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Article
Publication date: 24 February 2012

Siamak Daneshvaran and Maryam Haji

In general, the insurance industry accepts large risks due to the frequency and severity of extreme events. Because of the short record on hazard data for such events, a large…

220

Abstract

Purpose

In general, the insurance industry accepts large risks due to the frequency and severity of extreme events. Because of the short record on hazard data for such events, a large amount of uncertainty has to be dealt with. Given this large uncertainty it is important to better quantify the hazard parameters that are defined as inputs to the catastrophe models. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the hurricane risk from loss point of view in the USA for both long‐term and warm phase conditions using a simulation‐based stochastic model.

Design/methodology/approach

A Poisson process is used to simulate the occurrence of events for both conditions. The generated event‐sets were used along with vulnerability and cost models to estimate the loss to an insurance industry portfolio. The paper discusses the statistics of events categorized by the Saffir‐Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, annualized and return period losses and compares the results for both assumed long‐term and warm phase climate states.

Findings

The analysis shows that the population of landfall data for the two climate conditions is not statistically different. However, if we accept that a difference in the frequency of landfall occurrence between the two assumptions exists, the increase in average annual loss is about 17 per cent.

Originality/value

This paper provides insights to the difference between the two states of atmosphere from the point of view of insured losses for hurricanes and is one of the first papers that offers conclusion on the uncertainty associated with the warm phase data.

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2013

Siamak Daneshvaran and Maryam Haji

A reliable forecast of hurricane activity in the Atlantic Basin has the potential to help mitigate the economic losses caused by hurricanes. One of the difficult problems is to…

792

Abstract

Purpose

A reliable forecast of hurricane activity in the Atlantic Basin has the potential to help mitigate the economic losses caused by hurricanes. One of the difficult problems is to make reasonable annual forecast of catastrophe losses based on the short record of historical observations. Atmospheric conditions tend to influence tropical cyclone development. Considering the complex interactions among climatological factors, prediction of future hurricane activity is challenging. In this study, the authors are attempting to predict the number of Atlantic hurricanes for a given year based on two different approaches.

Design/methodology/approach

In part I, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) is used to model a long‐run behavior of Atlantic hurricane frequency. The authors present a comparison of CSU's forecast with ARIMA model. Part II focuses on the relationship between the climate signals and hurricane activity and introduces a new approach in including climate indices into the prediction model. In this part, principal components analysis (PCA) is used to identify possible patterns in historical data based on six climate indices measured prior to hurricane season. The objective is to reduce the data set to a smaller set while most of the variability observed in the real data is captured. The variances observed in an orthogonal system indicate the order of contribution of each mode shape.

Findings

Results from part I suggest that CSU's forecast model, in general, is superior to results obtained by ARIMA. In part II, the correlation between mode (shapes) and the number of Atlantic hurricanes per year is examined. The resulting relationships show that, for the time interval of 1990 through 2011, PCA‐based approach provides better estimates compared to CSU's forecast.

Originality/value

The paper presents a unique prediction approach which is simple, relatively accurate and easy to apply. The results of this study show that complex statistical analyses/models do not necessarily provide better forecasts.

Details

The Journal of Risk Finance, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1526-5943

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Article
Publication date: 24 February 2012

Siamak Daneshvaran and Maryam Haji

By reviewing recent literature, it is noticeable that considerable attention has been given to the relationship between all Atlantic hurricanes and those that make landfall in the…

321

Abstract

Purpose

By reviewing recent literature, it is noticeable that considerable attention has been given to the relationship between all Atlantic hurricanes and those that make landfall in the USA. However, less research has been done regarding landfall frequency and identifying spatial areas that are statistically more likely to produce landfalling hurricanes. The purpose of this paper is to provide a better prediction method for US landfalling hurricanes.

Design/methodology/approach

This work is based on the hypothesis that landfall variations along the US coast can be better explained in terms of hurricane origination points over more susceptible areas on the North Atlantic Ocean. Simulation techniques are used to spatially quantify the landfall probability.

Findings

Results indicate the existence of a landfall corridor in the Atlantic Basin, which explains some of the variances observed in the landfall process. Two different hypotheses of climate are examined. A long‐term assumption is based on the historical data from 1940 to 2010. The second assumption is based on the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Since 1995, we are in a warm phase and we assume that sea surface temperatures remain warmer than the long‐term average over the next several years. Results indicate that the average increase on landfall frequency is about 13 per cent.

Originality/value

This paper is the first paper that introduces the concept of landfall origination corridor. It spatially identifies the differences between long term and warm phase of the atmosphere in terms of US landfall occurrence using hurricane origination points.

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Article
Publication date: 28 January 2014

Nadine Gatzert

132

Abstract

Details

The Journal of Risk Finance, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1526-5943

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Article
Publication date: 27 October 2022

Maryam Tavosi and Nader Naghshineh

This study aims to present a comparative study of university library websites (in the USA) from the standpoint of “Google SEO” and “Accessibility”. Furthermore, correlation…

343

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to present a comparative study of university library websites (in the USA) from the standpoint of “Google SEO” and “Accessibility”. Furthermore, correlation analysis between these two done.

Design/methodology/approach

By opting for a webometric approach, the present study analyzed university library websites in the USA. The Lighthouse add-on for the Google Chrome browser has been used as a data collection tool, by writing and implementing a computer program in Bash language automatically (May 2020). Data analysis tools used were “Libre-Office-Calc”, “SPSS22” and “Excel”.

Findings

In all 81 university library websites in the USA, Google search engine optimization (SEO) scores have been observed the amount higher than 60 (Total Score = 100). The accessibility rank obtained lay between 0.56 and 1 (Total Score = 1). A weak correlation relationship between “SEO score” and “accessibility rank” (P-value = 0.02, Spearman Correlation Coefficient = 0.345) was observed. This weak relationship can be explained due to the impact of several components affecting Google’s SEO score, one of them being having a high “accessibility rank”.

Practical implications

Given the increasing automation of library processes, SEO tools can help libraries in achieving their digital marketing goals.

Originality/value

Accurate measurement of the Google SEO score and accessibility rank for the university library websites (in the USA) were obtained by Lighthouse add-on for Google Chrome browser. Moreover, data extraction by the implementation of one program computer without the direct observation of human resources is the innovation of this study.

Details

Information Discovery and Delivery, vol. 51 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-6247

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Book part
Publication date: 16 June 2021

Amir Forouharfar

Institutional changes, in a historical context, through simultaneous evolutionary and metamorphic processes either deform or reform long-enduring institutions. The chapter delves…

Abstract

Institutional changes, in a historical context, through simultaneous evolutionary and metamorphic processes either deform or reform long-enduring institutions. The chapter delves into the Persian history from the early days of the reign of Nāṣer al-Dīn Shāh-e Qājār in 1848 to the recent years and traces Persian institutions' historical transformations, which culminated to the Persian women entrepreneurship. Thus, the chapter first sets the historical context in each period and then sheds light on the pivotal issues of each period's women. The undergirding base of the discussions is the assumption of the change in institutions as natural metamorphosis in the animate. Finally, the discussions contribute to the conceptualization of the Institutional Triangulation and in the case of Persia, a cultural-driven triangulation, which has paved the way to the formation of a stupendously hegemonic patriarchal and masculine sociopolitical economy in Persia, that has historically affected women's institutionalization, subjugation, subordination, marginalization, socialization, emancipation, and most recently Islamization phases.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of Women and Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-327-7

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Book part
Publication date: 20 January 2022

Rusni Hassan, Noor Mahinar Abu Bakar and Noor Haini Akmal Abu Bakar

Using the notion of sustainable impactful strategies for waqf management, this study examines the governance and best practices on idle waqf management by the Malaysian States…

Abstract

Using the notion of sustainable impactful strategies for waqf management, this study examines the governance and best practices on idle waqf management by the Malaysian States Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) in selected states like Penang, Perak and Kuala Lumpur. The waqf management of the SIRCs is also assessed based on the model framework countries such as Singapore, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates (UAE). The findings of this chapter indicate that ineffective administration and management on waqf have hindered its development and expansion in Malaysia. Also, an effective and robust governance framework based on Shariah could and should be implemented to ensure that waqf in Malaysia are managed effectively to gain socio-economic sustainability of Muslim communities. The findings of this chapter will fill the research gap on good governance and best practices in waqf administration and management as a way forward for Malaysia by providing a way forward for SIRCs and policymakers in Malaysia, to enhance the performance of waqf entity using selected other countries as model framework of good governance and best practices. Furthermore, an emphasis on good governance and best practices is important to attract waqf donors. It is imperative to note that to date, there is no qualitative study that compare the impact of good governance and best practices on the management of waqf by selected SIRCs in Penang, Perak and Kuala Lumpur to Singapore, Kuwait and UAE as model framework countries.

Details

Towards a Post-Covid Global Financial System
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-625-4

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2025

Muhammad Anwar Fathoni, Ahmad Rodoni, Mohammad Nur Rianto Al Arif and Nur Hidayah

The fact that Islamic banking in Indonesia held only a 7% market share in 2023 is ironic, considering that Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world. Beyond…

59

Abstract

Purpose

The fact that Islamic banking in Indonesia held only a 7% market share in 2023 is ironic, considering that Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world. Beyond differences in ethnicity, race and religious understanding, Indonesia’s sociopolitical diversity also presents an intriguing study area about consumer decisions to use financial services. This study aims to investigate the influence of sociopolitical identity on attitudes and intentions to participate in Islamic banking in Indonesia using the theory of reasoned action as a basis.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used SEM-PLS to investigate the intention to participate in Islamic banking among Muslim communities in Indonesia. Its focus on prediction and theory building aligns perfectly with the objectives of this study, making it the most appropriate methodological choice. The sample used in this study comprised 343 respondents. The structural model was used to test the relationship between intention to participate in Islamic banking and religiosity, subjective norms, attitudes and sociopolitical identity, with reputation as mediation.

Findings

This study found that three variables significantly affect the intention to participate in Islamic banks: attitude (AT), reputation (RP) and subjective norms (SN). Sociopolitical identity (SP) and religiosity (RE) do not have a direct effect. However, sociopolitical identity (SP), attitudes (AT) and religiosity (RE) have been proven to have an indirect impact through reputation (RP) as mediation, and only subjective norms (SN) have not.

Practical implications

This study implies that Islamic banking needs to consider non-marketing aspects because, based on its findings, non-marketing factors such as sociopolitical identity and religiosity have been proven to influence the intention to participate in Islamic banking in Indonesia.

Originality/value

This study’s respondents were two Muslim communities in Indonesia with the largest mass and assets, namely, Nahdhatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. The inclusion of non-marketing aspects, such as sociopolitical identity, in the research model added value, which is still rarely researched.

Details

Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0833

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Article
Publication date: 10 January 2023

Petter Gottschalk and Maryam Kamaei

The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which white-collar crime makes sense. Understanding business offending reflects the degree of sensemaking among respondents…

126

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which white-collar crime makes sense. Understanding business offending reflects the degree of sensemaking among respondents in the current survey research. Making sense implies a number of factors that influence understandability. An understandable act is not necessarily acceptable or justifiable. At a university in Iran, criminal law and criminology students answered a questionnaire regarding their extent of understanding of business offenders.

Design/methodology/approach

The research method is the use of experimental data using a questionnaire in one of the units of the Islamic Azad University in Iran, where 300 students were invited to respond to an online survey.

Findings

The respondents found it on average understandable that top executives and other privileged individuals abuse their positions to commit financial crime when they have problems with their personal finances, when the business struggles financially and faces the threat of bankruptcy, and when they offer bribes in corrupt countries to obtain business contracts. The extent of understandability varies with a number of propositions in the convenience theory.

Originality/value

This article has not been submitted elsewhere and is original.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 31 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-0790

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Article
Publication date: 7 March 2023

Soroosh Saghiri, Emel Aktas and Maryam Mohammadipour

Perishable inventory management for the grocery sector has become more challenging with extended omnichannel activities and emerging consumer expectations. This paper aims to…

977

Abstract

Purpose

Perishable inventory management for the grocery sector has become more challenging with extended omnichannel activities and emerging consumer expectations. This paper aims to identify and formalize key performance measures of omnichannel perishable inventory management (OCPI) and explore the influence of operational and market-related factors on these measures.

Design/methodology/approach

The inductive approach of this research synthesizes three performance measures (product waste, lost sales and freshness) and four influencing factors (channel effect, demand variability, product perishability and shelf life visibility) for OCPI, through industry investigation, expert interviews and a systematic literature review. Treating OCPI as a complex adaptive system and considering its transaction costs, this paper formalizes the OCPI performance measures and their influencing factors in two statements and four propositions, which are then tested through numerical analysis with simulation.

Findings

Product waste, lost sales and freshness are identified as distinctive OCPI performance measures, which are influenced by product perishability, shelf life visibility, demand variability and channel effects. The OCPI sensitivity to those influencing factors is diverse, whereas those factors are found to moderate each other's effects.

Practical implications

To manage perishables more effectively, with less waste and lost sales for the business and fresher products for the consumer, omnichannel firms need to consider store and online channel requirements and strive to reduce demand variability, extend product shelf life and facilitate item-level shelf life visibility. While flexible logistics capacity and dynamic pricing can mitigate demand variability, the product shelf life extension needs modifications in product design, production, or storage conditions. OCPI executives can also increase the product shelf life visibility through advanced stock monitoring/tracking technologies (e.g. smart tags or more comprehensive barcodes), particularly for the online channel which demands fresher products.

Originality/value

This paper provides a novel theoretical view on perishables in omnichannel systems. It specifies the OCPI performance, beyond typical inventory policies for cost minimization, while discussing its sensitivity to operations and market factors.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 43 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

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