M.M.F. Verguld and M.H.W. Leenaerts
Removal and replacement instructions for surface mounted components are given, as well as certain precautionary measures and examples. Some of the figures have already been…
Abstract
Removal and replacement instructions for surface mounted components are given, as well as certain precautionary measures and examples. Some of the figures have already been published in service manuals. A distinction is made between methods for replacing one or a few components, several components and many components. It is indicated which method can be applied, which equipment is available and what must be considered.
By a polyhedral or piecewise‐linear configuration in Rn we mean the finite union of finite intersections of open or closed halfspaces. It is proved that every such configuration…
Abstract
By a polyhedral or piecewise‐linear configuration in Rn we mean the finite union of finite intersections of open or closed halfspaces. It is proved that every such configuration can be characterized by the single algebraic‐like equation involving only addition, subtraction, multiplication, absolute value and signum operators. Next, all such simplest implicit characterizations are found for idealized diodes, the ideal step function and the hysteresis function. Finally, the one‐dimensional infinite potential trough is analysed and the obtained equations are conjectured to be the simplest possible. All this allows among others to describe systems containing piecewise‐linear elements in a compact form suitable for further analytic studies.
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Yuan George Shan, Indrit Troshani, Jimin Wang and Lu Zhang
This study investigates the convergence-of-interest and entrenchment effects on the relationship between managerial ownership and financial distress using evidence from the…
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the convergence-of-interest and entrenchment effects on the relationship between managerial ownership and financial distress using evidence from the Chinese stock market. It also analyzes whether the relationship is mediated by research and development (R&D) investment.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a dataset consisting of 19,059 firm-year observations of Chinese listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges between 2010 and 2020, this study employs both piecewise and curvilinear models.
Findings
The results indicate that managerial ownership has a negative association with firm financial distress in both the low (below 12%) and high (above 18%) convergence-of-interest regions of managerial ownership, suggesting that managerial ownership in this region may contribute to improve firm financial status. Meanwhile, managerial ownership has a positive association with firm financial distress in the entrenchment region (12–18%), implying that managerial ownership in the entrenchment region may contribute to impair firm financial status. Furthermore, the results show that R&D investment mediates the association between managerial ownership and financial distress.
Originality/value
This study is the first to provide evidence of a nonlinear relationship between managerial ownership and financial distress, and identify the entrenchment region in the Chinese setting.
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Jianbo Song, Wencheng Cao and Yuan George Shan
This study uses data from the Chinese banking sector to explore the relationship between green credit and risk-taking in commercial banks. It also examines whether the level of…
Abstract
Purpose
This study uses data from the Chinese banking sector to explore the relationship between green credit and risk-taking in commercial banks. It also examines whether the level of regional green development acts as a moderator regarding this relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a dataset composed of annual observations from 57 Chinese commercial banks between 2008 and 2021, this study employs both piecewise and curvilinear models.
Findings
Our results indicate that when the scale of green credit is low (<0.164), it increases the risk-taking of commercial banks. Conversely, when the scale of green credit is high (>0.164), it reduces the risk-taking of commercial banks. Moreover, this nonlinear relationship impact exhibits bank heterogeneity. Furthermore, the results show that the level of regional green development and local government policy support negatively moderate the relationship between green credit and commercial bank risk-taking. Furthermore, we find that green credit can directly enhance the net interest margin of commercial banks.
Originality/value
This study is the first to provide evidence of a nonlinear relationship between green credit and risk-taking in commercial banks, and it identifies the significant roles of regional green development level and local government policy support in the Chinese context.
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Abstract
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Hai Tan, Deguo Wang and Yanbao Guo
Abundant oil and gas reservoirs in the deep-water are the valuable non-renewable energy sources. However, sea-water could enhance the corrosion of marine equipment such as…
Abstract
Purpose
Abundant oil and gas reservoirs in the deep-water are the valuable non-renewable energy sources. However, sea-water could enhance the corrosion of marine equipment such as submarine pipe trees. Various coatings, for example, polyurethane (PU) coatings are sprayed on the steel surfaces to enhance the anti-corrosion performance. Thus, to improve the anti-corrosion behavior of PU coatings in sea-water is imperative.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the corrosion behaviors of 4130 carbon steel with and without PU coatings were discussed by electrochemical mean in sea-water. And the graphene additive in different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 per cent) were also studied. A series of characterized methods were introduced to identify the anti-corrosion performances of 4130 carbon steel with and without coatings, respectively.
Findings
The results showed that the anti-corrosion property of 4130 carbon steel can enhance obviously with the PU coatings. The graphene additive can further improve the anti-corrosion behaviour of PU coatings and in the concentration of 0.6 per cent the PU/graphene coatings worked best.
Originality/value
This is beneficial for enhancing the service life of marine equipment in an eco-friendly method.
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Nuha Rhaffor, Wei Keat Ang, Mohamed Fauzi Packeer Mohamed, Jagadheswaran Rajendran, Norlaili Mohd Noh, Mohd Tafir Mustaffa and Mohd Hendra Hairi
The purpose of this study is to show that due to the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) industry in recent years, the demand for the higher integration of wireless…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to show that due to the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) industry in recent years, the demand for the higher integration of wireless communication systems with a higher data rate of transmission capacity and lower power consumption has increased tremendously. The radio frequency power amplifier (PA) design is getting more challenging and crucial. A PA for a 2.45 GHz IoT application using 0.18 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology is presented in this paper.
Design/methodology/approach
The design consists of two stages, the driver and output stage, where both use a single-stage common source transistor configuration. In view of performance, the PA can deliver more than 20 dB gain from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.
Findings
The maximum output power achieved by PA is 13.28 dBm. As the PA design is targeted for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) transmitter use, a minimum of 10 dBm output power should be achieved by PA to transmit the signal in BLE standard. The PA exhibits a constant output third-order interception point of 18 dBm before PA becomes saturated after 10 dBm output power. The PA shows a peak power added efficiency of 17.82% at the 13.24 dBm output power.
Originality/value
The PA design exhibits good linearity up to 10 dBm out the PA design exhibits good linearity up to 10 dBm output power without sacrificing efficiency. At the operating frequency of 2.45 GHz, the PA exhibits a stability k-factor, the value of more than 1; thus, the PA design is considered unconditional stable. Besides, the PA shows the s-parameters performance of –7.91 dB for S11, –11.07 dB for S22 and 21.5 dB for S21.
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Mingyu Jiang and Karim W. Farag
Many consumers express interest in plant-based meat alternatives (PBMA); however, they are reluctant to change their meat consumption behaviour. To support the transition to a…
Abstract
Purpose
Many consumers express interest in plant-based meat alternatives (PBMA); however, they are reluctant to change their meat consumption behaviour. To support the transition to a “meat-free” diet, it is necessary to understand the influencing factors to purchase PBMA. This study responds to a gap in the literature and aims to explore the factors influencing Chinese consumers' willingness to purchase PBMA in terms of “Capability, Motivation and Opportunity”.
Design/methodology/approach
Cross-sectional data were collected through an online survey in China (n = 591). Correlation testing and multiple linear regression were used to identify factors that may influence consumers' willingness to purchase PBMA by applying the COM-B model; which refers to Capability (C), opportunity (O), and motivation (M) as three key factors capable of changing behaviour (B).
Findings
The results show that consumers with better income and education are more likely to consume PBMA. Familiarity with purchasing channels and cooking knowledge were “capability” catalyst for purchase intentions; support from people around and who also consume PBMA provided opportunities; animal welfare, food safety, sustainability and emotional benefits were motivating factors for facilitation. With capabilities and opportunities, consumers are more likely to be motivated to purchase PBMA. It was also clear, environmental support and appropriate purchasing conditions overweigh knowledge and previous experience in motivating PBMA purchase. Additionally, the study found that familiarity, past experience, high status symbols of meat and health concerns were positively associated with but did not affect purchase intentions (p > 0.05).
Social implications
The current study did not find a substitution effect for PBMA, as participants tended to consider PBMA as a type of meat and did not substitute it for their daily meat consumption unless motivated.
Originality/value
This study provides a theoretical framework and insights for future research, and production companies can develop marketing initiatives based on the contributing factors using the COM-B model.
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Qian Lin, Haifeng Wu and Xi Li
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the temperature reliability for a parallel high-efficiency class-E power amplifier (PA).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the temperature reliability for a parallel high-efficiency class-E power amplifier (PA).
Design/methodology/approach
To explore the relationship between temperature and direct current (DC) characteristics, output power, S parameters and efficiency of the PA quantitatively, a series of reliability experiments have been designed and conducted to study the temperature reliability for this PA.
Findings
From the results, the prominent performance degradation even failure is found during the testing. Furthermore, the thermal shock test can cause permanent failure, which is a great threat for PA.
Research limitations/implications
Therefore, to ensure the good performance, the influence of temperature on PA reliability should be carefully considered during the stage of PA design.
Practical implications
All these can provide important guidance for the reliability design of PA.
Social implications
All these can give some important guidance for PA application.
Originality/value
In addition, PA is usually designed according to the electrical properties at the room temperature. From the results above, it can be concluded that it may be unable to satisfy the performance requirement at high temperature. In turn, if it is designed according to the electrical properties at low temperature, the transistor often works in the super-saturated state, the reliability of PA will become the new problem. Therefore, to ensure the good performance, the influence of temperature on PA reliability should be carefully considered during the design.