The competence of academic librarians promises to be a foremost issue for academic librarianship in the twenty‐first century. New subject specialties, unprecedented information…
Abstract
The competence of academic librarians promises to be a foremost issue for academic librarianship in the twenty‐first century. New subject specialties, unprecedented information technologies, and increasingly interdisciplinary university curricula and research mean ever‐faster outdating of the library science degree. Currently, within ten to 12 years of receiving their diplomas, academic librarians are estimated to be half as competent to meet professional demands as they were at graduation. Continuing education is, therefore, ever more vital in maintaining a staff of library professionals who are capable of providing continually relevant service to library users.
In this time of severe national budget deficit, all programs are reviewed for trimming/downsizing and effectiveness. Just as educational systems are evaluated for trimming, so are…
Abstract
In this time of severe national budget deficit, all programs are reviewed for trimming/downsizing and effectiveness. Just as educational systems are evaluated for trimming, so are school and academic library services. This article will address why it is crucial to have close linkages between school and academic libraries through articulation programs to avoid duplication and waste of human resources, and explain how articulation can be initiated through precollege programs offered by colleges and universities. It will focus on why academic libraries participate in precollege access programs, highlight how collaboration between school and academic libraries helps the “town and gown” community relationship, and point out how precollege programs help minority students and university recruitment and retention efforts. As an example, it will describe the outreach program of the College Library at the University of Wisconsin‐Madi‐son. The article concludes by discussing the future goals of strengthening and broadening the participation of academic libraries in precollege access programs.
The following is an annotated list of materials dealing with orientation to library facilities and services, instruction in the use of information resources, and research and…
Abstract
The following is an annotated list of materials dealing with orientation to library facilities and services, instruction in the use of information resources, and research and computer skills related to retrieving, using, and evaluating information. This review, the sixteenth to be published in Reference Services Review, includes items in English published in 1989. A few are not annotated because the compiler could not obtain copies of them for this review.
Sarah K. McCord and Mary M. Nofsinger
Since 1996, when a first comprehensive use survey was conducted, librarians at the Washington State University (WSU) Libraries have worked to build a culture of continuous…
Abstract
Since 1996, when a first comprehensive use survey was conducted, librarians at the Washington State University (WSU) Libraries have worked to build a culture of continuous assessment. Using information obtained from surveys and other sources, library administrators focus limited resources on priorities identified by users. In 2000, an Assessment Working Group was formed to initiate and coordinate assessment projects throughout the WSU Libraries. The group conducted a local survey of library users to help determine specific areas of strength and weakness in the fall of 2000. In 2001, the libraries participated in the second pilot of LibQUAL+™. This article compares the results of the three surveys, and provides an analysis of how each survey differs in representing user needs and priorities. The rationale for the libraries’ decision to continue participation in LibQUAL+™ is also discussed.
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The following is an annotated list of materials dealing with orientation to library facilities and services, instruction in the use of information resources, and research and…
Abstract
The following is an annotated list of materials dealing with orientation to library facilities and services, instruction in the use of information resources, and research and computer skills related to retrieving, using, and evaluating information. This review, the fifteenth to be published in Reference Services Review, includes items in English published in 1988. A few are not annotated because the compiler could not obtain copies of them for this review.
In her introduction to the third edition to The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (AHD), executive editor Anne H. Soukhanov justly and temperately praises the…
Abstract
In her introduction to the third edition to The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (AHD), executive editor Anne H. Soukhanov justly and temperately praises the first edition, which appeared in 1969. That pioneering work, she asserts, “did four things and did them well.
Jan P. Warhuus, Casey J. Frid and William B. Gartner
This study offers empirical evidence from a nationally representative panel dataset of nascent entrepreneurs (PSED-II) regarding when external financing is acquired and how…
Abstract
Purpose
This study offers empirical evidence from a nationally representative panel dataset of nascent entrepreneurs (PSED-II) regarding when external financing is acquired and how certain factors affect this timing during the cumulative process of nascent entrepreneurs taking actions toward establishing an operational entity. By assessing the relationship between the external financing event and the cumulative set of actions that nascent entrepreneurs undertake to create new businesses, we improve our understanding of how the timing of acquiring external financing affects organizational survival and growth.
Design/methodology/approach
We apply nonparametric and semiparametric survival analysis techniques to a nationally representative panel dataset of nascent entrepreneurs. This ascertains the probability of an external financing event at any given moment in time and a set of startup conditions that we hypothesize will affect this timing. First, we use Kaplan–Meier analysis to explore when external financing occurs during new business creation. We then use discrete-time survival analysis to investigate whether certain startup conditions affect when external financing occurs. Finally, we conduct a test of independence to examine the external financing event relative to other startup activities completed during new business creation.
Findings
Nascent entrepreneurs tend to acquire external funding relatively late in the new venture startup process – on average, about two-thirds of the way from conceiving of the idea and becoming operational. They tend to take actions that are less resource-demanding early in the startup process to build their organizations to a fundable stage. Net worth tends to speed up the acquisition of external funding as wealthy entrepreneurs tend to ask for funding earlier in the process. Finally, entrepreneurs in capital-intensive industries do not seem to get outside funding before entrepreneurs in other industries.
Originality/value
This study is unique in three ways. First, we investigate the timing of the highly important external financing event. Timing is critical in unpacking and making sense of the very early stages of a new business and in guiding entrepreneurs and students about when to do what. Second, we do so in a subsample of preoperational, nascent, funded entrepreneurs derived from a nationally representative panel dataset of startup attempts. Third, our findings provide a counter-intuitive yet systematic understanding of organizational emergence and very early-stage financing.
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Ganesh R., Naresh G. and Thiyagarajan S.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the mimicking behaviour of institutional investors in the stock market.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the mimicking behaviour of institutional investors in the stock market.
Design/methodology/approach
The study focusses on examining the herding behaviour among institutional investors in the stock market by considering the bulk and block trade on the constituent NIFTY 50 index during the period 2005–2015 using Lakonishok–Schleifer–Vishny (1992) model. The study also aims to find out whether their herding behaviour is intentional or unintentional in nature.
Findings
The findings of the study showed no sign of herding behaviour in the market; out of 50 constituent stocks of NIFTY 50, there was significant herding in 15 stocks, with buy herding in 11 stocks and sell herding in four stocks, and remaining 35 stocks were totally free from herding behaviour. In addition, the results proved that the herding behaviour observed on the stocks is of unintentional in nature.
Research limitations/implications
Present study is limited to the use of constituent stocks of the Benchmarking Index NIFTY 50.
Originality/value
This study is the first attempt to investigate the herding behaviour of institutional investors in the market using bulk and block trade and also to explore their intent in herding behaviour.
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While crowdfunding provides a novel method for entrepreneurs and startups to raise funding from consumers, a high percentage of crowdfunding projects fail to achieve their funding…
Abstract
Purpose
While crowdfunding provides a novel method for entrepreneurs and startups to raise funding from consumers, a high percentage of crowdfunding projects fail to achieve their funding goals. This study aims to investigate the impact of early backers on crowdfunding success (i.e. reaching funding goals) by considering their social and geographic peer influences.
Design/methodology/approach
The author constructed a social network and a geographic network of crowdfunding backers based on a data set from Kickstarter.com and used closeness centrality to quantify the network positions of early backers.
Findings
For project categories with low completion uncertainty, early backers who were socially closer to their peers led to a higher chance of success. However, such an impact declines for projects with higher uncertainty. On the other hand, for project categories with high completion uncertainty, early backers who were geographically closer to their peers led to a higher chance of success. Still, such an impact declines for projects with lower uncertainty.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature by investigating the peer influence between socially and geographically related consumers on a crowdfunding platform. The findings provide managerial implications for crowdfunding project creators to target the right crowd.