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How older workers pursue their employment discrimination claims is the focus of this study. This is part of the broader question of how older, unionized employees pursuing their statutory rights fare in litigation and how unions might organize and subsequently better protect older workers who have been discriminated against.

This study is a random sample of 1889 litigated age discrimination cases in Federal courts using NVivo to conduct a content analysis on unionization, individual, organizational and legal variables.

An analysis of case characteristics and outcomes in cases filed under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act indicated that older unionized workers pursuing their claims are more likely to have rulings in their favor. Other demographic characteristics of the cases in which unionized workers prevailed include seniority, disability, filing under Title VII and cases involving retaliation.

Importantly, empirical legal scholarship, using the case as the unit of analysis, will significantly add to the understanding of how age discrimination might be reduced through litigation. Empirical legal scholarship strategies would also suggest identifying labor tribunal or arbitration cases. Using content analysis would allow for a deep understanding at the micro level of the context that led to the charges of age (or other types) of discrimination.

This study offers evidence that union representation can add value when older employees are pursuing their rights in litigation.

This research focuses on individuals who have actually been discriminated against using empirical legal scholarship, content analysis and big data analytics.

A large earnings gap between men and women has persisted in the USA despite legislation intended to reduce it. One cause of this has been thought to be systematic marketplace undervaluing of tasks performed by women. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission sought to address this perceived inequity by reviving a 1940s concept, “comparable worth”. This article examines litigation that sought to enforce the legal requirement of “equal pay for comparable worth” and the implementation problems and controversies that ensue.

US consumers admit they are not knowledgeable about the global apparel industry; however, they hold positive beliefs about US apparel industry labour practices. Consumers have much less regard for the foreign industry. There is a slightly higher level of concern for US workers versus foreign workers. Governmental regulations, labelling and store boycotts are agreed upon solutions for abolishing sweatshops. Implications of consumers' beliefs and attitudes to the global apparel industry and governmental policy are discussed.

Service industries are undeniably important in the USA. They account for 72 percent of GNP and 76 percent of employment. In recent years, service firms have been experiencing a changing and increasingly competitive market place. Until now, few top management teams (TMTs) of service businesses have accorded all three aspects of market orientation (customer‐orientation, competitive orientation, and interfunctional co‐ordination) as much importance as have their colleagues in manufacturing. Using data obtained from a diverse set of service industries, e.g. law firms, accounting firms, automobile glass replacement specialists, medical group practices, and advertising companies, a structural equations model was developed and analyzed. Results revealed: a strong positive relationship between top management team (TMT) cohesiveness and market orientation; a strong positive relationship between both low environmental munificence and high dynamism with market orientation, and most significantly, a strong positive relationship between market orientation and organizational performance. The implications for service firms are clear: cohesive top management teams committed to implementing the marketing concept will have a competitive advantage ‐ no matter how unstable the competitive environment.

The proliferation of homelessness and housing precariousness, along with a dramatic growth in food banks, are two signs that while parts of the UK economy may be recovering from the 2008 financial crisis and recession, the same cannot be said for the living conditions of much of the poor and working class population. Much of the media discussion has centered on the ways in which these social ills have been caused by government policy, particularly cuts to social and welfare services introduced under the banner of “austerity.” I argue in this paper, however, that a narrow focus on austerity risks obscuring some of the longer-term structural transformations that have taken place under neoliberal capitalism, namely: (1) financialization and (2) the privatization of social reproduction. Situating these two trends within a longer history of capitalism, I argue, allows us to understand the contemporary housing and food crises as specific (and highly gendered) manifestations of a more fundamental contradiction between capital accumulation and progressive and sustainable forms of social reproduction. Doing so further helps to locate the dramatic proliferation of household debt, which has been supported by both processes, as both cause and consequence of the crisis in social reproduction faced by many UK households.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) training which was provided to community agency staff (N=18) implementing DBT in the community with street-involved youth.

Staff participated in a multi-component approach to training which consisted of webinars, online training, self-study manuals, and ongoing peer consultation. To evaluate assess the effectiveness of the training, questionnaires assessing evaluating DBT skills knowledge, behavioral anticipation and confidence, and DBT skills use, were completed at baseline, immediately post-training, four to six months post-training, and 12-16 months post-training. Additionally, the mental health outcomes for youth receiving the DBT intervention are reported to support the effectiveness of the training outcomes.

Results demonstrate that the DBT skills, knowledge, and confidence of community agency staff improved significantly from pre to post-training and that knowledge and confidence were sustained over time. Additionally, the training was clinically effective as demonstrated by the significant improvement in mental health outcomes for street-involved youth participating in the intervention.

Findings suggest that this evidence-based intervention can be taught to a range of staff working in community service agencies providing care to street-involved youth and that the intervention can be delivered effectively.

These findings help to close the knowledge-practice gap between evidence-based treatment (EBT) research and practice while promoting the implementation of EBT in the community to enhance positive youth outcomes.

This review identifies low self-concept clarity (SCC) as a source of consumer vulnerabilities and explains how the uncertainty associated with low SCC leads to processes that result in materialistic behaviors and overspending, product dissatisfaction, and potential self-harm. Processes include uncertainty reduction efforts through symbolic self-completion and social comparison, responses to everyday self-concept threats that result in feelings of deficiency and reduced consumption constraints, and susceptibility to interpersonal and marketer influences. In addition, the negative association between SCC and materialism is explained, risk factors for low SCC are described, and the need for research to help low SCC consumers deal with their vulnerabilities is explored.

The children's room in my hometown library in Marion, Ohio, was a bright, comforting site, with low shelves of colorful books on every imaginable topic and a desk where kids could, under the librarian's careful guidance, use a red date‐due stamp to check out their own books.