Mark Ho, Guan Heng Yeoh, John Arthur Reizes and Victoria Timchenko
Interface distinct two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations require accurate tracking in surface curvature, surface area and volume fraction data to precisely…
Abstract
Purpose
Interface distinct two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations require accurate tracking in surface curvature, surface area and volume fraction data to precisely calculate effects such as surface tension, interphase momentum and interphase heat and mass transfer exchanges. To attain a higher level of accuracy in two-phase flow CFD simulations, the intersection marker (ISM) method was developed. The ISM method has cell-by-cell remeshing capability that is volume conservative, maintains surface continuity and is suited for the tracking of interface deformation in transient two-phase flow simulations. Studies of isothermal single bubbles rising in quiescent water were carried out to test the ISM method for two-phase flow simulations.
Design/methodology/approach
The ISM method is a hybrid Lagrangian–Eulerian front tracking algorithm which can model an arbitrary three-dimensional surface within an array of cubic control volumes. Fortran95 was used to implement the ISM method, which resulted in approximately 25,000+ lines of written code and comments. To demonstrate the feasibility of the ISM algorithm for two-phase flow simulations, the ISM algorithm was coupled with an in-house CFD code, which was modified to simulate two-phase flows using a single fluid formulation. The constitutional equations incorporated terms of variable density and viscosity. In addition, body force source terms were included in the momentum equation to account for surface tension and buoyancy effects.
Findings
The performance of two-phase flow simulations was benchmarked against experimental data for four air/water bubbles with 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mm of diameter rising in quiescent fluid. A variety of bubble sizes were tested to demonstrate the accuracy of the ISM interface tracking method. The results attained were in close agreement with experimental observations.
Practical implications
The results obtained show that the ISM method is a viable means for interface tracking of two-phase flow CFD simulations. Other applications of the ISM method include simulations of solid–fluid interaction and other immersed boundary flow problems.
Originality/value
The ISM method is a novel approach to front tracking, and the results shown are original in content.
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Automatic target recognition in agricultural harvesting robots is characterized by low detection rates and high false alarm rates due to the unstructured nature of both the…
Abstract
Automatic target recognition in agricultural harvesting robots is characterized by low detection rates and high false alarm rates due to the unstructured nature of both the environment and the objects. To improve detection human‐robot collaboration levels were defined and implemented. The collaboration level is defined as the level of system autonomy or the level at which the human operator (HO) interacts with the system. Experimental results on images taken in the field indicate that collaboration of HO and robot increases detection and reduces the time required for detection.
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Esther Cheung and Albert P.C. Chan
Hong Kong has undergone a rapid transformation from a small fishing village to one of Asia's top commercial cities. With the booming economic development that it has undergone…
Abstract
Purpose
Hong Kong has undergone a rapid transformation from a small fishing village to one of Asia's top commercial cities. With the booming economic development that it has undergone, heritage has been criticised as largely neglected. To respond to this criticism proactively, the local government introduced a “Revitalising Historic Buildings through Partnership Scheme” which is considered an innovative social public‐private partnership initiative. However, it is still early stages and the effectiveness of this scheme is yet to be evaluated. The purpose of this paper is therefore to evaluate the success of this innovative scheme by means of a case study.
Design/methodology/approach
The case study approach has been adopted to analyse the effectiveness of this scheme. The Mei Ho House is a Grade I listed building marking the history of early public housing in Hong Kong. This project was studied thoroughly by looking at the historical background, the selected service provider, project details, historical significance, social benefits and public opinion.
Findings
The findings indicate that the scheme has been implemented effectively to revitalize historical buildings such as Mei Ho House. Efforts have been made to preserve these buildings into innovative use, uplift local culture and social benefits. In addition, an effective partnership arrangement between the public and private parties has been established.
Originality/value
The analyses will help to assess whether the proposed scheme has been successfully implemented. As a result, the suitability of using this scheme for future projects in Hong Kong or even other jurisdictions will be recommended. The proposed scheme will be an innovative and alternative approach for preserving and restoring historical buildings if proved to be feasible.
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In October, 1902, the Secretary of the Mineral Water Bottle Exchange and Trade Protection Society addressed a letter to the Clerk of the London County Council stating that aerated…
Abstract
In October, 1902, the Secretary of the Mineral Water Bottle Exchange and Trade Protection Society addressed a letter to the Clerk of the London County Council stating that aerated and mineral waters are, in many instances, manufactured under insanitary conditions, and suggesting that the Council should take action in the matter. The Public Health Committee of the Council thereupon directed that a number of premises where aerated waters are manufactured should be inspected, and, in February, 1903, Dr. Shirley Murphy, the Medical Officer to the Council, presented a report drawn up by Dr. Hamer, the Assistant Medical Officer, by whom the inspections ordered were carried out. Dr. Hamer came to the conclusion that it was most desirable in the interests of the consumer that the manufacture of aerated waters in London should be regulated and controlled. The quantity of aerated water sold in London is very large, and Dr. Hamer's inspection of numerous premises showed that there are many possible sources of dangerous contamination of the water used during the process of the manufacture. We are in a position to state that Dr. Hamer was thoroughly justified in drawing the conclusions which appear in his report. The enormous growth in popularity during recent years of aerated and mineral waters, while unquestionably fraught with a most important influence for good, has brought a number of firms into existence who manufacture more or less inferior and, in some instances, positively injurious and dangerous waters, and who place their products on the market at “cutting” prices, with the result that the honest and careful manufacturer on the one hand, and the public on the other, are made to suffer. Unfair “competition” of the kind referred to exists, of course, in every trade, and only by the authoritative approval of the good and, by implication, the authoritative condemnation of the bad, can such “competition” be effectively checked. But where the health of the consumer is directly threatened or affected, as it particularly is by the supply of inferior or actually injurious aerated waters, the necessity for adequate regulation and control is immediately obvious. The matter cannot be dealt with under the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts. It is not one involving analysis only but, so far as analysis is concerned, the provisions of the Acts make it impossible to carry out the analytical investigations that would be required. In addition to the official registration of all manufacturers of mineral and aerated waters, a combination of inspection and analysis by an authoritative bedy of some kind, or by a recognised individual authority, is necessary to supply a sufficient guarantee to the public and efficient protection to the manufacturer and vendor of pure and high‐class waters.
Foo Nin Ho and Mark Patrick Gallagher
The purpose of this project was to explore and identify factors that influence a consumer to purchase wine during an afternoon of product sampling (wine tasting). A panel of…
Abstract
The purpose of this project was to explore and identify factors that influence a consumer to purchase wine during an afternoon of product sampling (wine tasting). A panel of consumers was recruited for an afternoon of wine tasting at vineyards in Napa, California. Several potential hedonistic, utilitarian and logistical factors (i.e. winery facilities, quality of the wine and order in which the winery was visited) were measured using a journal log that was maintained by participants following the tasting experience for a period of one‐month. The conclusions drawn from this study were that group size, confidence in one's ability to purchase wine and overall assessment of a vineyard's wine portfolio were more important than the hedonistic factors in terms of inducing a sale immediately following a taste.
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Melinda Hodkiewicz and Mark Tien-Wei Ho
The purpose of this paper is to identify quality issues with using historical work order (WO) data from computerised maintenance management systems for reliability analysis; and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify quality issues with using historical work order (WO) data from computerised maintenance management systems for reliability analysis; and develop an efficient and transparent process to correct these data quality issues to ensure data is fit for purpose in a timely manner.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper develops a rule-based approach to data cleansing and demonstrates the process on data for heavy mobile equipment from a number of organisations.
Findings
Although historical WO records frequently contain missing or incorrect functional location, failure mode, maintenance action and WO status fields the authors demonstrate it is possible to make these records fit for purpose by using data in the freeform text fields; an understanding of the maintenance tactics and practices at the operation; and knowledge of where the asset is in its life cycle. The authors demonstrate that it is possible to have a repeatable and transparent process to deal with the data cleaning activities.
Originality/value
How engineers deal with raw maintenance data and the decisions they make in order to produce a data set for reliability analysis is seldom discussed in detail. Assumptions and actions are often left undocumented. This paper describes typical data cleaning decisions we all have to make as a routine part of the analysis and presents a process to support the data cleaning decisions in a repeatable and transparent fashion.
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Jagjit Singh Dhatterwal, Kuldeep Singh Kaswan, Dr Preety and Balamurugan Balusamy
Purpose: The primary objective of this investigation is to determine the importance of big data, machine learning, and systems integration in the creation, production, and…
Abstract
Purpose: The primary objective of this investigation is to determine the importance of big data, machine learning, and systems integration in the creation, production, and promotion of the corporation’s life insurance products marketed in India overall designated insurance carriers. It is also necessary to investigate the function of these instruments in the sectors financial designed and operated managing approaches.
Methodology: The approach used for this analysis is mainly connected to evolutionary and exploratory research. Secondary information is used to obtain the necessary data for the study topic. Secondary data included scientific papers and videos supplied by specialists in diverse domains.
Findings: In this chapter, the authors explain the financial function of large data sets, computer sciences, and content marketing modelling and simulation in the designing, developing, and deploying financial products. The researcher investigated the sale of life insurance plans in India. Insurance Governing Planning Commission is a controlling organisation from the Government of India that oversees all registered insurance businesses in India. Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDAI) regulates a total of 60 businesses. Thirty-four are in the commercial banking industry, 24 are in the life insurance industry, and 2 are more significant than the average total cost.
Practical implication: Data analytics approaches in financial technological processes and private insurers are helping them increase their business turnovers, collections, and revenue. Similarly, big analysis of data is becoming increasingly important in corporate finance in the life insurance industry, particularly in improving operations, as well as attempting to address numerous problems such as how to optimise marketing strategies and how to enhance customer experience, which has resulted in the most significant goal of improving operational efficiency in the financial industry.
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Rahmat Aris Pratomo, Zumrotul Islamiah and Bimario Eka Bhaskara
The potential for massive economic growth exists in Samarinda City due to the intensification of activities in built-up areas. This suggests the potential for increased urban…
Abstract
Purpose
The potential for massive economic growth exists in Samarinda City due to the intensification of activities in built-up areas. This suggests the potential for increased urban disease in the relocation of Indonesia’s new capital city to a location adjacent to Samarinda. One of the most striking impacts is the urban heat island (UHI). The increase in this phenomenon can be addressed effectively and efficiently through the provision and arrangement of appropriate vegetation-based actions. Therefore, this study aims to identify priority areas of green open space (GOS) based on UHI levels. In addition, this study also aims to present alternative mitigation measures to reduce the risk of disasters due to UHI.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-method approach was used in this research, involving an initial land surface temperature analysis to identify the UHI class. This analysis was complemented by quantitative spatial analyses, such as scoring, overlay and intersect methods, to determine the priority level class and the typology of GOS priority. A qualitative analysis was also conducted through data triangulation or comparison methods, such as examining existing land use, GOS priority maps and spatial plan policies.
Findings
The findings show that the total UHI area in Samarinda City was 6,936.4 ha in 2019 and is divided into three classifications. In Class 1, the UHI area is very dominant, reaching 87% of the total area. Meanwhile, the main results identified two priority classes of GOS in Samarinda, namely, the medium and high categories with an area of 960.43 ha and 113.57 ha, respectively. The results also showed that there were 17 typologies associated with five alternative mitigation measures: green industry, greening parking lots, improving urban green infrastructure and buildings, urban greening and mining restoration.
Research limitations/implications
Specific to assessing UHI, image data were available only in medium spatial resolution, leading to a consequence of detailed accuracy. In addition, since the determination of mitigation considered local policies, the method should be used in other locations requiring adjustments to existing regulations, specifically those related to spatial planning.
Originality/value
This study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the UHI phenomenon in Indonesia, especially in the urban areas of Kalimantan Island. In addition, the study presents new insights into alternative mitigation actions to reduce the risk of UHI. Innovatively, this study introduces a typology of regions associated with appropriate alternative mitigation actions, making it an important achievement for the first time in the context of this study.
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Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine both the population balance approach based on the MUltiple SIze Group (MUSIG) model and the average bubble number density transport equation (ABND) model for 3D, low pressure, gas‐liquid, subcooled boiling, vertical flows. The purpose is to assess the ability of both models to predict the radial profile of void fraction, bubble Sauter mean diameter and interfacial area concentration which characterise subcooled boiling.
Design/methodology/approach
Improvement in the ABND model to simulate gas‐liquid bubbly flows with heat transfer was achieved by combining the condensation expression with the gaseous mass transport equation within the CFD commercial code CFX4.4.
Findings
Overall, both the ABND model and the MUSIG model provided good results in terms of the above‐mentioned criteria when compared against experimental measurements. However, the ABND model was found to have limitations in predicting high‐subcooled boiling flows due to the lack of bubble size resolution to adequately capture the effect of condensation over a range of bubbles sizes.
Originality/value
It is shown that the ABND model provides an economic alternative to the MUSIG model in terms of complexity and computational time, as long as one is aware of the limitations in simulating high‐subcooling flow regimes.
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Muhammad Sabbir Rahman, Fadi Abdel Muniem Abdel Fattah, Mahmud Zaman and Hasliza Hassan
The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of service quality, customer’s satisfaction and religiosity on customer’s patronage decision toward health insurance…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of service quality, customer’s satisfaction and religiosity on customer’s patronage decision toward health insurance products. The paper also assesses the influence of religiosity on customer’s patronage decision. The influence of customers’ satisfaction as mediation between service quality and customer’s patronage decision was also measured.
Design/methodology/approach
A structured questionnaire was developed and administered to a sample of 200 respondents. This research applied the exploratory factor analysis, the confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses.
Findings
The findings indicate that customers’ religiosity behavior has a significant influence on customer’s patronage decision for selecting health insurance products. The results also indicated that the role of customer’s satisfaction as a mediator in between the relationship of service quality and customer’s patronage decision is significant.
Research limitations/implications
This research is a cross-sectional study consisting of 200 respondents. In addition, the elements of the sample were Malaysian customers using health insurance products and services.
Practical implications
This study suggests that customers of health insurance products are more concerned with perceived service quality and perceived satisfaction. The role of religiosity also plays a dominant role. As a result, managers of the health insurance service providers need to focus more on benefits of service varieties centered toward their target customers in order to gain higher patronage decision of health insurance products.
Originality/value
The study sought to address the gap of religiosity aspects in health insurance products through intensive literature and offer a conceptual framework that tested service quality, customer’s satisfaction and religiosity in one integrated model under the perspective of health insurance industry. More importantly, it also examines the influence of religiosity on patronage behavior, thus shedding insights into the opportunities for understanding consumers in detail.