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To describe some of the challenges that the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will face in requiring that high-frequency traders register as dealers.

This paper provides a brief overview of the dealer-trader distinction, an analytical framework under which some high-frequency traders have avoided registration with the SEC as dealers. It then explains the difficulties the SEC will encounter in bringing high-frequency traders within its regulatory umbrella as dealers. In particular, the paper outlines some of the interpretive challenges the SEC encounter as well as challenges to justifying the economics of any proposal.

While the SEC has yet to formally propose rules in this area, the interpretive vehicle it uses could have repercussions for other market participants that rely on the dealer-trader distinction to avoid having to register as dealers with the SEC.

The paper provides practical insights into the issues the SEC will have to address if it proposes to bring high-frequency traders within its regulatory umbrella as dealers. In addition, it provides a concise overview of the dealer-trader distinction based on statements by the SEC and its staff.

This chapter examines the emergence of India as a site for surrogacy, which has led intended parents from all over the world to contract with Indian gestational surrogates to carry “their” babies for them. Through participant observation in a surrogacy workshop, interviews with American intended parents, and interviews with Indian surrogates, I show how ideologies of normative, nuclear families built around genetically similar children, drives American consumers' desires to seek fertility intervention, and, finally, surrogacy. In India, gender ideologies shape the contours of an inexpensive, compliant labor force of surrogate mothers.

Presents suggested titles for libraries to obtain, selected from the 2001 Poets House Showcase at which 1,300 books of poetry from various publishers were displayed. Suggests a further source of information in this field.

This paper aims to compare and contrast quality improvement in the domain of health care disparities with quality improvement in other domains.

The author provides a descriptive essay and review to put forward the findings of their research.

In the USA, health care quality improvement systems have largely been accepted and institutionalized. Most if not all hospital and health care systems now have quality monitoring and improvement teams. In contrast, despite a plethora of stark reports in the literature showing that the US health care system has failed to deliver health care with equity when the care of Whites is compared with that of racial and ethnic minorities, there is not a parallel health care disparities improvement system in most health care settings.

Paralleling many steps that have been taken to improve quality in general, health care workers and health systems must take steps to improve structures and processes of care to reduce health care disparities.

Pinpoints some important distinctions between improving structures and processes of care related to health care disparities, and those related to other aspects of quality improvement. Doing so will save lives, and in the process improve overall quality.