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Article
Publication date: 22 June 2012

M.M. Abou‐Krisha, F.H. Assaf, M. Khodari and E.M. Elkady

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion resistance and the electrodeposition behavior of electrodeposited nickel‐cobalt‐iron alloys. Also, to compare the…

525

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the corrosion resistance and the electrodeposition behavior of electrodeposited nickel‐cobalt‐iron alloys. Also, to compare the electrodeposition of ternary nickel‐cobalt‐iron alloy from acidic sulfate bath onto a steel substrate with the characteristics of Co‐Fe electrodeposits.

Design/methodology/approach

The investigation of electrodeposition was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic techniques, while potentiodynamic polarization resistance and anodic linear sweep voltammetry techniques were used for corrosion study. The phase structure was characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the deposits were examined by using scanning electron microscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively.

Findings

The obtained results revealed that the Ni‐Co‐Fe alloys consisted of a mixture of iron (Fe10.8Ni) and (FeCo) phases. It was found that the obtained Ni‐Co‐Fe alloy exhibited a more‐preferred surface appearance and better corrosion resistance, compared to the Co‐Fe alloy that was electrodeposited under similar conditions.

Practical implications

Ni‐Co‐Fe alloy was successfully electroplated from a sulfate bath. This alloy showed better anticorrosion properties compared to Co‐Fe deposits. The Ni‐Co‐Fe alloy could be used advantageously in industry, e.g. the automotive industry. The coating also has particular interest due to it is ability to exhibit stable magnetic properties.

Originality/value

The paper evaluates the effect of electrodeposition of the ternary alloy on the corrosion behavior of electroplated steel. To date, there has been little research on this issue. It was found that the presence of Ni could increase the corrosion resistance of steel.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 59 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 31 December 2015

Mortaga Abou-Krisha, Fawzi Assaf, Omar Alduaij, Abdulrahman G Alshammari and Fatma El-Sheref

– The purpose of this study was to compare the electrodeposition behavior and corrosion resistance of ternary and binary alloys.

275

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the electrodeposition behavior and corrosion resistance of ternary and binary alloys.

Design/methodology/approach

Potentiodynamic polarization resistance measurement and anodic linear sweep voltammetry techniques were used for the corrosion study. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the deposits were examined using scanning electron microscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively. The phase structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Electrodeposition behavior was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic techniques.

Findings

It was found that the obtained ternary alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance and a more-preferred surface appearance compared to the binary alloys that were electrodeposited under similar conditions.

Research limitations/implications

The ternary alloy showed better anticorrosion properties compared to binary deposits that were electroplated successfully from the plating baths. The Zn-Co-Fe alloy could be used advantageously in industry because the ternary alloy exhibits the collective properties of the binary alloys in one alloy via the electrodeposition of Zn-Ni-Co alloy.

Social implications

Increasing the corrosion resistance implies to social economic increases.

Originality/value

To date, the electrodeposition of Zn-Co-Fe alloy was studied in only a small number of articles. It was found that the presence of Co or Fe could provide a useful coating on the steel that would reduce its susceptibility to corrosion attack.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 63 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 29 November 2018

Simbarashe Fashu and Rajwali Khan

Thin coatings are of great importance to minimize corrosion attack of steel in different environments. A review of recent work on electrodeposition and corrosion performance of…

523

Abstract

Purpose

Thin coatings are of great importance to minimize corrosion attack of steel in different environments. A review of recent work on electrodeposition and corrosion performance of Zn-Ni-based alloys for sacrificial corrosion protection of ferrous substrates is presented. The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic comparison of the corrosion resistances of Zn-Ni alloy coatings. The review contains key and outstanding comparisons of references for the period from 2007 to 2017. Binary and ternary Zn-Ni-based alloys were compared and contrasted to provide a good knowledge basis for selection of best coating system to steel substrates.

Design/methodology/approach

This article is a review article.

Findings

Zn-Ni-(X) alloys show great potential for replacing Cd metal in corrosion protection of steel substrates.

Practical implications

The research on plating of binary Zn-Ni alloys from aqueous electrolytes is now well advanced and these alloys show improved corrosion resistance compared to pure Zn. Pulse plated and compositionally modulated multilayer Zn-Ni alloy coatings showed enhanced corrosion properties compared to direct plated Zn-Ni coatings of similar composition.

Originality/value

The work on electrodeposition of Zn-Ni based alloys from ionic liquids is still scarce, yet these liquids show great promise in improving corrosion resistance and reducing coating thickness when compared to aqueous electrolytes. Advanced plating techniques in ionic liquids such as electromagnetic, compositionally modulated multilayer, pulse plating, ternary alloys and composites should be considered as these electrolytes avoid water chemistry and associated defects.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 66 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 3 November 2022

Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen, Nam Pham Thi, Thang Le Ba, Vy Uong Van, Bao Le Duc and Tuan Anh Nguyen

This study aims to enhance to corrosion protection of NiZn-plated steel by electroplating multilayer coating.

162

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to enhance to corrosion protection of NiZn-plated steel by electroplating multilayer coating.

Design/methodology/approach

The multilayer coating consists of three layers on mild steel substrate, such as Cr3+ chromate conversion layer (CCC), electrodeposited nanosilica zinc-nickel composite layer (ZnNiSi) and electrodeposited zinc-nickel alloy layer (ZnNi). Its morphology, composition and corrosion behaviour were investigated by various methods.

Findings

Polarization curves indicated that polarization resistance and corrosion current density of CCC/ZnNiSi/ZnNi/Fe (6.956 kO.cm2; 2.56 µA.cm−2) were two times higher and five times lower than that of ZnNiSi/ZnNi/Fe (3.42 kO.cm2; 12.52 µA.cm−2), respectively. From electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data, charge transfer resistances were 1.344, 2.550 and 2.312 kO.cm2 for ZnNi, ZnNiSi/ZnNi and CCC/ZnNiSi/ZnNi, respectively. Salt spray test indicated that after 48 h, surface of ZnNi and ZnNiSi was covered by white rust, whereas no white rust was observed on surface of CCC/ZnNiSi/ZnNi. After 600 h, there were red rust spots (1% surface coverage) on surface of Zn-Ni, whereas only white rust was observed on both ZnNiSi/ZnNi (100% surface coverage) and CCC/ZnNiSi/ZnNi (10% surface coverage).

Originality/value

Multilayer coating enhanced significantly the corrosion protection for steel, as compared to the single-layer coating.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 70 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 24 August 2023

Haijing Sun, Jianing Cui, He Wang, Shuai Yang, Souavang Xaikoua, Yong Tan, Xin Zhou, Baojie Wang and Jie Sun

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of temperature on Zn–Ni alloys in ChCl–Urea.

121

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of temperature on Zn–Ni alloys in ChCl–Urea.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on cyclic voltammetry experiments, the deposition behavior and kinetics of the Zn–Ni alloy are studied. The nucleation process of the Zn–Ni alloy is studied in detail via chronoamperometry experiments. The effects of the deposition temperature on the microstructure, Ni content and phase composition of Zn–Ni alloy coatings are investigated via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) combined with classical thermodynamics.

Findings

The results show that with increasing temperature, the reduction peak shifts toward a more positive electric potential, which is beneficial for the co-electric deposition process, and the diffusion coefficient is estimated. With increasing temperature, the nucleation process of the Zn–Ni alloy becomes a three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation, the typical kinetic parameters are determined using the standard 3D growth proliferation control model and the Gibbs free energy is estimated. The Zn–Ni alloy coatings are prepared via normal co-deposition. With increasing temperature, the degree of crystallinity increases, the coating gradually becomes uniform and compact and the XRD peak intensity increases.

Originality/value

The nucleation process of the Zn–Ni alloy at different temperatures is analyzed. The diffusion coefficient D and Gibbs free energy are calculated. The contribution of the three processes at different temperatures is analyzed. The effect of temperature on the morphology of the Zn–Ni alloy coatings is studied.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 70 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 13 September 2018

Miao Li, Bi Qing Chen, Min He, Tongtong Xiong and Lixia Gao

This paper aims to obtain rare earth magnesium alloy with good adhesion and corrosion resistance.

174

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to obtain rare earth magnesium alloy with good adhesion and corrosion resistance.

Design/methodology/approach

In 353 K oil bath, cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical behavior of Pr(III), Mg(II) and Ni(II) in choline chloride-urea ionic liquid. The constant potential method was adopted for electrodeposition of Pr-Mg-Ni ternary alloy films. The content of Pr in the Pr-Mg-Ni alloy films changes with respect to the deposition potential, deposition time and concentration ratio of Pr3+:Mg2+:Ni2+. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the conditions for obtaining high-quality deposition films.

Findings

The results showed that the reaction of Ni(II) to Ni is irreversible; this result can be verified by Tafel polarization curve and chronocoulometry curve. Its transfer coefficient on the platinum electrode of 0.32 and diffusion coefficient is 1.0510−6 cm2.s−1. Mg(II) and Pr(III) cannot solely be reduced to their elemental form, but they can be induced via codeposition by Ni(II). The result shows that under a voltage of −1.00 V, the alloy coating with even structure is obtained when the concentration ratio of Pr3+:Mg2+:Ni2+ is 1:1:1 and the deposition time is 20 min. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and other analyses revealed that the alloy coating is amorphous. Polarization curves of the cathode are tested, which manifest the lowest corrosion current density, stating which has good corrosion performance in alkaline solution and NaCl solution; this can be attributed to its dense film structure and good combination with the substrate.

Originality/value

It provides some technology for the production of corrosion-resistant materials.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 65 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 27 September 2023

Siddhesh Umesh Mestry, Vardhan B. Satalkar and S.T. Mhaske

This study aims to describe the design and synthesis of two novel azo and imine chromophores-based dyes derived from two different aldehydes with intramolecular colour matching…

119

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to describe the design and synthesis of two novel azo and imine chromophores-based dyes derived from two different aldehydes with intramolecular colour matching that are pH sensitive.

Design/methodology/approach

The visible absorption wavelength (λmax) was extended when azo chromophore was included in imine-based systems. The dyed patterns created sophisticated colour-changing paper packaging sensors with pH-sensitive chromophores using alum as a mediator or mordant. Due to the tight adhesive bonding, the dyes on paper’s cellulose fibres could not be removed by ordinary water even at extremely high or low pH, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The dyed patterns demonstrated an evident, sensitive and fast colour-changing mechanism with varying pH, from pale yellow to red for Dye-I and from pale yellow to brown-violet for Dye-II.

Findings

The λmax for colour changing was recorded from 400 to 490 nm for Dye-I, whereas from 400 to 520 for Dye-II. The freshness judgement of food was checked using actual experiments with cooked crab spoilage, where the cooked crab was incubated at 37 oC for 6 h to see the noticeable colour change from yellow to brown-violet with Dye-II. The colour-changing mechanism was studied with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra at different pH, and thin layer chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and FTIR spectroscopy studied the desired structure formation of the dyes. Potential uses for smart packaging sensors include quickly detecting food freshness during transportation or right before consumption.

Originality/value

1. Two novel azo-imine dyes have been synthesized with a pH-responsive effect. 2. The pH-responsive mechanism was studied. 3. The study was supported by computational chemistry using density functional theory. 4. The obtained dyes were used to make pH-responsive sensors for seafood packaging to judge the freshness.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 53 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

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