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The purpose of this paper is to identify a new and simple two‐end algorithm for fault location identification and characterization, in electrical distribution systems.

The developed diagnostic algorithm is based on a simple model of the network using a lumped parameters representation.

Test results have proved the approach to be efficient, allowing a precise fault identification and location while not requiring synchronized measures from the two ends.

There is a need for measurement systems at all MV/LV substations.

Applicability with limited investments is not possible where metering systems are not so diffused, although smart grids and DG units require such infrastructures. Moreover, utilities are quite interested in such issues, since the new required quality standards put severe constraints on faults management and clearance.

The paper presents a new and easier diagnostic algorithm for faults diagnosis in distribution systems.

Identify a new methodology for fault characterization, identification and location in electrical distribution systems, based on the use of matrix algebra.

The developed diagnostic methodology is based on a high precision analytical model of the network using a distributed parameters representation.

Test results have proved the approach to be efficient and precise, while providing a generalized quadripolar model of a line affected by the most common kinds of fault.

Generalization to a greater number of fault cases, experimental tests.

Utilities are quite interested in such items, since the new required quality standards put severe constraints on faults management and clearance. On the other hand, the system requires a rather complete measurement equipment of secondary substations.

The paper presents a new diagnostic technique for faults identification, location and characterization in distribution systems.

The purpose of this paper is to design a sustainable development platform for water and energy peer-to-peer trading that is financially and economically feasible. Water and other resources are becoming scarcer every day, and developing countries are the neediest for an immediate intervention. Water, as a national need, is considered to be one of the most precious commodities, but it is also one of the main causes for conflicts in the 21st century. Rainwater harvesting and peer-to-peer trading of the harvested water is one of the most convenient, scalable and sustainable solutions but faces organization challenges such as the absence of suitable business models motivating normal users to sell their generated resources (such as water and energy), currency and financial settlement complexities and single utility markets.

This paper proposes a multi-utility trading platform based on the blockchain technology which can address the challenges faced by peer-to-peer trading for resources such as energy and water.

This paper presents a peer-to-peer multi-utility trading platform that solves the shortcomings of existing utility frameworks reported in the current literature.

This proposed platform meets the needs of developing countries as well as rural areas of developed countries. The open nature of the proposed design makes it suitable for adoption and use by various stakeholders.

COVID-19 pandemic was a health crisis that plunged the world into economic turmoil due to its resultant national lockdowns across economies which brought business and market activities to a standstill. In order to adapt to ensuing restrictions owing to the pandemic, forge ahead in a new way of living, work and interactions with one another (new normal), digitizing business and market operations is considered a necessary option. Sukuk is an essential Islamic capital market product whose operations involve multiple parties/intermediaries alongside some technical financial, administrative and legal/shariah processes. On this note, this chapter aims to study and examine the need for digitizing and automating sukuk operations and related activities to pave way for innovation, development and better continuity of sukuk market. In conducting the study, a review of literature approach is employed where relevant works on sukuk and fintech were examined. Using content analysis, the chapter explored digitization of sukuk in the Islamic capital market via fintech and blockchain and associated benefits, including peculiar challenges therein. An interview was also conducted to better understand the Wethaq case study. The chapter reveals that digitizing sukuk issuance adds value to sukuk and remedies certain inadequacies associated with sukuk transactions; can increase transparency of underlying sukuk assets and cash flows and can reduce costs due to lesser number of intermediaries. Digitization is the future of sukuk issuance and will promote sukuk well through the COVID-19 crisis and beyond.

This paper aims to develop a capacitor position in radial distribution networks with a specific end goal to enhance the voltage profile, diminish the genuine power misfortune and accomplish temperate sparing. The issue of the capacitor situation in electric appropriation systems incorporates augmenting vitality and peak power loss by technique for capacitor establishments.

This paper proposes a novel strategy using rough thinking to pick reasonable applicant hubs in a dissemination structure for capacitor situation. Voltages and power loss reduction indices of distribution networks hubs are shown by fuzzy enrollment capacities.

A fuzzy expert system containing a course of action of heuristic rules is then used to ascertain the capacitor position appropriateness of each hub in the circulation structure. The sizing of capacitor is solved by using hybrid artificial bee colony–cuckoo search optimization.

Finally, a short-term load forecasting based on artificial neural network is evaluated for predicting the size of the capacitor for future loads. The proposed capacitor allocation is implemented on 69-node radial distribution network as well as 34-node radial distribution network and the results are evaluated.

Simulation results show that the proposed method has reduced the overall losses of the system compared with existing approaches.

The purpose of this paper is to define a new methodology for studying interconnected earthing system inside unearthed medium voltage (MV) networks.

The developed methodology is based on the division of the MV network into simpler sub‐systems and its resolution using a multiport approach.

The methodology has been applied to various situations giving precious information on the behaviour of the interconnected earthing systems. The comparison between the results of the simulations and measurements done on a really existing network has shown that the methodology is able to provide accurate results.

Some factors can influence the precision of the methodology. Indeed, for a correct simulation of the system it is necessary to know several electrical and geometrical parameters, often obtainable with difficulty.

Utilities are quite interested in this topic. The study of interconnected earthing systems in MV networks with the purpose of identifying safe extended areas named Global Earthing Systems has important management and economic consequences.

The paper presents a new analysis methodology applicable to MV networks that surpasses the limits of the analysis methodology generally applied for the study of the same topic in high voltage networks.

The purpose of this study is to systematically review the state-of-art literature on the net-zero economy in the field of supply chain management.

A systematic literature review of 79 articles published from 2009 to 2021 has been conducted to minimise the researchers' bias and maximise the reliability and replicability of the study.

The thematic analysis reveals that studies in the field of net-zero economy have mostly been done on decarbonisation in the supply chain, emission control and life cycle analysis and environmental and energy management. The findings highlight the strong positive association between digitalisation, circular economy and resources optimization practices with net-zero economy goals. The study also addresses the challenges linked with the net-zero economy at the firm and country levels.

Practitioners in companies and academics might find this review valuable as this study reviews, classifies and analyses the studies, outlines the evolution of literature and offers directions for future studies using the theory, methodology and context (TMC) framework.

This is the first study that uses a structured approach to analyse studies done in the net-zero field by assessing publications from 2009 to 2021.

This study aims to provide a more complete picture of blockchain development by combining numerous methodologies with diverse data sources, such as academic papers and news articles. This study displays the developmental status of each subject based on the interrelationships of each topic cluster by analyzing high-frequency keywords extracted from the collected data. Moreover, applying above methodologies will help understanding top research topics, authors, venues, institutes and countries. The differences of blockchain research and new are identified.

To identify and find blockchain development linkages, researchers have used search terms such as co-occurrence, bibliographic coupling, co-citation and co-authorship to help us understand the top research topics, authors, venues, institutes and countries. This study also used text mining analysis to identify blockchain articles' primary concepts and semantic structures.

The findings show the fundamental topics based on each topic cluster's links. While “technology”, “transaction”, “privacy and security”, “environment” and “consensus” were most strongly associated with blockchain in research, “platform”, “big data and cloud”, “network”, “healthcare and business” and “authentication” were closely tied to blockchain news. This article classifies blockchain principles into five patterns: hardware and infrastructure, data, networking, applications and consensus. These statistics helped the authors comprehend the top research topics, authors, venues, publication institutes and countries.

Since Web of Science (WoS) and LexisNexis Academic data are used, the study has few sources. Others advise merging foreign datasets. WoS is one of the world's largest and most-used databases for assessing scientific papers.

This study has several uses and benefits. First, key concept discoveries can help academics understand blockchain research trends so they can prioritize research initiatives. Second, bibliographic coupling links academic papers on blockchain. It helps information seekers search and classify the material. Co-citation analysis results can help researchers identify potential partners and leaders in their field. The network's key organizations or countries should be proactive in discovering, proposing and creating new relationships with other organizations or countries, especially those from the journal network's border, to make the overall network more integrated and linked. Prominent members help recruit new authors to organizations or countries and link them to the co-authorship network. This study also used concept-linking analysis to identify blockchain articles' primary concepts and semantic structures. This may lead to new authors developing research ideas or subjects in primary disciplines of inquiry.

This paper explores the relationship between digitalization and green supply chain (GSC) activities in the manufacturing industry, using Huawei as a case study.

A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews, document analysis and direct observations. Data were analyzed using thematic coding aligned with the resource-based view (RBV) framework.

The study identifies three key digitalization capabilities – governance, value creation and connection – that enable sustainable practices through mechanisms such as perceptive, decision-making, and responsive processes. These capabilities facilitate GSC activities by enhancing operational efficiency, resource optimization and stakeholder collaboration.

This research contributes to the understanding of how digitalization enables sustainable practices in manufacturing. It offers a conceptual framework and empirical evidence that bridge theory and practice, with implications for organizations, policymakers and society.

The aim of this research is the evaluation of the profile of peptides isolated from skim milk hydrolysates.

Five hydrolysates were prepared using a protease from Aspergillus Oryzae (AO) separately or in combination with papain (PA) in different reaction times. The hydrolysates were fractionated by size‐exclusion HPLC and the rapid method of correct fraction area (CFA) was used for quantifying the peptides and free amino acids in the chromatographic fractions. The nutritional quality of hydrolysates is directly related to their di‐ and tripeptide contents, several reports show that the amino acid provided by these peptides are more quickly and completely absorbed than those from intact protein.

The results showed a nutritional similarity of the isolated action of AO and its combinations with PA, considering the peptide patterns produced, giving rise to 16 percent of di‐ and tripetides. Increasing the reaction time of the two enzymes led to poorer peptide profiles, while no change was achieved when the reaction time of only one enzyme (AO) in the combination was enlarged. Other hydrolytic conditions could be tested in order to improve the peptide profile of skim milk hydrolysates.

The application of this study relates to the possibility of using these hydrolysates for preparing high nutritional formulation for dietetic purposes. The use of a technique allowing the fractionation of peptides according to their size as well as the use of the skim milk as protein source, instead of casein, which is very expensive in the developing countries, represents a novel approach.

Provides an evaluation of the profile of peptides isolated from skim milk hydrolysates.