Manjistha Datta, Sujita Kumar Kar and S.M. Yasir Arafat
Suicide in prisons accounts for about half of all prison deaths globally. A bibliometric analysis would indicate research output and potential contributors in the sector, which…
Abstract
Purpose
Suicide in prisons accounts for about half of all prison deaths globally. A bibliometric analysis would indicate research output and potential contributors in the sector, which has not been conducted previously. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a bibliometric analysis to understand the patterns, trends and gaps in research on this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
The PubMed database was searched by using the terms: (suicide) AND ((Prison) OR (prisoner) OR (incarceration)). A bibliometric analysis was done with the help of Harvard Catalyst, PubMed PubReMiner and biblioshiny.
Findings
A total of 1,683 publications were identified in the PubMed database from 1949 to 2024, with an annual growth rate of 4.4% and a Hirsch index of 46. Journal articles were the top publications with the highest number in the journal Crisis. The USA published the highest number of articles, and countries with low income showed much less production.
Originality/value
Prison suicide is not well-researched worldwide. The majority of the studies are published in high-income countries. An interdisciplinary outlook and more intervention-based and longitudinal studies are required in this field. Importantly, more research in low- and middle-income countries is required to understand mental health issues and prevent suicide in prisons.
Details
Keywords
Everyone is extremely concerned about environmental protection and health safety due to the rise in living standards. Plant-derived natural dyes have garnered much industrial…
Abstract
Purpose
Everyone is extremely concerned about environmental protection and health safety due to the rise in living standards. Plant-derived natural dyes have garnered much industrial attention in food, pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetics, etc. owing to their health and environmental benefits. The present study aims to focus on the elimination of the use of synthetic dyes and provides brief information about natural dyes, their sources, extraction procedures with characterization and various advantages and disadvantages.
Design/methodology/approach
In producing natural colors, extraction and purification are essential steps. Various conventional methods used till date have a low yield, as these consume a lot of solvent volume, time, labor and energy or may destroy the coloring behavior of the actual molecules. The establishment of proper characterization and certification protocols for natural dyes would improve the yielding of natural dyes and benefit both producers and users.
Findings
However, scientists have found modern extraction methods to obtain maximum color yield. They are also modifying the fabric surface to appraise its uptake behavior of color. Various extraction techniques such as solvent, aqueous, enzymatic and fermentation and extraction with microwave or ultrasonic energy, supercritical fluid extraction and alkaline or acid extraction are currently available for these natural dyes and are summarized in the present review article.
Originality/value
If natural dye availability can be increased by the different extraction measures and the cost of purified dyes can be brought down with a proper certification mechanism, there is a wide scope for the adoption of these dyes by small-scale dyeing units.