W.I.A. El‐Dougdoug and M.M. Azab
A series of polymeric surfactants based on butylacrylates (M1) as hydrophobe, and amide oxime of oxypropylated acrylates (M2‐4 and 6) as hydrophiles, were prepared by…
Abstract
A series of polymeric surfactants based on butylacrylates (M1) as hydrophobe, and amide oxime of oxypropylated acrylates (M2‐4 and 6) as hydrophiles, were prepared by copolymerization of butyl acrylate (M1) and amide oxime of oxypropylated acrylate (M2‐4 and 6) with different molar ratios in presence of benzoyl peroxide as initiator to afford [(P2), (P4) and P6)]a‐i, respectively as nonionic copolymeric surfactants, in suitable yield. These derivatives were purified and characterized by microanalysis, IR and 1H NMR spectral studies. Surface active properties, corrosion inhibitions and biodegradability were evaluated.
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Mohammed Azab, Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat, Lana Agraib, Sabika Allehdan and Reema Tayyem
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between micronutrient intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged Jordanian participants.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between micronutrient intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged Jordanian participants.
Design/methodology/approach
A case-control study was conducted among patients referring for elective coronary angiography. A total of 400 patients were enrolled in this study. Face-to-face interview was used to complete food frequency questionnaire from which the authors derived usual daily intake of micronutrients. The mean age of participates was 52 years and their average BMI was 30.7 kg/m2. Multinomial logistic regression model and linear logistic regression model were used to calculate odd ratios (OR) and its 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) and p-value for trend, respectively. The association between the risk of CHD and micronutrients intake was adjusted for the age, gender, BMI, smoking, physical activity, total energy intake, occupation, education level, marital status and family history.
Findings
The study results showed no significant differences between cases and controls for dietary intakes of micronutrients, except for the intake of calcium (p < 0.005), magnesium (p < 0.025), phosphorus (p < 0.023) and potassium (p < 0.006) which were lower in cases than controls. Although no significant trend was observed between most of the dietary intake of micronutrients and the risk of developing CHD, a significant protective effect of magnesium [OR 0.52; 95 per cent CI (0.29-0.95)], phosphorus [OR 0.44; 95 per cent CI (0.24-0.80)] and potassium [OR 0.41; 95 per cent CI (0.22-0.74)] against the risk of CHD was detected.
Originality/value
The findings from this study provide strong evidence that the intake of micronutrients such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium has no significant associations with the risk of CHD.
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M.M. Azab and W.I.A. El‐Dougdoug
Preparation of new organotin polymers via a new synthetic route based on the exchange reactions of pentachlorophenyl acrylate or methacrylate with amino‐tri‐phenyltin benzoates or…
Abstract
Purpose
Preparation of new organotin polymers via a new synthetic route based on the exchange reactions of pentachlorophenyl acrylate or methacrylate with amino‐tri‐phenyltin benzoates or hydroxyl‐tri‐phenyltin benzoates.
Design/methodology/approach
The pentachlorophenyl acrylate or methacrylate was prepared by polymerisation in solution with azobisisobutyrontrile as a free radical initiator. The polymers obtained were allowed to undergo exchange reactions with amino‐tri‐phenyltin benzoates or hydroxyl‐tri‐phenyltin benzoates. The structure of the polymers prepared was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Films were prepared from purified organotin polymers solution on glass, PVC and tin plates. The release of tin compound from the films, when immersed in aqueous media, was assessed. The concentration of the released tin (ppm) was measured by atomic adsorption spectrophotometer.
Findings
The new synthetic route was effective, the organotin polymers prepared had good film properties and the release of tin compounds increased with the content of tin in the organotin polymers.
Research limitations/implications
The alkaline resistance of the polymeric films prepared needs improvement.
Practical implications
The polymers prepared provide a family of effective polymeric fungicide useful for a number of applications including water sterilisation.
Originality/value
The polymers prepared contained pendent triphenyltin moieties which slowly hydrolysed to give fungicidal and antifouling effects.
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Mahmoud Ramadan Al-Azab and Heba Salah Zaki
This paper aims to examine the antecedents of green entrepreneurship intention (GEI) amongst tourism and hospitality higher education students and further explores the effect of…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the antecedents of green entrepreneurship intention (GEI) amongst tourism and hospitality higher education students and further explores the effect of green entrepreneurship intention on sustainable development (SD). It also investigates the mediating role of GEI in the relationship between the antecedents of GEI and SD in students' future tasks in tourism and hospitality.
Design/methodology/approach
Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze data collected via an online questionnaire from 970 tourism and hospitality universities' students in Egypt, either undergraduate or postgraduate.
Findings
The results show that green entrepreneurship intention is positively affected by attitude, subjective norms, environmental education, risk aversion, self-efficacy and environmental values. The results also revealed that green entrepreneurship intention is a significant driver for sustainable development. Moreover, the findings revealed that GEI mediates the link between the antecedents of GEI and SD.
Practical implications
The results offer highly persuasive insights that may be used to promote GEI and SD among tourism and hospitality students. The effectiveness of GEI in achieving SD will motivate government and educational institutions to develop GEI for university students. This study will assist policymakers in developing a novel strategy, providing a contribution to the green behavior literature in an emerging context.
Originality/value
The field of the green entrepreneur is uncharted and still in its infancy. As a result, further research is needed in the literature to better understand green entrepreneurship intention. Enhancing tourism and hospitality students' green entrepreneurial intentions will help the economy expand sustainably in the future because they are the entrepreneurs of tomorrow. The findings hold important implications for both the research community and tourism education and business management.
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M.M. Azab, S.K. Bader and A.F. Shaaban
A novel two series of self‐sequestering surfactants have been prepared by the reaction of itaconic acid, phthalic anhydride, citric acid with oxypropylated 1,4‐butane diol and…
Abstract
A novel two series of self‐sequestering surfactants have been prepared by the reaction of itaconic acid, phthalic anhydride, citric acid with oxypropylated 1,4‐butane diol and oxypropylated 1,6‐hexane diol. The structure features of these surfactants have been confirmed by IR and 1H NMR spectra. These surfactants exhibit excellent properties of self‐sequestering. Besides good surface active properties including surface tension, interfacial tension, low foaming, good wetting properties, good stability towards acidic and basic media, emulsifying power and dispresent properties, solubilization properties and good biodegradability, they possess autonomous sequestering ability without any help of additional sequestering agent.
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The cross-pressures and tensions for engaged academics are like those of other activist professionals and advantaged allies. Academic knowledge is more useful when it is put into…
Abstract
The cross-pressures and tensions for engaged academics are like those of other activist professionals and advantaged allies. Academic knowledge is more useful when it is put into dialog with the knowledge and experiences of others and academics use their skills to bring new information into community discussions, to provoke discussions, and to carry knowledge between groups. Academics should listen as well as talk, recognize and respect the differences among community members, and actively attend to and seek to amplify the voices of those who are most oppressed and marginalized.
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S.M. El‐Sawy, A.A. El‐Sanabary and B.M. Badran
Introduction The application of organic coatings is the most extensive way of protecting metal products from corrosion. Developments of organic coatings and their applications are…
Abstract
Introduction The application of organic coatings is the most extensive way of protecting metal products from corrosion. Developments of organic coatings and their applications are subject to the effects of many factors at present. The most important among these factors are ecological requirements aimed at the protection of the living and working environments, and the lack of raw materials and energy.
Johannes Tschapka and Tri Nawangsari
We undertake a genealogical critique to undermine the very noble but hardly questioned implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia, less to identify dubious neo-colonial…
Abstract
We undertake a genealogical critique to undermine the very noble but hardly questioned implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia, less to identify dubious neo-colonial powers of particular groups, than to deconstruct ill-defined understandings of schooling as a process of ‘normalisation’ of the ‘abnormals’. We approach inclusive classes through Foucault's concept of Heterotopia, a space which is deviant from the norm. Instead of questioning inclusive education as a heterotopian way of schooling only, we contest regular schooling itself and the power normalisation. Along a second Foucauldian concept of Heterochronia we connect historical insights of seating Indonesian children at a regular school desks in 1920 with the training of children with special needs to be seated in Indonesian disability centres 2020. We argue that ‘normalisation’ as such can hardly be critiqued, because it is an existing social and institutional normality. But taking critique as a conflict between colonial, globalising and even humanitarian forces, enables a Foucauldian analysis of normalising technologies of education and of inclusive education in particular.
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M.M. Azab, S.K. Bader and A.F. Shaaban
Four series of nonionic copolymer surfactants have been prepared by the free radical copolymerizations of dioctyl itaconate (DOI) with dioxypropylated itaconic acid…
Abstract
Four series of nonionic copolymer surfactants have been prepared by the free radical copolymerizations of dioctyl itaconate (DOI) with dioxypropylated itaconic acid. Copolymerization reactions were carried out in solution at 70°C using 1mol. percent azopisisoputyronitrile as a free radical initiator. The copolymers were obtained by reprecipitation from petroleum ether (40‐60) and finaly dried in vacuum at 60°C. The structural features of these nonionic copolymer surfactants have been confirmed by IR and 1HNMR spectra. The surface active properties of these polymers were compared and evaluated, including solubility, cloud point, surface properties, interfacial tension, foaming emulsification and biodegradability. Most of the products are good biodegradable surfactants; which manifested the importance of their application in pollution problems.
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M.S. Ibrahim, R.M. Mohsen and S.M. El‐Sawy
Reports on the preparation of some organic corrosion inhibitors, carried out by the reaction of epoxidized linseed oil free fatty acids with different aliphatic amines under the…
Abstract
Reports on the preparation of some organic corrosion inhibitors, carried out by the reaction of epoxidized linseed oil free fatty acids with different aliphatic amines under the effect of γ‐ray irradiation. Notes that chemical and instrumental methods were used for identification of the reaction products and that the prepared inhibitors were tested for corrosion protection of steel surfaces by incorporating them in some chlorinated rubber varnishes. Reports that the physical, chemical and corrosion protective properties of the varnish films were studied. Concludes that the prepared inhibitors can be used in small quantities to provide varnishes of excellent adhesion and superior protective properties. Contends, also, that increase of the radiation dose during preparation of the inhibitors and/or during the drying process of the varnish films increases the protective properties of the formed films.