Mohammed Ebrahim Hussien, Md. Mahmudul Alam, Md. Wahid Murad and Abu N.M. Wahid
The purpose of this study is to analyze the profitability performance of Islamic banks (IBs) of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region during 2008 global financial crisis.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the profitability performance of Islamic banks (IBs) of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region during 2008 global financial crisis.
Design/methodology/approach
Bank-specific data are taken from the Bank Scope database and macroeconomic data are collected from International Financial Statistics. Using a panel data series of 30 banks for the period of 2005 to 2011, the study shows the evidence of structural break for the crisis year as well as the factors that impact the profitability of IBs.
Findings
The performance of GCC IBs was significantly influenced during the crisis period by capital adequacy, credit risk, financial risk, operational efficiency, liquidity, bank size, gross domestic product, growth rate of money supply, bank sector development and inflation rate. The study also finds that there is a structural change before and after the global financial crisis.
Originality/value
This is an original study that shows that the Sharīʿah-compliant banks have performed better during the crisis and are not affected based on their internal performance records; rather, they have been affected indirectly from the macro shock owing to the overall economic crisis.
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Wahid Murad and Nik Hashim Nik Mustapha
This study examines whether or not the waste management practices of the poor households living in squatters and low‐cost flats in Kuala Lumpur are conducive to the environment…
Abstract
This study examines whether or not the waste management practices of the poor households living in squatters and low‐cost flats in Kuala Lumpur are conducive to the environment. With the aim of accomplishing the above, the study empirically assesses knowledge, attitude and behaviour of the urban poor concerning their household solid waste management. With primary data collected from the level of living condition and waste management practices of the urban poor, the study employed a multiplicity of statistical techniques such as t‐tests of equality of means, one‐way analysis of variance, chi‐square ‘likelihood ratio’ tests, and descriptive statistics. The findings of the study provide evidence to the effect that poverty does not cause environmental degradation as the knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of the urban poor concerning solid waste management are found to have been conducive to the environment. The study suggests that the problems of poverty and environment need to be seen differently as the causal relationship between the two does actually depend on the level of socioeconomic profile and the type of environmental practices of a particular group of community
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Elyse Shane, MD Wahid Murad and Susan Freeman
The purpose of this paper is to determine and analyse that factors that could potentially influence price premiums of Australian wine in the UK market. The authors integrated the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine and analyse that factors that could potentially influence price premiums of Australian wine in the UK market. The authors integrated the economic-based hedonic pricing theory and marketing export pricing literature. The authors demonstrate a potential solution to limitations in knowledge of market-level data and industry wide competition, currently lacking in export pricing studies.
Design/methodology/approach
Using data extracted from wine-searcher.com and using multiple regression as the main analytical technique, the authors examined the relationships between actual retail prices UK consumers pay for Australian wine and product attributes. The authors compared the moderating influence of distribution channel (retail choice) on these relationships.
Findings
The results provide insights in export pricing literature, and the authors support better theoretical explanations for hedonic pricing studies in export marketing. The authors found two types of wine attributes – “brand” and “region of origin” – that attract price premiums. While relationships between variety and retail price, as well as age and retail price are less clear, the authors provide some support.
Research limitations/implications
One limitation of this hedonic pricing study is the inability to explain why certain relationships between product attributes and price premiums exist. Studies such as these could be improved by utilising both consumer- and firm-level data.
Practical implications
Whilst final prices paid by consumers are beyond the control of producers, understanding the relationships between retail prices, retail choices and product attributes are of strategic importance. Understanding the role consumer preferences play in determining prices they ultimately pay is of great value when determining export/retail pricing strategies.
Social implications
Consumers and firm managers are jointly able to provide comprehensive explanations on why certain attributes attract price premiums. The integration of economic and consumer-based theories provides a holistic understanding of the influence of retail choices and product attributes on retail prices.
Originality/value
The authors drew on the hedonic pricing theory linking product attributes with retail prices, which is vital for understanding market share and brand image. The authors identified which product attributes and which distribution channels (retail choices) are valuable to consumers. Deeper understanding of these issues is important for producers.
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Wahid Murad and Janek Ratnatunga
The key purpose of this paper is to examine the causality and long‐run relationship between CO2 emission and agricultural output for an agriculture‐dependent developing country…
Abstract
Purpose
The key purpose of this paper is to examine the causality and long‐run relationship between CO2 emission and agricultural output for an agriculture‐dependent developing country, namely Bangladesh.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to attain the objective, this study has used long‐time series data and employed advanced econometric techniques of unit root test, nonlinear least square estimation, Vector Error Correction estimation and Granger causality test.
Findings
The empirical results of the study reveal that Bangladesh agricultural output is not a Granger causal for Bangladesh CO2 emission, but the country's CO2 emission is a Granger causal for its agricultural output. The results also reveal for Bangladesh that any disequilibrium between CO2 emissions and agricultural output could take approximately 17 years to converge to the long‐run equilibrium. The results further reveal that the adjustment rate for Bangladesh agricultural output is positive and quite fast at the rate of 69 percent a year. So any disequilibrium will be corrected mostly by the adjustment in Bangladesh agricultural output.
Practical implications
The current CO2 emission in Bangladesh is still below the equilibrium level, which is considered to be an advantage for the country, particularly its agriculture sector which will reasonably not face any stricter CO2 emissions controlling policies and regulations in the near future.
Originality/value
The originality of this study lies on the extent to which an agriculture‐dependent developing country such as Bangladesh does not have greater concern about the CO2 emission for now and the near future. The originality does also lie on the fact that no other study has yet examined this issue.
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Wahid Murad, Rafiqul Islam Molla, Mazlin Bin Mokhtar and Abdur Raquib
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the link between climate change and agricultural growth in Malaysia, and pursue three sub‐objectives: to determine and analyze…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the link between climate change and agricultural growth in Malaysia, and pursue three sub‐objectives: to determine and analyze the link between agricultural growth rate and climate change score; to determine and analyze the link between per capita CO2 emissions and agricultural production index; and to determine and analyze the link between per capita agricultural production index and per capita CO2 emissions.
Design/methodology/approach
Relevant time series data compiled from several online sources including the Germanwatch, Ministry of Finance, Malaysia, and the United Nations database were used. The data for agricultural growth rate and climate change score for Malaysia were found to be available only for the four recent years from 2006 to 2009. The data for other variables such as per capita agricultural production index and per capita CO2 emissions have been standardized covering the period from 1990 to 2004. The ordinary least squares methods were employed to estimate the parameters in the three linear regression models.
Findings
The empirical results of the study reveal three important observations for Malaysia: the link between agricultural growth rate and climate change score is proven to be negative, but insignificant (p>0.1); the link between per capita CO2 emissions and agricultural production index is found to be direct and highly significant (p<0.01); and the link between per capita agricultural production index and per capita CO2 emissions is proven to be positive and highly significant (p<0.01). Also, an increasing level of per capita CO2 emissions in the country is proven to have both detrimental and beneficial effects on its agricultural growth. For instance, agricultural growth in Malaysia is found to produce significant effects on climate change, primarily through the production and release of CO2.
Originality/value
The paper recommends that the two‐way link between climate change and agricultural growth depends on the balance of the effects and that an in‐depth assessment of such effects might help the appropriate authority to anticipate the effects more accurately. The paper will be useful to researchers wishing to conduct research and develop models on the nexus between climate change and agriculture.
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Md. Mahmudul Alam, Abu N.M. Wahid and Chamhuri Siwar
Sustainable food security at the household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. It is expected that the patterns of household resilience factors and adaptation…
Abstract
Purpose
Sustainable food security at the household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. It is expected that the patterns of household resilience factors and adaptation practices have a strong linkage with household food security. The purpose of this paper is to seek an effective technique of adaptation for food security and the required types of support for adaptation to food insecurity among the poor and low-income households in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was based on primary data that were collected in July-October 2012 through a questionnaire survey among 460 poor and low-income households from the Pahang, Kelantan, and Terengganu states of Malaysia. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database based on a two-stage cluster random sampling technique. The study considered household food security as household food availability and food accessibility, and ran ordinal regressions to find out the linkages of household food security with household resilience factors, adaptation practices, and expected support for adaptation to food security.
Findings
The study concludes that several resilience factors and adaptation practices were statistically significant to household food security, and several external supports were statistically and significantly needed to ensure household food security. Therefore, to ensure sustainable household food security in Malaysia, the food security programs need to be integrated with sustainable development goals (SDGs) and climatic changes adaptation programs, and the involvement of relevant stakeholders are crucial.
Originality/value
This study is a pioneer work based on primary data that empirically measured the linkages of household food security with household resilience factors, adaptation practices, and expected support for adaptation to food security in Malaysia. This study also discussed some issues related to the climate change linkage, which would help future climate change research. The findings of the study will be beneficial for all the stakeholders, including policy makers related to the food security and climate change adaptation.
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Md. Mahmudul Alam, Chamhuri Siwar, Basri Abdul Talib and Abu N.M. Wahid
Sustainable food security at the household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. Several factors such as social, economic, political, demographic, natural and…
Abstract
Purpose
Sustainable food security at the household level is one of the emerging issues for all nations. Several factors such as social, economic, political, demographic, natural and livelihood strategies cause vulnerability in the status of household food security. This study aims to examine the vulnerability of the factors of household food accessibility and its linkage with the climatic changes in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on primary data collected in the months of July-October, 2012, through a questionnaire survey on 460 low-income households from the East Coast Economic Region (ECER) in Malaysia. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database, based on the cluster random sampling technique. The questionnaire uses a five-point Likert scale, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA F statistics for chi-square two-sample test.
Findings
The study finds that the vulnerability of the factors of household food accessibility has increased statistically and significantly over the past five years in Malaysia, whereas the contributions of climatic factors are low on these changes. This study suggests that the food security programs in Malaysia need to be integrated with the climatic change adaptation programs to ensure more effective and sustainable household food security in the future.
Originality/value
This study is an original work based on primary data that empirically measures the vulnerability of the factors of household food accessibility, one of the important dimensions of household food security, and its linkage with climatic changes.
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Md. Mahmudul Alam, Basri Abdul Talib, Chamhuri Siwar and Abu N. M. Wahid
The purpose of this paper is to examine the direct and indirect impacts of climatic changes as well as the effects of non-climatic factors on household food security in Malaysia…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the direct and indirect impacts of climatic changes as well as the effects of non-climatic factors on household food security in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on primary data collected in the months of July – October, 2012 through a questionnaire survey on 460 low-income households from East Coast Economic Region (ECER) of the country. The samples were selected from E-Kasih poor household database, based on cluster random sampling technique. The statistical estimation was done through two-stage formative path measurement model by using non-parametric bootstrap procedure under Smart PLS.
Findings
This study finds that household food insecurity ECER – Malaysia is not only related to social and economic factors, but also statistically significantly linked to the direct and indirect impacts of climatic factors. The policy implications of the study suggest that design of food security programs must be integrated with climatic change adaptation programs.
Originality/value
The government and other relevant agencies should jointly develop appropriate policies for poverty alleviation, household-level food security, and adaptation with climatic changes in Malaysia.
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Aroua Robbana, Mohamed Aslam Akbar and Mohamed Asmy Bin Mohd
This study aims to explore the perception of Algerian Zakat payers regarding the adoption of technology within the Algerian Zakat Fund.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the perception of Algerian Zakat payers regarding the adoption of technology within the Algerian Zakat Fund.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey was administered to a convenience sample of 460 Algerian Zakat payers. The survey was designed by combining the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM 2) and Theory of Reasoned Actions (TRA) frameworks to provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence the model acceptance among the Algerian Zakat payers. The findings were subsequently analyzed to evaluate convergent and discriminant validity as well as composite reliability. Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the causal relationship among all proposed constructs.
Findings
The data reveal that all the hypotheses from the TAM 2 and TRA theories were supported, demonstrating the model’s significant acceptance among Algerian Zakat payers.
Originality/value
The originality of this study lies in its unique combination of both the TRA and the Extended TAM 2 within the context of Zakat. It examines the integration of the aforementioned theories to assess the acceptance of Algerian Zakat payers to the suggested Zakat Fintech-based model. This model is specifically tailored to address the challenges encountered by the Algerian Zakat Fund, offering innovative solutions to enhance management and governance mechanisms while aligning with Islamic financial principles.
Mohamud Said Yusuf, Khadar Ahmed Dirie, Md. Mahmudul Alam and Isyaku Salisu
The purpose of this study is to investigate the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the amount of trust customers have in Somali Islamic banks. Furthermore, the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the amount of trust customers have in Somali Islamic banks. Furthermore, the role of gender in CSR activities and Islamic bank clientele is evaluated.
Design/methodology/approach
Throughout February and March 2022, 410 clients of Islamic banks in Somalia were surveyed using a questionnaire. The partial least squares approach and the structural equation model are applied to examine the data.
Findings
Findings indicate that all variables of CSR activities, such as social product, social legal, social needs, social environment and social employees’ responsibility, are influential and significant predictors of trust in Islamic banks in Somalia. Gender inequalities moderate the relationship between social product, social needs, social environment, social employee and trust. Conversely, only social legal responsibility was unaffected by gender differences in Somalia regarding people’s trust in Islamic banks.
Practical implications
A sample from a developing country such as Somalia is useful for shedding light on the outcomes of consumers’ perceptions of and trust in businesses’ CSR in the developing world. Furthermore, this study contributes to knowledge regarding CSR and how it can help the Islamic banking industry. Its findings will be useful to policymakers and regulatory bodies in the banking industry in their efforts to improve CSR.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first empirical investigation of its kind about the understudied relationship among customer trust, CSR efforts and gender in Somalia context. Furthermore, it investigates how gender specifically moderates CSR in the Islamic banking sector in a developing country.