M.H Abdolmohammadi and V.D Owhoso
Describes the objectives herein as examining auditors’ ethical sensitivity to assess risk of fraud in financial reporting. Gives background literature as the opening section, and…
Abstract
Describes the objectives herein as examining auditors’ ethical sensitivity to assess risk of fraud in financial reporting. Gives background literature as the opening section, and this is followed by a section in which the investigation method is described, study results are then discussed, followed by a summary and conclusions. Looks at case studies of bribery scandals, etc. and discusses ethics and auditing. Sums up that ethical scenarios examined herein, perhaps, contain external economies ‐ but not external diseconomies.
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Mohammad Esmaeil Nazari and Zahra Assari
This study aims to solve optimal pricing and power bidding strategy problem for integrated combined heat and power (CHP) system by using a modified heuristic optimization…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to solve optimal pricing and power bidding strategy problem for integrated combined heat and power (CHP) system by using a modified heuristic optimization algorithm.
Design/methodology/approach
In electricity markets, generation companies compete according to their bidding parameters; therefore, optimal pricing and bidding strategy are solved. Recently, CHP units are significantly operated by generation companies to meet power and heat, simultaneously.
Findings
For validation, it is shown that profit is improved by 0.04%–48.02% for single and 0.02%–31.30% for double-sided auctions. As heat price curve is extracted, the simulation results show that when CHP system is integrated with other units results in profit increase and emission decrease by 3.04%–3.18% and 2.23%–4.13%, respectively. Also, CHP units significantly affect bidding parameters.
Originality/value
The novelties are pricing and bidding strategy of integrated CHP system is solved; local heat selling is considered in pricing and bidding strategy problem and heat price curve is extracted; the effects of CHP utilization on bidding parameters are investigated; a modified heuristic and deterministic optimization algorithm is presented.
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Zuanbo Zhou, Wenxin Yu, Junnian Wang, Yanming Zhao and Meiting Liu
With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional…
Abstract
Purpose
With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic secure communication circuit with sliding mode synchronous based on microcontroller (MCU).
Design/methodology/approach
First, a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic system for encryption is constructed. The approximate numerical solution of fractional-order chaotic system is calculated by Adomian decomposition method, and the phase diagram is obtained. Then, combined with the complexity and 0–1 test algorithm, the parameters of fractional-order chaotic system for encryption are selected. In addition, a sliding mode controller based on the new reaching law is constructed, and its stability is proved. The chaotic system can be synchronized in a short time by using sliding mode control synchronization.
Findings
The electronic circuit is implemented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed scheme.
Originality/value
It is feasible to realize fractional-order chaotic secure communication using MCU, and further reducing the synchronization error is the focus of future work.
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Paloma Sánchez, Cristina Chaminade and Marta Olea
This article attempts to contribute to the development of a positive theory on the management of intangibles by building a model that describes the process followed by business…
Abstract
This article attempts to contribute to the development of a positive theory on the management of intangibles by building a model that describes the process followed by business firms willing to implement a system for the management of intangibles. The study reveals that companies usually take three steps: the identification of critical intangibles related to value creation, the measurement of those intangibles by means of a set of indicators and, finally, the monitoring of intangible resources and activities.
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Alexandra L. Ferrentino, Meghan L. Maliga, Richard A. Bernardi and Susan M. Bosco
This research provides accounting-ethics authors and administrators with a benchmark for accounting-ethics research. While Bernardi and Bean (2010) considered publications in…
Abstract
This research provides accounting-ethics authors and administrators with a benchmark for accounting-ethics research. While Bernardi and Bean (2010) considered publications in business-ethics and accounting’s top-40 journals this study considers research in eight accounting-ethics and public-interest journals, as well as, 34 business-ethics journals. We analyzed the contents of our 42 journals for the 25-year period between 1991 through 2015. This research documents the continued growth (Bernardi & Bean, 2007) of accounting-ethics research in both accounting-ethics and business-ethics journals. We provide data on the top-10 ethics authors in each doctoral year group, the top-50 ethics authors over the most recent 10, 20, and 25 years, and a distribution among ethics scholars for these periods. For the 25-year timeframe, our data indicate that only 665 (274) of the 5,125 accounting PhDs/DBAs (13.0% and 5.4% respectively) in Canada and the United States had authored or co-authored one (more than one) ethics article.
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Md. Shariful Islam, Nusrat Farah and Thomas F. Stafford
The purpose of the study is to explore the factors associated with the extent of security/cybersecurity audit by the internal audit function (IAF) of the firm. Specifically, the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study is to explore the factors associated with the extent of security/cybersecurity audit by the internal audit function (IAF) of the firm. Specifically, the authors focused on whether IAF/CAE (certified audit executive [CAE]) characteristics, board involvement related to governance, role of the audit committee (or equivalent) and the chief risk officer (CRO) and IAF tasked with enterprise risk management (ERM) are associated with the extent to which the firm engages in security/cybersecurity audit.
Design/methodology/approach
For analysis, the paper uses responses of 970 CAEs as compiled in the Common Body of Knowledge database (CBOK, 2015) developed by the Institute of Internal Auditors Research Foundation (IIARF).
Findings
The results of the study suggest that the extent of security/cybersecurity audit by IAF is significantly and positively associated with IAF competence related to governance, risk and control. Board support regarding governance is also significant and positive. However, the Audit Committee (AC) or equivalent and the CRO role are not significant across the regions studied. Comprehensive risk assessment done by IAF and IAF quality have a significant and positive effect on security/cybersecurity audit. Unexpectedly, CAEs with security certification and IAFs tasked with ERM do not have a significant effect on security/cybersecurity audit; however, other certifications such as CISA or CPA have a marginal or mixed effect on the extent of security/cybersecurity audit.
Originality/value
This study is the first to describe IAF involvement in security/cybersecurity audit. It provides insights into the specific IAF/CAE characteristics and corporate governance characteristics that can lead IAF to contribute significantly to security/cybersecurity audit. The findings add to the results of prior studies on the IAF involvement in different IT-related aspects such as IT audit and XBRL implementation and on the role of the board and the audit committee (or its equivalent) in ERM and the detection and correction of security breaches.
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Lori R. Fuller and Tara J. Shawver
This study explores the whistleblowing judgments and intentions of accounting students utilizing scenarios involving accounting earning’s manipulations and fraud. Individual…
Abstract
This study explores the whistleblowing judgments and intentions of accounting students utilizing scenarios involving accounting earning’s manipulations and fraud. Individual differences affect how one makes decisions yet are rarely explored in the whistleblowing literature. As such, the authors conducted an exploratory study to determine if one’s cognitive style (the method a person uses to perceive incoming information and how they make decisions) affects whistleblowing judgment and intent. Using multivariate regression, the authors find that cognitive style significantly affects moral sensitivity, whistleblowing judgment, and whistleblowing intent. This chapter makes several important contributions to the existing literature. This is the first study that explores whether cognitive style affects moral sensitivity, whistleblowing judgments, and whistleblowing intentions. Second, it demonstrates that the models which exclude individual differences may be incomplete.
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This paper aims to investigate the financial crises and the role of auditors in those crises. The paper is concerned with the banking system, as the last financial crisis in 2008…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the financial crises and the role of auditors in those crises. The paper is concerned with the banking system, as the last financial crisis in 2008 was provoked by the mortgage business and the big banks and risks management.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper choses to use data from corporations, practices and professional websites. The authors use interviews that were available and related to the subject matter. Academic works are also used to discuss the literature review and various issues.
Findings
The paper explores the auditors’ responsibilities and finds that there is a growing concern for auditing. This research is complex, as it discovers that corporate executives in the banking business should be more responsible; this is confirmed by the high risks in the financial area that still persists.
Research limitations/implications
This is a very complex topic; however, the authors designed it so that it can be read and used by non-accountants, that is to say, CEOs and governmental agencies that are in charge of the regulatory system. Further research studies are needed to ensure ongoing discussions about the financial crisis. The Word is not free from such bad economic events.
Practical implications
The contribution is important; this research can be used by organizations, governments and academics.
Social implications
The paper includes implications for the banking and auditing industries. It extends to the public interest.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature for academic and can be used for teaching purposes. Students can understand the paper, as the authors did not use a regression model.
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Donald L. Ariail, Katherine Taken Smith and L. Murphy Smith
As in other countries, the accounting profession in the United States strives to hire and keep qualified professionals, who possess the technical competence and ethical character…
Abstract
As in other countries, the accounting profession in the United States strives to hire and keep qualified professionals, who possess the technical competence and ethical character essential to accounting practice. The reputation of the profession has been periodically tarnished by a lack of ethical behavior on the part of some Certified Public Accountants (CPAs). This suggests a misfit between those in the profession and the ethical values toward which the profession strives. When CPAs commit unethical behavior, doing so creates a major problem for the profession. Research has shown that the congruity of personal values with organizational values, person–organization fit (P–O fit), is an important factor in the hiring, socialization, and retention of employees. This research compares the personal values of US accounting students with the personal values of leaders in the accounting profession. Personal value priorities were measured with the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS). The findings indicated that these samples of accounting leaders (N = 193) and accounting students (N = 516) significantly differed in the priority given to 24 of the 36 personal values. This result suggests a lack of P–O fit between accounting students and the accounting profession. These findings have implications for CPA firms in the United States, specifically with regard to hiring ethically “fitting” staff and fostering an ethical culture in accounting firms.