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Article
Publication date: 29 October 2019

Mark E. Hopkins and Oksana L. Zavalina

A new approach to investigate serendipitous knowledge discovery (SKD) of health information is developed and tested to evaluate the information flow-serendipitous knowledge…

298

Abstract

Purpose

A new approach to investigate serendipitous knowledge discovery (SKD) of health information is developed and tested to evaluate the information flow-serendipitous knowledge discovery (IF-SKD) model. The purpose of this paper is to determine the degree to which IF-SKD reflects physicians’ information behaviour in a clinical setting and explore how the information system, Spark, designed to support physicians’ SKD, meets its goals.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed pre-experimental study design employs an adapted version of the McCay-Peet’s (2013) and McCay-Peet et al.’s (2015) serendipitous digital environment (SDE) questionnaire research tool to address the complexity associated with defining the way in which SKD is understood and applied in system design. To test the IF-SKD model, the new data analysis approach combining confirmatory factor analysis, data imputation and Monte Carlo simulations was developed.

Findings

The piloting of the proposed novel analysis approach demonstrated that small sample information behaviour survey data can be meaningfully examined using a confirmatory factor analysis technique.

Research limitations/implications

This method allows to improve the reliability in measuring SKD and the generalisability of findings.

Originality/value

This paper makes an original contribution to developing and refining methods and tools of research into information-system-supported serendipitous discovery of information by health providers.

Details

Aslib Journal of Information Management, vol. 71 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-3806

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Article
Publication date: 24 February 2012

Jason Davies, Mark Hopkins, Mark Campisi and Richard G. Maggs

The purpose of this paper is to describe a not‐for‐profit (third sector) social care facility designed to provide tenancy and high‐relational support and report an initial…

240

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe a not‐for‐profit (third sector) social care facility designed to provide tenancy and high‐relational support and report an initial multi‐method evaluation of service inputs (what staff provide/facilitate); tenant outcomes; and views of the service.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were gathered using routine information collected on a daily basis over the course of a year, semi‐structured interviews and pre‐post testing.

Findings

Support needs vary over time and across tenants, with almost all support provided during waking hours. With appropriate support the health and wellbeing, personal and community safety, independence and social integration of all the tenants was maintained or enhanced using this social care model. The service was well received and would benefit from being replicated.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is based on data from a small number of individuals and relates to a single setting.

Originality/value

High‐relational support delivered by not‐for‐profit social care providers can be effective, sustainable and cost efficient for those with complex, enduring and severe mental health problems. This paper shows that such services can significantly improve the social inclusion experienced by individuals within them.

Details

Mental Health and Social Inclusion, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-8308

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1908

So far as the law is concerned, the Medical Officer of Health has only the slenderest connection with the execution of the Adulteration Acts. He is simply a person who may, in…

304

Abstract

So far as the law is concerned, the Medical Officer of Health has only the slenderest connection with the execution of the Adulteration Acts. He is simply a person who may, in common with the Sanitary Inspector and the police constable, purchase samples under the Acts and submit them to the Public Analyst. Having done this, he is entitled to receive a certificate of analysis just like any other purchaser who may submit a sample under the provisions of the Acts, and there the matter ends.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 10 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2004

Mark A. Hopkins

The ice pack covering the Arctic basin is composed of a multitude of ice parcels of different areas, ages, thicknesses, and deformation histories that are frozen together into…

703

Abstract

The ice pack covering the Arctic basin is composed of a multitude of ice parcels of different areas, ages, thicknesses, and deformation histories that are frozen together into larger plates that combine and break apart in response to the demands of ever changing boundary conditions and forcing. Current Arctic sea ice models are Eulerian continuum models that use a plastic yield surface to characterize the constitutive behavior of the pack. An alternative is to adopt a discontinuous Lagrangian approach, based on a discrete element model and explicitly simulate individual ice parcels and the interactions between them. The mechanics of the Lagrangian sea ice model are outlined in detail along with the methods that will be used for validation.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 21 no. 2/3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 1909

The use of boron compounds or other preservatives of the nature of drugs in cream is alleged to be necessary mainly for two reasons, namely, long distance transit leading to a…

35

Abstract

The use of boron compounds or other preservatives of the nature of drugs in cream is alleged to be necessary mainly for two reasons, namely, long distance transit leading to a considerable lapse of time between despatch and consumption, and the uncertainty attaching to the disposal of consignments of perishable and valuable material in a fresh or apparently fresh condition.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 11 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2001

John C. Butler

Many universities and colleges seem to be serious about exploring the potential of using technology in the classroom as a way to facilitate the creation of learning environments…

406

Abstract

Many universities and colleges seem to be serious about exploring the potential of using technology in the classroom as a way to facilitate the creation of learning environments. Changes in attitudes and policies must take place if these institutions wish to ensure that their best faculty are engaged in the process. Universities usually value original research over research that leads to understanding that produces competence. It is incumbent upon those who would classify themselves as researchers in the latter category to take the lead in defining how one assesses whether students have in fact gained a level of understanding that produces competence. Failure to do so and leave the process up to the university as a whole will probably ensure that the initiative is abandoned or that it dies a slow death because competent faculty are not involved.

Details

Campus-Wide Information Systems, vol. 18 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1065-0741

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Article
Publication date: 21 August 2009

John F. Peters, Mark A. Hopkins, Raju Kala and Ronald E. Wahl

The purpose of this paper is to present a simple non‐symmetric shape, the poly‐ellipsoid, to describe particles in discrete element simulations that incur a computational cost…

916

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a simple non‐symmetric shape, the poly‐ellipsoid, to describe particles in discrete element simulations that incur a computational cost similar to ellipsoidal particles.

Design/methodology/approach

Particle shapes are derived from joining octants of eight ellipsoids, each having different aspect ratios, across their respective principal planes to produce a compound surface that is continuous in both surface coordinate and normal direction. Because each octant of the poly‐ellipsoid is described as an ellipsoid, the mathematical representation of the particle shape can be in the form of either an implicit function or as parametric equations.

Findings

The particle surface is defined by six parameters (vs the 24 parameters required to define the eight component ellipsoids) owing to dependencies among parameters that must be imposed to create continuous intersections. Despite the complexity of the particle shapes, the particle mass, centroid and moment of inertia tensor can all be computed in closed form.

Practical implications

The particle can be implemented in any contact algorithm designed for ellipsoids with minor modifications to determine in which pair of octants the potential contact occurs.

Originality/value

The poly‐ellipsoid particle is a computational device to represent non‐spherical particles in DEM models.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 26 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2004

Mark A. Hopkins

A new contact detection technique for discrete element modeling is described. This technique is suitable for a large family of particle shapes that are based on the dilation…

968

Abstract

A new contact detection technique for discrete element modeling is described. This technique is suitable for a large family of particle shapes that are based on the dilation process from mathematical morphology. In the dilation process an arbitrary shape is dilated by placing the center of a sphere of fixed diameter at every point in the basic shape. Defining a contact between two objects in this class is equivalent to determining which spheres amongst the infinite number that compose each object is in contact. The algorithm is derived for general ellipsoidal particles and demonstrated with a series of biaxial deformation simulations using a range of ellipsoidal particle shapes.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 21 no. 2/3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 28 April 2014

Mark A. Hopkins

– The purpose of this paper is to present a new and efficient technique for discrete element modelling using non-convex polyhedral grain shapes.

247

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a new and efficient technique for discrete element modelling using non-convex polyhedral grain shapes.

Design/methodology/approach

The efficiency of the technique follows from the use of grains that are dilated versions of the basic polyhedral grain shapes. Dilation of an arbitrary polyhedral grain is accomplished by placing the center of a sphere of fixed radius at every point on the surface. The dilated vertices become sphere segments and the edges become cylinder segments. The sharpness of the vertices and edges can be adjusted by varying the dilation radius. Contacts between two dilated polyhedral grains can be grouped into three categories; vertex on surface, vertex on edge, and edge on edge, or in the grammar of the model, sphere on polygonal surface, sphere on cylinder, and cylinder on cylinder. Simple, closed-form solutions exist for each of these cases.

Findings

The speed of the proposed polyhedral discrete element model is compared to similar models using spherical and ellipsoidal grains. The polyhedral code is found to run about 40 percent as fast as an equivalent code using spherical grains and about 80 percent as fast as an equivalent code using ellipsoidal grains. Finally, several applications of the polyhedral model are illustrated.

Originality/value

Few examples of discrete element modeling studies in the literature use polyhedral grains. This dearth is because of the perceived complexity of the polyhedral coding challenges and the slow speed of the codes compared to codes for other grain shapes. This paper presents a much simpler approach to discrete element modeling using polyhedral grain shapes.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 31 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1962

L. JOLLEY

‘There are,’ we are told by a one‐time Professor of English Literature at Yale, ‘three distinguishing marks of a university—a group of students, a corps of instructors, and a…

381

Abstract

‘There are,’ we are told by a one‐time Professor of English Literature at Yale, ‘three distinguishing marks of a university—a group of students, a corps of instructors, and a collection of books; and of these three the most important is the collection of books.’

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 18 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

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