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Article
Publication date: 3 June 2014

M. Zaoui and N. Menasri

The welds are the site of high residual stresses, localized in the vicinity of the weld cracks. Their presence caused many type of damage mode as stress corrosion, fatigue, sudden…

61

Abstract

The welds are the site of high residual stresses, localized in the vicinity of the weld cracks. Their presence caused many type of damage mode as stress corrosion, fatigue, sudden failure and increasing the temperature of ductile/brittle transition. Residual stresses in restrained welds and weld repairs are very complex. The heat treatment affects the value and distribution of residual stress in the specimen. This peak stress in all three samples occurred not at the toe, but in the middle of the weld bead, where the yield stress is higher. The use of the neutron diffraction (ND) technique for residual stress measurements is described. In addition, studies of macrostructure and hardness were conducted. The results of different tests conclude the influence of heat treatment on Residual stresses in welds.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 3 February 2025

Salah Amroune, Cherif Saib, Amin Houari, Said Zergane, Barhm Abdullah Mohamad, Kouider Madani, Mohamed Lamin Aichouche and Madi Zidane

This study aims to develop high-performance truck trailer supports using polyamide PA6, a thermoplastic material renowned for its mechanical strength, durability and adaptability…

4

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to develop high-performance truck trailer supports using polyamide PA6, a thermoplastic material renowned for its mechanical strength, durability and adaptability to extreme conditions. By analysing the material’s properties and exploring manufacturing methods such as injection moulding and 3D printing, the research seeks to optimise the design and production of supports capable of withstanding heavy-duty mechanical stresses. The ultimate goal is to provide the transport industry with reliable, cost-effective and durable solutions that meet safety standards and performance demands, ensuring enhanced operational efficiency and resilience in challenging environments.

Design/methodology/approach

The study investigates the design and production of truck trailer supports using polyamide PA6, chosen for its high mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to wear and chemical exposure. The research evaluates manufacturing techniques, including injection moulding and 3D printing, to optimise part performance and durability under heavy-duty mechanical stresses. Emphasis is placed on designing supports capable of enduring harsh environmental conditions while ensuring safety and cost-efficiency. By leveraging the superior properties of PA6, the study aims to develop reliable solutions that meet the transport industry’s stringent performance and economic requirements.

Findings

The study confirms that using PA6 polyamide for truck trailer supports is an innovative and cost-effective solution, offering superior mechanical performance and environmental resistance. A detailed analysis of PA6 properties and manufacturing methods reveals its suitability as a robust and durable alternative for trailer supports. This integration marks a significant advancement in improving trailer efficiency and performance while maintaining quality standards. The findings underscore the importance of leveraging technological advancements to address challenges in innovation and sustainability, supporting the growth of the transport and logistics sector.

Originality/value

This study introduces an innovative approach to designing truck trailer supports by utilising polyamide PA6, highlighting its superior mechanical properties and environmental resilience. By combining material analysis with advanced manufacturing techniques, such as injection moulding and 3D printing, the research provides a novel framework for producing durable, cost-effective components tailored to the transport industry’s demands. The originality lies in the integration of PA6 into heavy-duty applications, showcasing its potential to enhance performance, efficiency and sustainability. This work adds significant value by addressing critical industry challenges and offering practical solutions that align with modern safety and environmental standards.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

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Article
Publication date: 20 February 2014

N. Menasri, M. Zaoui and A. Bouchoucha

Rotating machines play a strategic role in a manufacturing process, and it is the case of a cement mill. These machines are composed of fragile bodies (bearings and gears, etc.…

49

Abstract

Rotating machines play a strategic role in a manufacturing process, and it is the case of a cement mill. These machines are composed of fragile bodies (bearings and gears, etc.) subjected to mechanical stress and harsh industrial environment.

Sources of failure are many; the wear and the spalling of bearing, the wear and fracture of a tooth of a gear, the misalignment of the axes, etc. To avoid unexpected downtime and costly, those bodies must be monitored continuously. There are several ways to do that; vibration analysis, lubricant analysis, infrared thermography and acoustic analysis. Vibration analysis (frequency) is most often used by operating a signal from an accelerometer. Whenever a fault participated in a contact, it changed the vibration characteristics of the system. By analyzing the acceleration measurements from an accelerometer, we can identify and quantify these changes in order to establish a relationship between the measures and the type of defect, which will be used as signatures for fault diagnosis system. In a system of power transmission (gear unit of a cement mill) the frequency of occurrences of faults can be known from the geometry and kinematics of the system.

This article deals with the detection of bearing defects isolated in a gear unit of a cement mill by spectral analysis of vibration; which based on a systematic analysis spectral and envelope spectrum of vibration signal for the presence of images of all vibrational defects may affect the body in question.

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World Journal of Engineering, vol. 10 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 2 April 2024

Paulo Alberto Sampaio Santos, Breno Cortez and Michele Tereza Marques Carvalho

Present study aimed to integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) in conjunction with multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) to enhance…

247

Abstract

Purpose

Present study aimed to integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) in conjunction with multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) to enhance infrastructure investment planning.

Design/methodology/approach

This analysis combines GIS databases with BIM simulations for a novel highway project. Around 150 potential alternatives were simulated, narrowed to 25 more effective routes and 3 options underwent in-depth analysis using PROMETHEE method for decision-making, based on environmental, cost and safety criteria, allowing for comprehensive cross-perspective comparisons.

Findings

A comprehensive framework proposed was validated through a case study. Demonstrating its adaptability with customizable parameters. It aids decision-making, cost estimation, environmental impact analysis and outcome prediction. Considering these critical factors, this study holds the potential to advance new techniques for assessment and planning railways, power lines, gas and water.

Research limitations/implications

The study acknowledges limitations in GIS data quality, particularly in underdeveloped areas or regions with limited technology access. It also overlooks other pertinent variables, like social, economic, political and cultural issues. Thus, conclusions from these simulations may not entirely represent reality or diverse potential scenarios.

Practical implications

The proposed method automates decision-making, reducing subjectivity, aids in selecting effective alternatives and considers environmental criteria to mitigate negative impacts. Additionally, it minimizes costs and risks while demonstrating adaptability for assessing diverse infrastructures.

Originality/value

By integrating GIS and BIM data to support a MCDM workflow, this study proposes to fill the existing research gap in decision-making prioritization and mitigate subjective biases.

Details

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

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Article
Publication date: 9 April 2024

Ahmed Shehata and Metwaly Eldakar

Social engineering is crucial in today’s digital landscape. As technology advances, malicious individuals exploit human judgment and trust. This study explores how age, education…

197

Abstract

Purpose

Social engineering is crucial in today’s digital landscape. As technology advances, malicious individuals exploit human judgment and trust. This study explores how age, education and occupation affect individuals’ awareness, skills and perceptions of social engineering.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative research approach was used to survey a diverse demographic of Egyptian society. The survey was conducted in February 2023, and the participants were sourced from various Egyptian social media pages covering different topics. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent samples t-test and ANOVA, to compare awareness and skills across different groups.

Findings

The study revealed that younger individuals and those with higher education tend to research social engineering more frequently. Males display a higher level of awareness but score lower in terms of social and psychological consequences as well as types of attacks when compared to females. The type of attack cannot be predicted based on age. Higher education is linked to greater awareness and ability to defend against attacks. Different occupations have varying levels of awareness, skills, and psychosocial consequences. The study emphasizes the importance of increasing awareness, education and implementing cybersecurity measures.

Originality/value

This study’s originality lies in its focus on diverse Egyptian demographics, innovative recruitment via social media, comprehensive exploration of variables, statistical rigor, practical insights for cybersecurity education and diversity in educational and occupational backgrounds.

Details

Library Hi Tech, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 24 May 2022

Cheuk-Wing Lui and Hon-Kwong Lui

While the Olympic Games are always under the spotlight, the Paralympic Games are somehow ignored. This paper aims to invite the general public to think about the para-athletes and…

1936

Abstract

Purpose

While the Olympic Games are always under the spotlight, the Paralympic Games are somehow ignored. This paper aims to invite the general public to think about the para-athletes and the differential treatments they received.

Design/methodology/approach

Among the participating countries, many of them were unable to win a single Olympic or Paralympic medal. When the dependent variable is left-censored, ordinary least squares regression is asymptotically biased downwards. In the literature, researchers typically employ the maximum likelihood Tobit model to take care of the censoring problem. However, some researchers argue that the Hurdle model has an advantage over the Tobit model in identifying the determinants of winning Olympic medals. Following their wisdom, this paper employs both the Tobit and Hurdle models in analysis.

Findings

The empirical evidence gathered in this paper suggests that population size, host status and average years of schooling are the big three socio-economic determinants when it comes to winning medals at the Paralympic Games and Olympic Games. The findings support the hypothesis that sports talent is randomly distributed and a large country has a higher chance to have talented athletes or para-athletes winning the Olympic medals. The strong host advantage also showed up in the following Paralympics but was not so strong at the next Olympics.

Originality/value

This paper not only examines the relationship between various social, economic and political factors in determining the success of a nation in the Paralympic Games but also attempts to identify possible non-traditional determinants.

Details

Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, vol. 30 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2515-964X

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2023

Fatima Barrarat, Karim Rayane, Bachir Helifa, Samir Bensaid and Iben Khaldoun Lefkaier

Detecting the orientation of cracks is a major challenge in the development of eddy current nondestructive testing probes. Eddy current-based techniques are limited in their…

155

Abstract

Purpose

Detecting the orientation of cracks is a major challenge in the development of eddy current nondestructive testing probes. Eddy current-based techniques are limited in their ability to detect cracks that are not perpendicular to induced current flows. This study aims to investigate the application of the rotating electromagnetic field method to detect arbitrary orientation defects in conductive nonferrous parts. This method significantly improves the detection of cracks of any orientation.

Design/methodology/approach

A new rotating uniform eddy current (RUEC) probe is presented. Two exciting pairs consisting of similar square-shaped coils are arranged orthogonally at the same lifting point, thus avoiding further adjustment of the excitation system to generate a rotating electromagnetic field, eliminating any need for mechanical rotation and focusing this field with high density. A circular detection coil serving as a receiver is mounted in the middle of the excitation system.

Findings

A simulation model of the rotating electromagnetic field system is performed to determine the rules and characteristics of the electromagnetic signal distribution in the defect area. Referring to the experimental results aimed to detect artificial cracks at arbitrary angles in underwater structures using the rotating alternating current field measurement (RACFM) system in Li et al. (2016), the model proposed in this paper is validated.

Originality/value

CEDRAT FLUX 3D simulation results showed that the proposed probe can detect cracks with any orientation, maintaining the same sensitivity, which demonstrates its effectiveness. Furthermore, the proposed RUEC probe, associated with the exploitation procedure, allows us to provide a full characterization of the crack, namely, its length, depth and orientation in a one-pass scan, by analyzing the magnetic induction signal.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 43 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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Article
Publication date: 21 March 2023

Lakhwinder Singh, Sangyul Ha, Sanjay Vohra and Manu Sharma

Modeling of material behavior by physically or microstructure-based models helps in understanding the relationships between its properties and microstructure. However, the…

194

Abstract

Purpose

Modeling of material behavior by physically or microstructure-based models helps in understanding the relationships between its properties and microstructure. However, the majority of the numerical investigations on the prediction of the deformation behavior of AA2024 alloy are limited to the use of phenomenological or empirical constitutive models, which fail to take into account the actual microscopic-level mechanisms (i.e. crystallographic slip) causing plastic deformation. In order to achieve accurate predictions, the microstructure-based constitutive models involving the underlying physical deformation mechanisms are more reliable. Therefore, the aim of this work is to predict the mechanical response of AA2024-T3 alloy subjected to uniaxial tension at different strain rates, using a dislocation density-based crystal plasticity model in conjunction with computational homogenization.

Design/methodology/approach

A dislocation density-based crystal plasticity (CP) model along with computational homogenization is presented here for predicting the mechanical behavior of aluminium alloy AA2024-T3 under uniaxial tension at different strain rates. A representative volume element (RVE) containing 400 grains subjected to periodic boundary conditions has been used for simulations. The effect of mesh discretization on the mechanical response is investigated by considering different meshing resolutions for the RVE. Material parameters of the CP model have been calibrated by fitting the experimental data. Along with the CP model, Johnson–Cook (JC) model is also used for examining the stress-strain behavior of the alloy at various strain rates. Validation of the predictions of CP and JC models is done with the experimental results where the CP model has more accurately captured the deformation behavior of the aluminium alloy.

Findings

The CP model is able to predict the mechanical response of AA2024-T3 alloy over a wide range of strain rates with a single set of material parameters. Furthermore, it is observed that the inhomogeneity in stress-strain fields at the grain level is linked to both the orientation of the grains as well as their interactions with one another. The flow and hardening rule parameters influencing the stress-strain curve and capturing the strain rate dependency are also identified.

Originality/value

Computational homogenization-based CP modeling and simulation of deformation behavior of polycrystalline alloy AA2024-T3 alloy at various strain rates is not available in the literature. Therefore, the present computational homogenization-based CP model can be used for predicting the deformation behavior of AA2024-T3 alloy more accurately at both micro and macro scales, under different strain rates.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 19 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Article
Publication date: 12 February 2018

Menasri Noureddine and Bouchoucha Ali

Rotating machines play a strategic role in the process; it is the case of a gear unit of a cement mill. These machines are composed of tribo-pairs (bearings and gears, etc.…

47

Abstract

Purpose

Rotating machines play a strategic role in the process; it is the case of a gear unit of a cement mill. These machines are composed of tribo-pairs (bearings and gears, etc.) subjected to mechanical stress and harsh industrial environments. This study aims to make an experimental investigation of bearing wear of a gear unit DMGH 25.4 of a horizontal cement mill.

Design/methodology/approach

Several tests were carried out in collaboration with industrial Algerian companies, for example, spectroscopy, micro hardness, X-Ray diffraction analysis and microscopic examination of wear-characterized QJ1244 N2MA bearing.

Findings

Experimental results reveal that there are two types of bearing wear: the first is a continuous mode of damage. The second mode is the wear by a third body (wear debris in suspension in oil). The spalling results from the propagation of cracks through the thickness of the material generally give rise to cracks in the sub-layer depth hertz. An unusual hardening observed suggests that the damage was caused by the dissipation of a large surge of frictional energy lasting several milliseconds. It is found also that heating due to insufficient lubrication of the bearing led to the formation of high-density fine carbides in the microstructure of 100Cr6, which tends to decelerate the movement of dislocations during plastic deformation.

Practical implications

This study allowed the characterization of bearings wear in industrial mechanical systems.

Originality/value

Characterization of the bearings showed that the unusual hardening observed suggests that the damage was caused by the dissipation of a large surge of frictional energy lasting several milliseconds. The microhardness of the worn bearing is very high compared to the beginning wear bearing, which is due to the quantity of carbides formed. The thermo-mechanical stresses do not affect the main phases such as martensite, but they accelerate the fracture propagation at the surface.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 4 January 2024

Sofiane Talbi, Mokadem Salem, Belaïd Mechab, Tewfik Ghomari, Ahmed Allem, Belabbes Bachir Bouiadjra and Benelmaarouf Mehdi

This study provides an analysis of patch repair for cracked aircraft structures. Delamination is a type of damage that affects the patch's behavior. The purpose of this study is…

76

Abstract

Purpose

This study provides an analysis of patch repair for cracked aircraft structures. Delamination is a type of damage that affects the patch's behavior. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of delamination on repair performance.

Design/methodology/approach

An analytical and numerical study using the finite element method was conducted for a cracked plate repaired with a patch containing a pre-existing delamination defect. The method for defining the contact pair surfaces and modeling the delamination interaction within the patch interface is specified using the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) approach.

Findings

The efficiency of the repair is measured in terms of the J-integral. The effects of delamination initiation, mechanical loading, crack length and patch stacking sequences are presented. It is noted that in mode I, delamination propagation is only significant at node A. The numerical results are in good agreement with those of the analytical solution found in the literature. It is observed that the patch's behavior is strongly dependent on loading, crack size and stacking sequences in terms of reducing the structure's lifespan, especially in the presence of delamination.

Originality/value

The numerical modeling presented by the VCCT approach is highly valuable for studying delamination evolution. The influence of loading, crack size and stacking sequences on repair performance is discussed in this work.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

Keywords

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