Sreeram Sivaramakrishnan, Mala Srivastava and Anupam Rastogi
The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of factors such as financial literacy on a consumer’s investment decisions, particularly in the stock market. Based on two…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of factors such as financial literacy on a consumer’s investment decisions, particularly in the stock market. Based on two empirical studies, the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was used to understand stock market participation (SMP) in India while developing a model to represent the relationships between the various factors. Consumer financial literacy was conceptualised to be a part of perceived behavioural control and included in the TPB.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed methods research was followed where qualitative research preceded a quantitative survey-based study. In-depth interviews were conducted with investors and experts, results of which, when combined with the literature review, revealed seven variables including financial literacy which were pooled into three distinct groups based on the TPB. Responses obtained from 506 retail investors from four cities in India were analysed. Structural equation modelling was used to test the models and arrive at a final empirical model.
Findings
Results of the study indicated that investment intention predicts actual investments in the stock market (which represented behaviour). Financial literacy – both subjective and objective – were also found to be significant influencers on intention while only objective financial literacy seemed to affect behaviour. Three variables – perception of regulator, risk avoidance, and hassle factor – were combined to form a second-order construct which was named “Attitude to Investment Behaviour”. This had a negative impact on intention to invest in the equity markets. Financial well-being seemed to have a negative impact on intention while having a positive relationship with behaviour.
Practical implications
The results present significant investor behaviour and policy implications for financial services marketing. Some interventions, especially in the area of consumer financial literacy, are more likely than others to help consumers bridge the gap between non-participation and participation in the stock market.
Originality/value
The study makes a contribution to investor behaviour theory in the form of a comprehensive model to explain SMP in an emerging market. This can be further tested across geographies.
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Rakhi Thakur and Mala Srivastava
The purpose of this paper is to accomplish two objectives – to test the functional relationship between adoption readiness (AR), perceived risk (PR) and usage intention for mobile…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to accomplish two objectives – to test the functional relationship between adoption readiness (AR), perceived risk (PR) and usage intention for mobile payments in India and to investigate the stability of proposed structural relationships across different customer groups.
Design/methodology/approach
The literature concerning major attributes of technology acceptance were systematically reviewed to develop construct of AR. Post that a comprehensive model consisting of AR, personal innovativeness and PR was put together. The model was then empirically tested using structural equation modelling.
Findings
On appraising the proposed model, five out of six hypotheses were fully supported while one hypothesis was partially supported. Test of invariance showed significant variance among users and non-users.
Research limitations/implications
The results of the study may vary with national context, service offerings, regulatory framework and other customer personal variables (i.e. lifestyle) suggesting future research opportunities.
Practical implications
The results facilitate the comprehension of the role of different factors on the mobile payments usage intention among customers. In addition, the results expand the knowledge on consumer behaviour towards financial technological innovations.
Originality/value
The results expand one's knowledge on this relationship, propounding interesting empirical evidence of the model invariance among different consumer groups.
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Rakhi Thakur and Mala Srivastava
The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically test a conceptual model to establish how consumer innovativeness can be used as a variable to positively influence online…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically test a conceptual model to establish how consumer innovativeness can be used as a variable to positively influence online retailing adoption intention both directly and reducing consumer perceived risk (PR).
Design/methodology/approach
The literature concerning personal innovativeness toward information technology and major components of PR have been systematically reviewed to develop a conceptual model. The impact of innovativeness and PR on online shopping adoption intention has been empirically validated by structural equation modeling using a sample of 433 internet users in India.
Findings
Results reveals consumer innovativeness as a key construct to improve online retail adoption intention both directly and by its effective role in reducing consumer risk perception of using internet channel for making purchase of physical goods.
Originality/value
There is a lack of studies which connect consumer innovativeness and PR in the online retailing context especially in Indian scenario. The results expand one’s knowledge on this relationship, propounding interesting empirical evidence of the model among current and potential online shoppers.
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Rakhi Thakur and Mala Srivastava
Mobile commerce is a broad term used for mobile banking, mobile ticketing, mobile coupons, purchasing of goods and services using mobile phones. Considering mobile penetration and…
Abstract
Purpose
Mobile commerce is a broad term used for mobile banking, mobile ticketing, mobile coupons, purchasing of goods and services using mobile phones. Considering mobile penetration and changing lifestyles of the Indian population, it has huge potential. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors influencing the adoption intention of mobile commerce.
Design/methodology/approach
For the study, a research model was developed based on constructs from the technology acceptance model and innovation resistance theory and a literature review on research related to usage intention of similar technologies which was then empirically tested using second generation statistical technique of SEM.
Findings
Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and social influence are found to be significant dimensions of technology adoption readiness to use mobile commerce while facilitating conditions were not found to be significant. The results also indicate perceived credibility risk defined by security risk and privacy risk is significantly associated with behavioural intention in negative relation, which indicates that security and privacy concerns are important in deterring customers from using mobile commerce.
Research limitations/implications
This study proposed and validated a new construct – technology adoption readiness. The study developed an integrated model for behavioural intention towards financial innovations.
Practical implications
Knowing the factors affecting customers' behaviour towards mobile commerce and the relationship between these factors, various banks, merchants and mobile service providers can develop their marketing strategies to ensure that people use this new service. This in turn will influence the behavioural intention and change these intentions to actual adoption of this new technology.
Originality/value
This study is one of the few empirical studies which have investigated the adoption of mobile commerce in India, which is considered one of the fastest growing countries in terms of mobile usage. The study relates to inclusion of both utilitarian and credibility aspect of adoption intention. It gives an empirical basis on which mobile and banking companies can base their mobile payments marketing strategy.
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Sunil Budhiraja, Biju Varkkey and Stephen McKenna
The purpose of the study is twofold: (1) it captures the work–life balance (WLB) experiences of front-office employees to inductively classify a set of WLB indicators for the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study is twofold: (1) it captures the work–life balance (WLB) experiences of front-office employees to inductively classify a set of WLB indicators for the locally owned Indian luxury hotels and (2) it further examines the existing WLB practices of the select hotels with the lens of talent management (TM) approach of key human resource management (HRM) practices (Thunnissen, 2016).
Design/methodology/approach
To explore and classify WLB indicators, an exploratory, qualitative approach is utilized by administering seven focus group discussions involving 70 front-office employees working in Indian luxury hotels. Seven in-depth interviews with HR professionals were triangulated with secondary data to capture and analyse the existing WLB practices of sampled organizations.
Findings
Four clusters of WLB indicators that are grounded in the lived experiences of front-office employees are identified and presented. Interview data from human resource representatives unveil that hotels consider existing WLB practices as key HRM practices with an inclusive TM approach. The findings also surface the differences in expectations of front-office employees and WLB practices followed by the hotels.
Research limitations/implications
First, the paper addresses the issue of WLB from employees’ perspective which is crucial for designing effective WLB practices. Second, the paper contributes to the existing TM literature from the perspective of WLB practices.
Originality/value
The originality of the study is grounded in the employees’ lived experiences to classify the WLB indicators for India and further examine the WLB practices through the lens of the TM approach.
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Internal migration has grown intensively in India in the present decades, far greater than international migration, though the latter has received far more attention in literature…
Abstract
Purpose
Internal migration has grown intensively in India in the present decades, far greater than international migration, though the latter has received far more attention in literature and public policy. Among internal migrants, seasonal movement is another growing phenomenon in India which has received the least attention till now. The purpose of the study is to show the intensities of short-term morbidity and major morbidity among the rural and urban internal migrants and how such disease burdens have affected the health of regular/permanent and temporary/seasonal migrants.
Design/methodology/approach
This present paper has been developed on the basis of data of India Human Development Survey-II (IHDS-II), 2011–2012, has been availed to find out the intensities of short-term morbidity and major morbidity among the rural and urban migrants as well as the health condition of the seasonal migrants. For the analysis of regular or permanent migrants, a total of 3,288 migrants (of which 1,136 rural migrants and 2,152 urban migrants) were surveyed in IHDS-II, 2011–2012, regarding the persistence of different types of short-term morbidity among the migrant class. Two-sample (rural migrants and urban migrants) “t” test for mean difference with unequal variances with null hypothesis – H0: diff = 0, and alternate hypothesis – Ha: diff < 0; Ha: diff > 0 where diff = mean (rural) – mean (urban) has been executed. For the seasonal migrants a sample of 41,424 migrants of which 2,691 seasonal migrant workers and 38,733 non-seasonal migrant workers were surveyed in IHDS-II, 2011–2012, to find out their health condition. OLS regression on the number of medical treatments undertaken in a month on the nature of migrant workers has been conducted. Socio-economic factors (like adult literacy) and basic amenities required for a healthy living (like indoor piped drinking water, separate kitchen in the household, household having a flush toilet, household having electricity and intake of meals everyday) are taken as control variables in the regression analysis.
Findings
The results of morbidity analysis in this paper show that the morbidity patterns among the migrants vary with the geographical differences. The short-term morbidity and that of the major morbidity show different proneness to ill health for rural and urban migrants. However, seasonal migrants are more susceptible to ill health than the regular migrants and are also potential for generating health risks. Also lack of provision of basic services creates negative health impact on seasonal migrants.
Research limitations/implications
The paper is based on secondary data and hence lacks numerous relevant health issues of migrants in rural and urban sectors which could have been possible through primary data survey.
Practical implications
Migration and migrants are a relevant issue both internationally and nationally. Economic development of a country like India depends to a greater extent on the contributions of migrant labourers as majority of the labourers in India belong to informal sector of which most of the workers are from migrant class.
Social implications
Migrants contribution to economic development depend on their productive capacity and hence health of these section of people is a relevant issue. This study is based on the morbidity pattern of migrants both regular and seasonal migrants and their susceptibility in various geographical locations and provision of basic amenities.
Originality/value
This work is original research study by the author.
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Antonia Estrella-Ramon, Manuel Sánchez-Pérez and Gilbert Swinnen
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of customers’ offline transaction behaviour in the form of loyalty and cross-buying on the adoption of self-service technology…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of customers’ offline transaction behaviour in the form of loyalty and cross-buying on the adoption of self-service technology innovations by non-business customers in the context of online banking.
Design/methodology/approach
This study extends the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, as well as the Technology Acceptance Model adapted to describe and model individual customer observed behaviours in the pre-adoption stage of the adoption process. The Log-logistic parametric survival model is applied using panel data for 1,357 randomly selected new customers from a bank.
Findings
Significant differences arise among customers’ behaviours related to periodicity of interactions with the bank and quantity of products involved in the interactions, as well as convenience and risk of the interactions. The results corroborate that those customers who are more likely to adopt the online banking faster show an offline behavioural pattern more related to higher periodicity of interactions and convenience, rather than a high number of products involved in their interactions, the use of high-risk products or the maintenance of a higher average monthly liabilities.
Originality/value
While previous research explaining the process of adoption of the online channel has mainly focused on the analysis of customers’ attitudes (i.e. customers’ perceptions) and demographics, in this research an additional explanation is proposed using customers’ offline transaction behaviours. In addition, there is a considerable amount of research about the adoption of new technologies, but there is a scarcity of studies looking specifically at the financial services and banking industry.
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Agrata Gupta and Chun Xia
The chapter studies the role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in disrupting the existing traditional banking system. It identifies FinTech’s evolution in Asia across Deposits &…
Abstract
The chapter studies the role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in disrupting the existing traditional banking system. It identifies FinTech’s evolution in Asia across Deposits & lending, Capital Raising, Investment Management, Market provisioning, Payments, and Insurance. This technology revolution allows us to have a banking system based on values that serve customers better, reduce risk to the society and improve returns for the shareholders. Data on unbanked population, smartphone penetration, and Internet penetration has led to retail side innovations such as Mobile Wallets, P2P Payments, and Real-time Payments in the most of Asia (except China). A total of 49% of Global Investments in FinTech are in Asia and the Chinese dragon alone accounts for 46%. India is witnessing a strong amount of FinTech deals in 2017 and it is being driven by payment and lending solutions. ASEAN FinTech industry is dominated by m-wallets and online payments; this is followed by retail investment and financial comparison. The chapter dives into the challenges Asian banks are facing because of this disruption. Now more than ever, is the important role governments and central banks of each nation play to assess the path these start-ups are headed on and this will unfold the landscape of banking in Asia a few years down the lane.
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Mala Sharma and Pratibha Verma
This research examines and analyzes the impact of employee branding and employer branding in multinationals that exceeded the national boundaries in globalization. The motive of…
Abstract
This research examines and analyzes the impact of employee branding and employer branding in multinationals that exceeded the national boundaries in globalization. The motive of the research is to identify the significance of employer and employee branding for the success of the multinationals. The emergence of a MNC culture in India is widespread, and it promotes an employee-oriented philosophy by making all the amenities available to the employees. Multinational organizations focus on employee and employer branding to achieve the desired goals. Employee branding is a new term in the service industry that emphasizes the internal marketing of the organization Infront towards the external image of a company. India has a significant presence of service sectors as in the top 10 around the world. Employment rate in the service sector in India is more that 32.33% as per the collected data by the World Bank in 2020, wherein the large number of employees contributing their services in the different fields becomes a matter of concern for a company’s policies. This research was conducted on a population sample size of 204 respondents working in multinational organizations of Gurugram, India, using convenience sampling through a structured questionnaire. Data analysis of the survey was coded in Ms-excel 2015 and SPSS-21. Primary and secondary data are used in this study. Primary data are collected through questionnaire method, and secondary data are collected through journals, books, websites etc. This study will help human resource managers to improve HR policies and organization culture and to increase employee branding to gain desired success in organizations.