large amount of literature on immigrants' relative earnings and immigrants' earnings assimilation in different countries. This paper aims to contribute to international research, since the paper investigates the earnings gap between different groups of immigrants and natives at different parts of the earnings distribution in Sweden.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantile regressions are estimated on a large dataset in order to study to what extent there are differences in the earnings gap between different groups of immigrants and natives at the top and the bottom of the earnings distribution in Sweden.

Findings

The study shows, that immigrants are doing relatively better at the top than at the bottom of the earnings distribution. This is the case for males as well as for females. Furthermore, the study also shows that in times of recession, the earnings gap between immigrants from European countries and natives remains stable, while the earnings gap between non‐European immigrants and natives at the bottom of the earnings distribution increases substantially.

Originality/value

This paper is useful to those wishing to examine the extent of differences in earnings between immigrants and natives and differences in earnings between different immigrant groups.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 28 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

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Article
Publication date: 10 July 2009

Mats Hammarstedt

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the predicted earnings differential between self‐employment and wage‐employment on self‐employment propensities in…

677

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the predicted earnings differential between self‐employment and wage‐employment on self‐employment propensities in Sweden using a large data set from the year 2003.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis in the paper is based on the presumption that the individual chooses to work in either the self‐employed or the wage‐employed sector. The separate earnings functions for the self‐employed and the wage‐employed are estimated in order to predict an individual's earnings in each sector. In order to overcome selectivity problems a Heckman approach is used at this stage. Finally, a structural probit model, where the difference in predicted earnings from the two sectors is included as an independent variable, is estimated.

Findings

The main result is that the predicted differential between self‐employment and wage‐employment earnings plays an important role for the self‐employment decision and that an increase in this earnings differential will lead to a higher self‐employment rate and to an increase in total employment in Sweden.

Originality/value

The policy relevance of this question is evident since previous research has shown that self‐employed individuals do not only create jobs for themselves but also for others. Thus, an increase in the earnings from self‐employment relative to the earnings from wage‐employment will increase the self‐employment rate as well as total employment.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 30 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

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Article
Publication date: 27 September 2011

Ali Ahmed and Mats Hammarstedt

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how subtle religious representations affect prosocial behavior. The authors study the impact of religious representations on prosocial…

1247

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how subtle religious representations affect prosocial behavior. The authors study the impact of religious representations on prosocial behavior in terms of cooperation in a one‐shot/three‐person public goods game.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used the scrambled sentence task to prime participants with religious words before they were asked to make a one‐shot/three‐person public goods game decision.

Findings

Both in the raw data and when controlling for factors such as age, gender and religious beliefs, the authors found that priming of religious representations increased cooperation in the experiment, that is, increased contributions to the public good. The authors found no significant interaction effects between priming and self‐reported measures of religiosity, suggesting that the priming effect was present among both self‐reported religious and nonreligious participants. Self‐reported measures of religiosity were not correlated with cooperation in this study.

Originality/value

The paper adds to the growing body of experimental economics literature that has studied self‐reported measures of religiosity alongside behavior in different economic games. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effect of subtle influences of religion on cooperation. Also, in contrast to previous economic literature, the paper examines the direct impact of religion as an independent variable on cooperation.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 38 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

Keywords

Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 14 November 2008

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Abstract

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 29 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

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Article
Publication date: 4 April 2016

Emma Neuman

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the link between childhood neighbourhood ethnic composition and short- and long-run economic outcomes of second-generation immigrants…

677

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the link between childhood neighbourhood ethnic composition and short- and long-run economic outcomes of second-generation immigrants and natives in Sweden.

Design/methodology/approach

The author uses Swedish longitudinal register data and apply regression analysis methods to investigate the correlation between three ethnic neighbourhood variables(share of immigrants, share of immigrants with the same ethnic background and share of immigrants with other descent) in childhood with short- and long-run economic outcomes (earnings, unemployment, reliance on social assistance and educational attainment).

Findings

The results show that second-generation immigrants raised in immigrant-dense neighbourhoods have a lower probability to continue to higher education, whereas, their earnings, unemployment and social assistance tendencies are unaffected. On the contrary, natives’ earnings and educational attainment are negatively correlated with, and the probability of social assistance and unemployment are positively associated with a high immigrant concentration. Moreover, the social assistance and unemployment of non-Nordic second-generation immigrants appears to be negatively correlated with the neighbourhood share of co-ethnics and positively correlated with the neighbourhood proportion of other ethnic groups. Overall, the author finds that the results are very similar in the short and long run.

Originality/value

This paper expands the literature on children and ethnic segregation and in contrast to earlier research in this context, it focuses on second-generation immigrants and their performance in comparison to natives. This study contributes to this research area by investigating a large variety of outcomes, looking at both immigrant, own ethnic group and other ethnic group concentration and including both short- and long-run correlations.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 37 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

Keywords

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