Shahbaz Khan, Abid Haleem and Mohd Imran Khan
Halal integrity assurance is the primary objective of Halal supply chain management. Several halal-related risks are present that have the potential to breach halal integrity…
Abstract
Purpose
Halal integrity assurance is the primary objective of Halal supply chain management. Several halal-related risks are present that have the potential to breach halal integrity. Therefore, this study aims to develop the framework for the assessment of halal-related risk from a supply chain perspective.
Design/methodology/approach
Risk related to halal is identified through the combined approach of the systematic literature review and experts’ input. Further, these risks are assessed using the integrated approach of intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) and D-number based on their severity score. This integrated approach can handle fuzziness, inconsistency and incomplete information that are present in the expert’s input.
Findings
Eighteen significant risks related to halal are identified and grouped into four categories. These risks are further prioritised based on their severity score and classified as “high priority risk” or “low priority risks”. The findings of the study suggests that raw material status, processing methods, the wholesomeness of raw materials and common facilities for halal and non-halal products are more severe risks.
Research limitations/implications
This study only focusses on halal-related risks and does not capture the other types of risks occurring in the supply chain. Risks related to halal supply chain management are not considered in this study. Prioritisation of the risks is based on the expert’s input which can be biased to the experts' background.
Practical implications
The proposed risk assessment framework is beneficial for risk managers to assess the halal related risks and develop their mitigation strategies accordingly. Furthermore, the prioritisation of the risks also assists managers in the optimal utilisation of resources to mitigate high-priority risks.
Originality/value
This study provides significant risks related to halal integrity, therefore helping in a better understanding of the halal supply chain. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study for developing a risk assessment model for the halal supply chain.
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Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Sohail Ahmad Khan, Tasawar Hayat, Muhammad Faisal Javed and Muhammad Waqas
This paper aims to address the flow features of Ree–Eyring fluid between two rotating disks subject to the magnetic field. Heat transfer features are discussed through viscous…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to address the flow features of Ree–Eyring fluid between two rotating disks subject to the magnetic field. Heat transfer features are discussed through viscous dissipation and nonlinear thermal radiation. Impact of thermophoresis and Brownian movement are elaborated. Physical characteristics of entropy generation optimization in nanofluid with homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reaction are discussed.
Design/methodology/approach
The nonlinear system leads to ordinary one through the implementation of adequate transformation and then tackled analytically for a convergent series solution by homotopy analysis method.
Findings
The prime objective of the present research has been given to investigate entropy generation in Ree–Eyring fluid flow between two rotating disks subjected to the magnetic field. Vital features, namely, Brownian motion and thermophoresis have been addressed. Total entropy rate is computed using the second law of thermodynamics.
Originality/value
No such work yet exists in the literature.
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Salman Ahmad, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Tasawar Hayat, Muhammad Waqas and Ahmed Alsaedi
The purpose of this paper is to study entropy generation in magneto-Jeffrey nanomaterial flow by impermeable moving boundary. Adopted nanomaterial model accounts Brownian and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study entropy generation in magneto-Jeffrey nanomaterial flow by impermeable moving boundary. Adopted nanomaterial model accounts Brownian and thermophoretic diffusions. Modeling is arranged for thermal radiation, nonlinear convection and viscous dissipation. In addition, the concept of Arrhenius activation energy associated with chemical reaction are introduced for description of mass transportation.
Design/methodology/approach
Homotopy algorithms are used to compute the system of ordinary differential equations.
Findings
The afore-stated analysis clearly notes that simultaneous aspects of activation energy and entropy generation are not yet investigated. Therefore, the intention here is to consider such effects to formulate and investigate the magneto-Jeffrey nanoliquid flow by impermeable moving surface.
Originality/value
As per the authors’ knowledge, no such work has yet been published in the literature.
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Ashok K. Barik, Swetapadma Rout, Jnana Ranjan Senapati and M.M. Awad
This paper aims at studying numerically the entropy generation of nanofluid flowing over an inclined sheet in the presence of external magnetic field, heat source/sink, chemical…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims at studying numerically the entropy generation of nanofluid flowing over an inclined sheet in the presence of external magnetic field, heat source/sink, chemical reaction along with slip boundary conditions imposed on an impermeable wall.
Design/methodology/approach
A suitable similarity transformation technique has been used to convert the coupled nonlinear partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The ODEs are then solved simultaneously using the finite difference method implemented through an in-house computer program. The effects of different controlling parameters such as magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, chemical reaction parameter, Reynolds number, Brinkmann number, Prandtl number, velocity slip parameter, temperature slip parameter and the concentration slip parameter on the entropy generation and Bejan number have been discussed comprehensively through the relevant physical insights for the first time.
Findings
The relative strengths of the irreversibilities due to heat transfer, fluid friction and the mass diffusion arising due to the change in each of the controlling variables have been delineated both in the near-wall and far-away-wall regions, which may be helpful for a better understanding of the thermo-fluid dynamics of nanofluid in boundary layer flows. The numerical results obtained from the present study have also been validated with results published in open literature.
Originality/value
The effects of different controlling parameters such as magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, chemical reaction parameter, Reynolds number, Brinkmann number, Prandtl number, velocity slip parameter, temperature slip parameter and the concentration slip parameter on the entropy generation and Bejan number have been discussed comprehensively through the relevant physical insights for the first time.
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Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Sohail Ahmad Khan, Tasawar Hayat, Muhammad Faisal Javed and Ahmed Alsaedi
This study aims to examine the flow characteristics of Ree–Eyring fluid between two rotating disks. The characteristics of heat transfer are discussed in presence of viscous…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the flow characteristics of Ree–Eyring fluid between two rotating disks. The characteristics of heat transfer are discussed in presence of viscous dissipation, heat source/sink and nonlinear radiative heat flux.
Design/methodology/approach
Nonlinear flow expressions lead to ordinary ones through adequate similarity transformations. The ordinary differential system has been tackled through optimal homotopic method. The impact of different flow variables on the velocity field, entropy generation rate and temperature fields is graphically discussed. The surface drag force and heat transfer rate are numerically examined via various pertinent parameters.
Findings
By minimization of values of stretching parameter and Brinkman number, the entropy generation rate can be controlled. The entropy generation rate enhances for higher values of magnetic parameter, while the Bejan number is decreased via magnetic parameter.
Originality/value
No such work is yet published in the literature.
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Shahbaz Khan, Abid Haleem and Mohd Imran Khan
The complex network structure causes several disruptions in the supply chain that make risk management essential for supply chain management including halal supply chain (HSM)…
Abstract
Purpose
The complex network structure causes several disruptions in the supply chain that make risk management essential for supply chain management including halal supply chain (HSM). During risk management, several challenges are associated with the risk assessment phase, such as incomplete and uncertain information about the system. To cater this, the authors propose a risk assessment framework that addresses the issues of uncertainty using neutrosophic theory and demonstrated the applicability of the proposed framework through the case of halal supply chain management (HSCM).
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed framework is using the capabilities of the neutrosophic number which can handle uncertain, vague and incomplete information. Initially, the risk related to the HSC is identified through a literature review and expert’s input. Further, the probability and impact of each HSM-related risk are assessed using experts’ input through linguistic terms. These linguistic values are transformed into single-value trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers (SVTNNs). Finally, the severity of each HSM-related risk is determined through the multiplication of the probability and impact of each risk and prioritised the risks based on their severity.
Findings
A comprehensive risk assessment framework is developed that could be used under uncertainty. Initially, 16 risks are identified related to the HSM. Further, the identified risks are prioritised using the severity of the risks. The high-priority risk is “raw material status”, “raw material wholesomeness” and “origin of raw material” while “information integrity” and “people integrity” are low-priority risks.
Practical implications
HSM risk can be effectively assessed through the proposed framework. The proposed framework applied neutrosophic numbers to represent real-life situations, and it could be used for other supply chains as well.
Originality/value
The proposed method is effectively addressing the issue of linguistic subjectivity, inconsistent information and uncertainty in the expert’s opinion. A case study of the HSC is adopted to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed risk framework.
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Shahbaz Khan, Abid Haleem and Mohd Imran Khan
In a globalised environment, market volatility makes risk management an essential component of the supply chain. Similar to conventional supply chains, a Halal supply chain (HSC…
Abstract
Purpose
In a globalised environment, market volatility makes risk management an essential component of the supply chain. Similar to conventional supply chains, a Halal supply chain (HSC) is also affected by several factors making it vulnerable to risks. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the elements of Halal supply chain management (HSCM) and their significant risk dimensions.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 72 risk elements of HSCM are identified through a review of contemporary scientific literature along with news items and official websites related to risk management of conventional supply chain management, HSC and sustainable supply chain. Further, 42 risk elements are finalised using fuzzy Delphi and then these risk elements are categorised into 7 dimensions. The interrelationships among the risk dimensions as well as risk elements are developed using fuzzy DEMATEL.
Findings
Results suggest that production, planning, logistic & outsourcing and information technology-related risk are prominent risk dimensions. The causal relationships among the significant risk dimensions and elements related to the HSCM may help managers and policy planners.
Research limitations/implications
This study faces a challenge due to inadequate availability of the literature related to risk management in the area of HSCM. Further, this study has used inputs from experts, which can be biased.
Originality/value
To the best of the author's knowledge, it is the first comprehensive study towards investigating the interrelationships among the risks in the context of the HSCM.
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Ramadevi B., Sugunamma V., Anantha Kumar K. and Ramana Reddy J.V.
The purpose of this paper is to focus on MHD unsteady flow of Carreau fluid over a variable thickness melting surface in the presence of chemical reaction and non-uniform heat…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on MHD unsteady flow of Carreau fluid over a variable thickness melting surface in the presence of chemical reaction and non-uniform heat sink/source.
Design/methodology/approach
The flow governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary ones with the help of similarity transformations. The set of ODEs are solved by a shooting technique together with the R.K.–Fehlberg method. Further, the graphs are depicted to scrutinize the velocity, concentration and temperature fields of the Carreau fluid flow. The numerical values of friction factor, heat and mass transfer rates are tabulated.
Findings
The results are presented for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid flow cases. The authors conclude that the nature of three typical fields and the physical quantities are alike in both cases. An increase in melting parameter slows down the velocity field and enhances the temperature and concentration fields. But an opposite outcome is noticed with thermal relaxation parameter. Also the elevating values of thermal relaxation parameter/ wall thickness parameter/Prandtl number inflate the mass and heat transfer rates.
Originality/value
This is a new research article in the field of heat and mass transfer in fluid flows. Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model is used. The surface of the flow is assumed to be melting.
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Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Madiha Rashid, Tasawar Hayat, Niaz B. Khan and Ahmed Alsaedi
This paper aims to examine the three-dimensional (3D) flow of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) due to bidirectional nonlinearly stretching surface by considering porous medium…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the three-dimensional (3D) flow of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) due to bidirectional nonlinearly stretching surface by considering porous medium. Characteristics of both single-walled CNTs and multi-walled CNTs are discussed by considering Xue model. Darcy–Forchheimer model is used for flow saturating porous medium.
Design/methodology/approach
Optimal homotopy analysis method is used for the development of series solutions.
Findings
The authors deal with 3D Darcy–Forchheimer flow of CNTs over a nonlinearly stretching surface. Heat transport mechanism is discussed in the presence of Xue model. The homogeneous and heterogeneous effects are also accounted. The mathematical modeling is computed using boundary-layer approximations.
Originality/value
No such work has been done yet in the literature.
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Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Shahid Farooq, Tasawar Hayat, Faisal Shah and Ahmed Alsaedi
The novel mechanical, chemical and thermodynamics characteristics of both single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them a subject of much attention for the scientists…
Abstract
Purpose
The novel mechanical, chemical and thermodynamics characteristics of both single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them a subject of much attention for the scientists and engineers from all domains. Fluid flows subject to CNTs are significant in biomedical engineering, energy storage systems, domestic and industrial cooling, automobile industries and solar energy collectors, etc. Keeping such effectiveness of CNTs in mind, this paper aims to examine peristaltic flow subject to CNTs in an asymmetric tapered channel. Both single and multiple walls CNTs are considered. The viscosity of nanomaterial depends on nanoparticles volume fraction and temperature. Total entropy rate through second law of thermodynamics is calculated. Heat source/sink and nonlinear heat flux are accounted.
Design/methodology/approach
The complicated flow expressions are simplified through lubrication approach. The velocity, temperature and entropy expressions are numerically solved by the built-in-shooting method.
Findings
The solutions for entropy generation, temperature and velocity are plotted, and the influences of pertinent variables are examined. The authors noticed that entropy generation is an increasing function of the Brinkman number.
Originality/value
The originality of this work is to communicate peristaltic CNTs-based nanomaterial peristaltic flow of viscous fluid in an asymmetric channel. No such consideration is yet published in the literature.