M.T. Cunningham and M.A.A. Hammouda
Presents some preliminary findings emerging from a research study discussing some of the factors affecting the adoption of planning in various large engineering groups. Chronicles…
Abstract
Presents some preliminary findings emerging from a research study discussing some of the factors affecting the adoption of planning in various large engineering groups. Chronicles that product planning embraces both the planning of changes in the product range by adding new products, discontinuing or modifying unprofitable or obsolete products, and also the evolution of a strategy for marketing the ever‐changing range of products. Sums up that the companies who have introduced product planning still face considerable difficulties in restructuring their organisation to accommodate the product planning function.
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S. Vivier, M. Hecquet, A. Ait‐Hammouda and P. Brochet
The aim of this paper is to use an analytical multi‐physical model – electromagnetic, mechanic and acoustic – in order to predict the electromagnetic noise of a permanent magnet…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to use an analytical multi‐physical model – electromagnetic, mechanic and acoustic – in order to predict the electromagnetic noise of a permanent magnet synchronous machine.
Design/methodology/approach
The aim of this work is to develop and use an analytical multi‐physical model – electromagnetic, mechanic and acoustic – of a synchronous machine with permanent magnets. The complete model is coded in order to predict acoustic noise. A study of sensitivity is presented in order to deduce the influential – or significant – factors on the noise. For that, the technique of the experimental designs is used. More particularly, the modeling of the noise will be achieved due to the new “trellis” designs.
Findings
Three models are presented: electromagnetic, mechanical of vibration and acoustic. For each of them, comparisons with finite element method and experiments have been made. Several response surfaces are given; they represent the noise according to influential factors, with respect to different speeds of the machine. These surfaces are useful to deduce the parts of the design space to avoid.
Originality/value
Different multi‐physical aspects are considered: electromagnetic, mechanic and acoustic phenomena are taken into account due to a single analytical model. The experimental design method is the privileged tool used to make the complex relationships between the main variables appear.
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Investigates the understanding of marketing strategy and the differentiation and clarification of concepts used in conjunction with it. Carries out a search of the literature…
Abstract
Investigates the understanding of marketing strategy and the differentiation and clarification of concepts used in conjunction with it. Carries out a search of the literature revealing a wide variation in the understanding of marketing strategy. Develops a process for defining marketing strategy using three key levels: the overall strategic planning of the company; a framework developed from this from which marketing strategy should be developed; and the actual marketing strategy. Concludes that a firm needs to establish the strategic planning framework in defining its marketing strategy and its component parts. Suggests that failure to do so leads to ineffective definition, implementation and effectiveness of strategies.
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A. Meenaghan and Peter W. Turnbull
Reviews product life cycle theory and examines empirical evidence. Reports on empirical research carried out to determine the applicability of the theory to popular record…
Abstract
Reviews product life cycle theory and examines empirical evidence. Reports on empirical research carried out to determine the applicability of the theory to popular record products. Proposes a framework of the relationship between the producer life cycle and the marketing mix.
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Shows how decision making can be improved in such areas as programming the technical development and market launch of new industrial products. Declares that the concept of the…
Abstract
Shows how decision making can be improved in such areas as programming the technical development and market launch of new industrial products. Declares that the concept of the product cycle is well known in the field of consumer goods marketing. Contends that the product life cycle is the graphically presented history of the sales and profit performance of a product from its development and market introduction, to its decline and discontinuation. Backs up the statements within using comprehensive figures and diagrams. Summarises that, in attempting to extend product life cycles, attention may have to be devoted to a marketing strategy based on changing the image, or value ascribed to a product by the customer through advertising and pricing policy.
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Abstract
Purpose
This study sets out to compare the response of three‐dimensional (3D) woven composites subjected to high strain rate (HSR) compression loading with the dynamic response.
Design/methodology/approach
The 3D composites were manufactured using Kevlar woven fabrics with epoxy resin system utilising vacuum bag moulding approach. Samples were subjected to HSR compression loading in three directions using a modified split Hopkinson's pressure bar.
Findings
Peak stress and stiffness of 3D composites were higher for dynamic loading when compared with static loading in case of both in‐plane direction and out‐of‐plane direction. The peak stress and modulus increased with the increase in strain rate for both in‐plane direction and out‐of‐plane direction. Peak stress and dynamic modulus were higher when the samples were loaded in the fill direction compared with the warp direction loading. The failure strain in through‐the‐thickness direction was far higher than in in‐plane warp and fill direction.
Research limitations/implications
Other strength parameters of 3D composites could be studied.
Practical implications
The study provided the strength comparison of 3D composites in different situations.
Originality/value
The paper provide data on 3D composites for engineering applications.
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Peter Sergeant, Guillaume Crevecoeur, Luc Dupré and Alex Van den Bossche
The first purpose of this paper is to identify – by an inverse problem – the unknown material characteristics in a permanent magnet synchronous machine in order to obtain a…
Abstract
Purpose
The first purpose of this paper is to identify – by an inverse problem – the unknown material characteristics in a permanent magnet synchronous machine in order to obtain a numerical model that is a realistic representation of the machine. The second purpose is to optimize the machine geometrically – using the accurate numerical model – for a maximal torque to losses ratio. Using the optimized geometry, a new machine can be manufactured that is more efficient than the original.
Design/methodology/approach
A 2D finite element model of the machine is built, using a nonlinear material characteristic that contains three parameters. The parameters are identified by an inverse problem, starting from torque measurements. The validation is based on local BH‐measurements on the stator iron.
Findings
Geometrical parameters of the motor are optimized at small load (low‐stator currents) and at full load (high‐stator currents). If the optimization is carried out for a small load, the stator teeth are chosen wider in order to reduce iron loss. An optimization at full load results in a larger copper section so that the copper loss is reduced.
Research limitations/implications
The identification of the material parameters is influenced by the tolerance on the air gap – shown by a sensitivity analysis in the paper – and by 3D effects, which are not taken into account in the 2D model.
Practical implications
The identification of the material parameters guarantees that the numerical model describes the real material properties in the machine, which may be different from the properties given by the manufacturer because of mechanical stress and material degradation.
Originality/value
The optimization is more accurate because the material properties, used in the numerical model, are determined by the solution of an inverse problem that uses measurements on the machine.
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Saeedeh Rezaee Vessal, Judith Partouche-Sebban and Francesco Schiavone
The COVID-19 outbreak has undoubtedly affected overall mental health. Thus, researching resilience is important, as it has been previously discussed as a means to protect people…
Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 outbreak has undoubtedly affected overall mental health. Thus, researching resilience is important, as it has been previously discussed as a means to protect people from mental health problems. This study aims to clarify whether survivors of a traumatic event (i.e. cancer survivors) are more resilient to living through another traumatic experience, such as COVID-19, compared to those who have never had such an experience. The study also examines the role of emotional creativity in this process.
Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research design was adopted. The data collection was performed through a survey (N = 338), which was conducted among two separate groups of participants. The first group (N = 152) included the survivors of a traumatic event (i.e. cancer survivors), and the second group (N = 186) included those who did not have such an experience.
Findings
The results demonstrate that living through a traumatic experience results in a higher level of resilience during another traumatic experience (i.e. COVID-19), which is the result of higher post-traumatic growth. Moreover, emotional creativity is discussed as an explanatory variable that explains a significantly higher level of post-traumatic growth among survivors of a traumatic event.
Originality/value
This research offers a better understanding of the effect of living through a traumatic event on post-traumatic growth and resilience in living through another traumatic experience. Moreover, post-traumatic growth is explained through emotional creativity improvement, which happens after experiencing a traumatic life event.
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M.M.I. Hammouda and I.G. El‐Batanony
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the number of cycles for fatigue crack initiation in notched plates.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the number of cycles for fatigue crack initiation in notched plates.
Design/methodology/approach
Previously published experimental results for tests with initially uncracked U‐shaped notches of different sizes and geometries are utilized. The present work defines the fatigue initiation period, Ni, as number of loading cycles required for the formation of a through‐thickness Mode I crack at the notch root macroscopically propagating along the plate width. Thus, backward extrapolation of the observed early decreasing fatigue growth rates of the initiated crack at the notch root on the specimen surface to zero surface crack size enables the estimation of Ni.
Findings
A parameter based on the normal strain range and the maximum normal stress acting at the notch root best fitted Ni.
Research limitations/implications
This paper provides an estimation of Ni in 3 mm thick mild steel plates subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial cyclic stresses. Initiated‐but‐non‐propagating cracks possibly found at the notch surface and at the notch root along the plate width are distinguished.
Originality/value
Based on the present analysis, a threshold stress is devised to represent the minimum stress level required for the appearance of a through‐thickness crack at the notch root running along the specimen width. Notched plates simulate many engineering applications particularly in aerospace industry.
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Hatem Gaffer, Hamada Mashaly, Shaymaa Hassan Abdel-Rhman and Mamdouh Hammouda
The study reported in this paper aims to synthesize some new curcumin containing sulphadiazine and sulphathiazole dyestuffs and study their application in dyeing silk fabrics…
Abstract
Purpose
The study reported in this paper aims to synthesize some new curcumin containing sulphadiazine and sulphathiazole dyestuffs and study their application in dyeing silk fabrics rendering the dyed fabric antibacterial.
Design/methodology/approach
Simultaneous dyeing and antibacterial finishing for silk fabric using a new antibacterial acid dye having a modified chemical structure to curcumin were conducted. This modification of curcumin dye was carried out by introducing sulphonamide containing heterocyclic rings sulphadiazine and sulfathiazole through coupling with curcumin. All newly synthesized dyes were characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data (IR, 1H-NMR and MS). The dyeing characteristics of these dyestuffs were evaluated at optimum conditions. Antibacterial activities of the dyed samples at different concentrations of both dyes were studied against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium) bacteria.
Findings
The synthesized curcumin-containing sulphonamide dyes were applied on silk fabrics. The modified dyes exhibited good fastness properties compared to curcumin dye at optimum conditions. It was found that synthesized dyes exhibit good fastness and antibacterial properties efficient against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The dyed silk fabrics showed higher antibacterial efficacy after many times of washing.
Originality/value
Curcumin, a common natural dye used for fabric and food colouration, was used as an antimicrobial finish due to its bactericidal properties on dyed textiles. A common dyeing process could provide textiles with colour as well as antimicrobial properties. Novel antibacterial dyestuff containing curcumin moieties with sulphonamide coupler components were shown to be an interesting natural colorant for silk with high antimicrobial ability of the dyed silk fabrics. This work has afforded a new acid dye that can be used in medical textile.