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The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the growing field of membership research by applying a relationship marketing perspective on members in tourism settings. Focus is on exploring why consumers are members (motivational dimensions) and how motivations are related to member behaviours (retention, participation and co-creation), and to member demographics (gender, age, distance between the member's home and the supported organization).

A survey was conducted among members of a nonprofit tourist attraction (n=755). Classical chi-square tests, t-tests and multivariate analysis using logistic regression were used to analyze data and to test eight hypotheses on member demographics, member motivations and member behaviours.

Findings show that among the three motivational dimensions, altruism, i.e. doing good for others, was the strongest motive, followed by self-interest, i.e. doing good for yourself, and then the social motive, i.e. doing good with others, which scored lowest. Furthermore, findings show that gender, age and distance were significantly related to member motivations and member behaviours. Member behaviours were significantly related to motivations.

This study was conducted at a single nonprofit tourist attraction. However, it provides insights into different motivational dimensions for why people pay to become members and what kind of member behaviour they demonstrate. This topic calls for further research to explore the complex membership phenomenon such as extending this study by identifying member motives and behaviour in other contexts.

This explorative study of members of a nonprofit tourist attraction contributes insights into why consumers are members (motivational dimensions), how motivations are related to member behaviours in a membership relationship context, and how member demographics are related to motivations and behaviours. Findings have implications for membership managers and the development of memberships in terms of giving a deeper insight into members as consumers in order to develop memberships as strategic resources and hence use the full potential of memberships especially vital to non-profit organizations. Several aspects of memberships are discussed that may inspire the development of member offerings. The present study contributes to the developing field of membership research as it is a response to the calls for more empirical studies of members to develop an integrated understanding of motivations of memberships. Furthermore it contributes with research of co-creation in customer relationships linking the co-creation concept to research of members in tourism settings.

This study contributes to the developing field of membership research and furthermore gives insights into consumer motivations and behaviours that may inspire development of innovative and competitive membership offerings building membership relationships in tourism settings.

The purpose is to develop a work-integrated learning (WIL) model for university-society research collaboration facilitating societal impact toward short lag yet sustainable societal impact for local innovation.

The methodology applied was engaged scholarship based on a WIL approach involving a network of collaborating partners from different sectors of society and cross-disciplinary university researchers. Mixed data collection methods were applied.

Conceptualization of university-society research collaboration for local innovation is presented as a WIL model including the elements of continuity and commitment, coordination, communication and relationships, trust, courage and creativity and co-creation opportunities. Short lag societal impact as local innovation was identified as product and process innovations.

Further validation of the model is encouraged for the model to be viable in various contexts and to generate different kinds of societal impact.

The model may act as a governing tool for project management to facilitate co-creative and short lag societal impact for local innovation to ensure that engaged and learning activities are embedded in the collaborative process.

The model has implications for inclusiveness and co-creation fostering transparency, respect and mutuality in university-society research collaboration and to equate both academic and practice knowledge.

The conclusions drawn support the understanding of a WIL approach practicing engaged scholarship in research collaborations. The main theoretical and practical contributions of the article are the conceptual model for university-society research collaboration generating short lag societal implications and local innovation.

This research analyzes the preparation of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) for inclusion in the open labor market via supported employment (SE). To this end, Fraser’s (1995) concept of transformative action is used to evaluate changes in students’ attitudes and behaviors.

A qualitative approach was adopted, consisting of interviews with SE organizations and observations of students participating in workshops focused on internships that form part of their educational process.

The research findings indicate that an educational approach to SE inclusion can generate transformative processes that contribute to changing the conditions leading to exclusion from the labor market.

This research develops further the use of Fraser’s (1995) theorization in disability studies. Students were observed participating in workshops, and not in their workplaces, which represents both a limitation and a line for future investigation.

This research contributes to reducing managers’ reluctance to contract people with IDD. It is also useful for those secondary schools implementing an inclusive educational approach that are willing to include internships as part of their academic curriculum.

Greater investment and cooperation by education and labor policy makers are needed to make inclusion possible.

This study investigates inclusion in the labor market as part of the educational development of students with IDD, focusing on its transformative nature.

Recommendation systems are a fundamental tool for hotels to adopt a differentiating competitive strategy. The main purpose of this work is to use machine learning techniques to treat imbalanced data sets, not applied until now in the tourism field. These techniques have allowed the authors to analyse the influence of imbalance data on hotel recommendation models and how this phenomenon affects client dissatisfaction.

An opinion survey was conducted among hotel customers of different categories in 120 different countries. A total of 135.102 surveys were collected over eleven quarters. A longitudinal design was conducted during this period. A binary logistic model was applied using the function generalized lineal model (GLM).

Through the analysis of a representative amount of data, the authors empirically demonstrate that the imbalance phenomenon is systematically present in hotel recommendation surveys. In addition, the authors show that the imbalance exists independently of the period in which the survey is done, which means that it is intrinsic to recommendation surveys on this topic. The authors demonstrate the improvement of recommendation systems highlighting the presence of imbalance data and consequences for marketing strategies.

The main contribution of the current work is to apply to the tourism sector the framework for imbalanced data, typically used in the machine learning, improving predictive models.

The Fourth International Online Conference followed the usual pattern of success established by its three predecessors. With over 900 delegates from 25 countries, it fully justifies its title as an International Conference. There was a rather higher proportion of continental delegates and a rather lower proportion of British ones than in previous years. This was no doubt due to the recession affecting the U.K. and to rumours that there will not be an Online Meeting in Germany in 1981. The conference followed its by now well established pattern. A plenary opening session with ‘big name’ speakers. Thereafter, a bewildering choice of either full papers, product reviews or the exhibition, with the odd poster session thrown in. Last year there were a large number of poster sessions, and they were extremely well attended, with lots of discussions taking place. This year, however, there were fewer of them, they were less well organised, being strung out along the edges of the Queen Mary Suite foyer and with very poor lighting. There was no exhibition in the foyer (unlike last year), so people were not browsing in the vicinity anyway. The quality of some of the poster displays left a lot to be desired. I got the feeling that an author is awarded a poster display if the paper is regarded as not being good enough to be a presented paper. The authors — or some of the authors, I should say — seemed to feel it wasn't worth the effort of going to a lot of trouble to do a good display having been awarded a consolation prize only. The organisers of the conference should think carefully about the role and purpose of poster sessions in future International Online Conferences.

This study aims to explore how women entrepreneurs in small businesses encounter digitalization and learn to use social media at work by combining theoretical perspectives from research on women entrepreneurs in small businesses, digitalization and use of social media and digital skills in response to calls from earlier research regarding women entrepreneurs' adaptation to an increasingly digitalized world.

Qualitative methods were applied including a total of 13 in-depth interviews in two phases, in 2017 and 2019, with 11 women entrepreneurs in nine small businesses, along with observations of their digital presence.

This study contributes with new insights regarding women entrepreneurs' behavior and ways to acquire digital skills to keep up the pace in digitalization. Learning by doing, informal learning and step-by-step self-development entrepreneurial behavior were practiced along with strategical recruiting of young digitally skilled employees, i.e. digital natives. Findings state that in order to remain competitive and generate business growth, women entrepreneurs constantly have to learn new skills to capture the potential of digitalization especially regarding the knowledge and use of social media. The women entrepreneurs emphasize challenges of digitalization as limited resources, constant need of new digital skills, digital stress or even burnout due to internal and external demands on online presence, scanning and maintenance of social media platforms. In contrast to earlier research, the women entrepreneurs did not express any significant gender stereotyping online, yet they strongly emphasized the continuous challenge of work––life balance.

This study contributes to an under-researched field with novel research combining theories from women entrepreneurship and information and communication technologies (ICTs) related to digitalization with a special focus on social media. Following the era of digitalization, the women entrepreneurs have to act as digital entrepreneurs finding new innovative ways of doing business. The importance of recruiting young digitally skilled employees in small businesses is vital for women entrepreneurs, since the needed learning and business development takes place when digital natives and digital immigrants work together.

Lockheed's Dialorder: document delivery at last. “From the early days of online database searching, we knew we were only wetting the appetites of users for information,” Dr. Roger Summit of Lockheed told Online Review. “As never before possible, users could rapidly search for and find references on a practically limitless number of topics. But the user was then very often frustrated at his or her inability to locate the original document in any reasonably convenient and effective manner. We believe Dialorder will go a long way toward satisfying user needs.”

Consumer purchasing behavior (CPB) plays a crucial role within the hospitality sector, specifically in restaurants situated in China, as it directly impacts the performance and profitability of businesses. In this context, there is a need to assess the factors influencing CPB. Therefore, this research seeks to inspect the influence of consumer attitudes (CA) on interpersonal influences (II) and CPB. Additionally, seeks to explore the mediation of II and the moderation of corporate social responsibility (CSR).

This study utilized cross-sectional data obtained through online surveys. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was employed.

The research unveils a substantial and positive association between CA, II and CPB. It also found that II partially mediates CA and CPB association. Moreover, CSR was identified as a moderator in the connection between CA and CPB.

The implications of this study are of great significance for companies operating in the hospitality industry. They indicate that cultivating favorable CA and promoting II, while considering CSR initiatives, can effectively augment overall purchasing behavior. As a result, it can contribute to the achievement of business success.

This study offers a unique perspective on the factors driving purchasing behavior, shedding light on how businesses can enhance their performance and profitability in this specific setting.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the different subcultures and the employees’ preparedness for change at an orthopaedic clinic in a university hospital in Sweden.

Surveys were sent out to 179 nurses and physicians. The survey included the two instruments Organisational Values Questionnaire and resistance to change (RTC) Scale.

The results suggest a dominance of a human relations culture, i.e. flexibility, cohesion and trust, in the orthopaedic clinic. These characteristics seemed to decrease RTC. Opposite to this, planning, routines and goal setting appeared to increase change-resistant behaviour.

By predicting potential obstacles in a certain context prior to a change process, resources can be used in a more optimal way. An instrument that pinpoints the culture of a particular healthcare setting may be a useful tool in order to anticipate the possible outcome of change.

The rational goal/internal processes dimension exerted a stronger association with RTC than in earlier studies. Deeply rooted standards and routinised care models, governed by work schedules, could be an obstacle to introducing a care model based on the individual needs of the patient. There was, however, a surprisingly low RTC. The results are contrary to the accepted understanding of public organisations known to be slow to change.