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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1999

I. Born, D. Detemmerman, M. Vrana, J. De Baets and A. Van Calster

For many years C‐MAC has used thick film technology in many electronic products for a large range of customer applications. A high degree of integration has been achievable…

187

Abstract

For many years C‐MAC has used thick film technology in many electronic products for a large range of customer applications. A high degree of integration has been achievable, together with high reliability. Recently, however, new materials have been developed allowing for a further miniaturization. This paper reports on the development of a multilayer technology, based on the combination of state‐of‐the‐art Fodel® materials with Diffusion Patterning™ dielectric and and standard thick film materials. The combination of such materials allows for the manufacture of high density products, addressing the present and future needs of many new applications. Besides the process technology for manufacturing the substrate, different assembly technologies like dip and reflow soldering and chip and wire bonding have been successfully investigated. In comparison to LTCC, this technology offers the possibility of using only a few layers, therefore allowing for faster product development, more flexibility during manufacturing and optimisation of cost.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1995

M. Vrana, A. Van Calster, D. Vanicky, W. Delbare, R. Vanden Berghe, S. Demolder and K. Allaert

The evolution of today's high speed electronic systems has resulted in the need for modules which are able to provide all chip‐to‐chip interconnection with very fine top level and…

31

Abstract

The evolution of today's high speed electronic systems has resulted in the need for modules which are able to provide all chip‐to‐chip interconnection with very fine top level and buried conductor traces, and a dielectric with a very dense via grid pattern. As standard thick film technology is capable of pitches only down to 250 µm, new photoimageable thick film pastes have been developed in order to achieve a higher resolution. These materials allow one to combine the advantages of screen printing as a deposition technique with photolithography for the patterning. The image is produced by exposing the printed paste through a photomask to define either lines or vias, so that a very high resolution (50 (µm pitch), similar to that available in MCM‐D or MCM‐L, can be achieved. This paper describes the processing of the photoimageable dielectric and conductor pastes. As an example of the capability of this technology, a module for electro‐optical interconnection is presented.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1996

M. Vrana, A. Van Calster, R. Vanden Berghe** and K. Allaert

Thick film screen printing technology is able to reach apitch of 250 μm. In an attempt to achieve lower values, two approaches have been developed so far. Both are based on the…

87

Abstract

Thick film screen printing technology is able to reach a pitch of 250 μm. In an attempt to achieve lower values, two approaches have been developed so far. Both are based on the combination of screen printing as a deposition technique and photolithography for the patterning. The first approach uses photoimageable conductor and dielectric pastes; the second is based on photoimageable dielectric and etching of the fired conductor. In order to obtain a full characterisation of both processes, a test module was designed and manufactured by using the first process and identical test modules were provided by the supplier using the second technology. The design of the test module is based on a two‐layer interconnection pattern including structures for testing cross‐overs, via interconnections with various resolutions (down to 50 μm via size), in order to investigate the limits of these technologies. This paper gives a comparison of these two approaches based on the results of electrical and mechanical measurements performed on both sets of the test modules. Electrical parameters and resolution data are discussed for both processes. The chip and wire assembly method is evaluated to prequalify the technology as an advanced MCM‐C technology for telecoms applications. Finally, the results of reliability tests (humidity ageing and burn‐in) are presented.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 13 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2024

Khalil Ahmad, Bhuvanesh Sharma, Ritesh Khatwani, Mahima Mishra and Pradip Kumar Mitra

This paper aims to explore the impact of metaverse technology on the hospitality and tourism industry. The introduction of metaverse technology has revolutionised the way the…

352

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the impact of metaverse technology on the hospitality and tourism industry. The introduction of metaverse technology has revolutionised the way the hospitality and tourism industry works. In the present study, the authors have investigated the role of social media marketing in the adoption of metaverse technology in hotel booking in India.

Design/methodology/approach

An extended technology acceptance model was proposed for an empirical investigation in the Indian context. Sample of 344 respondents was collected across India using a purposive sampling technique for the purpose of data analysis. The structural model analysis is used to analyse the data collected from the respondents using the SmartPLS software to check the structural and the measurement fit of the model.

Findings

The adoption intentions were largely influenced by the utility, attitude (ATT) and ease of use of the technology, and social media marketing plays a major role in influencing the perceived usefulness (PU) and ease of use (PEU). The study finds positive ATTs of the customers for using metaverse technology for booking their hotels. PU and PEU significantly influence the ATT of the consumer indicating the traveller’s perception of the usefulness and ease of metaverse technology influence their ATTs towards adoption.

Originality/value

Influence of metaverse technology is at a nascent stage in India specifically for hotel booking and tourism. The authors have used discriminant validity by using the criteria for both the square root of the average variance extracted and heterotrait–monotrait ratio tests, and the results suggest that the constructs in the research are distinct from other.

Details

International Journal of Tourism Cities, vol. 10 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-5607

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Article
Publication date: 20 October 2023

Seyed Mehdi Sharifi, Mohammad Reza Jalilvand and Mohammad Reza Shakoorian Fard

The importance of effective public messages has been widely recognized during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In particular, the role of news items and…

118

Abstract

Purpose

The importance of effective public messages has been widely recognized during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In particular, the role of news items and interpersonal conversations for the acceptance of public health measures has been highlighted. The authors propose a conceptual model based on the existing literature on how to measure the degree of persuasion of news narratives in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors adopted a whole population approach, where the unit of analysis was the population of the media news about the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors selected a sample to develop and test their conceptual model. The sample size was n = 248. The questionnaire was distributed online using a non-probability convenience sampling plan. The authors used a pre-post pseudo-experimental design. Respondents answered questions about their attitude toward the COVID-19 pandemic. After watching a narrative news report on the same subject, they then answered questions designed to measure changes in their attitude. A structural equation model, the Sobel test and a paired samples t-test were used to test hypotheses.

Findings

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between narrative with transportation and empathy. There was also a positive and significant relationship between transportation and empathy with attitude and interpersonal talk. The relationship between transportation and self-referencing was also supported. Further, transportation and attitude mediated the relationships between narrative and interpersonal talk, self-referencing as well as empathy. A paired samples t-test revealed that attitudes were changed or reinforced before and after watching the narrative news report.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying the outcomes of narrative persuasion during public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Details

Journal of Integrated Care, vol. 31 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1476-9018

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Article
Publication date: 6 September 2024

Peu Saha and Abhijeet Biswas

The world today is heavily controlled by the content available on the internet, where a one-star rating gain may work wonders for a company and a one-star rating decline can cause…

236

Abstract

Purpose

The world today is heavily controlled by the content available on the internet, where a one-star rating gain may work wonders for a company and a one-star rating decline can cause huge damage. Online booking platforms provide more freedom, privacy and contact with experienced travelers than physical hotel booking. The study identifies the factors shaping travelers' online hotel booking intention (OHBI).

Design/methodology/approach

We utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to expand the horizons of the technology acceptance model (TAM) and stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework in the hospitality sector. The results are based on the data collected from 705 travelers who made online hotel reservations.

Findings

The findings demonstrate that online reviews, hotel website quality and hotel website convenience quotient favorably shape prospective tourists' perceived trust, magnifying their inclination to book a hotel online. Website convenience quotient and trust partially mediate the association between the constructs. In addition, the linkage between perceived trust and OHBI is strengthened by promotional offers but weakened by perceived risk.

Research limitations/implications

Our findings provide several important implications for hotel managers, prospective travelers, hotel owners, website developers, policymakers, hotel employees, the local community and competitors to expedite the growth of the Indian hotel industry.

Originality/value

The literature reveals that website convenience quotient, perceived trust and promotional offers have not received enough attention in the hospitality industry and warrant attention. Our study strives to broaden the scope of the TAM and SOR models to better understand these constructs in the backdrop of the Indian hospitality sector. The study also examines how promotional offers and perceived risk influence the linkages between the underlying constructs.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0401

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 17 July 2019

Aaron Cohen and Sari Ehrlich

Constructive deviance is a behavior that can contribute to the effectiveness of an organization despite its problematic nature. Too few studies have examined the correlates of…

4997

Abstract

Purpose

Constructive deviance is a behavior that can contribute to the effectiveness of an organization despite its problematic nature. Too few studies have examined the correlates of this behavior. The purpose of this study is to examine variables that represent exchange and organizational culture and their relationship to supervisor-reported and self-reported constructive deviance.

Design/methodology/approach

The survey data were collected from 602 employees (a response rate of 67 per cent) in a large municipality in central Israel. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analyses were performed for each of the dependent variables (three self-reported constructive deviances and three supervisor-reported constructive deviance) controlling for divisions and departments.

Findings

The findings showed that self-reported constructive deviance was explained much better by the independent variables than supervisor-reported deviance. Organizational justice and moral identity had a strong direct effect on constructive deviance (self-reported). The mediation effect showed that an organizational climate for innovation had the strongest mediation effect among the mediators. Psychological contract breach was found to have a limited effect on constructive deviance.

Practical implications

Organizations should encourage procedural justice to encourage their employees to act in support of the organization, whether openly (formal performance) or more secretly (constructive deviance). Also, organizations should support innovation climate if they want to increase constructive deviance of their employees.

Originality/value

In a time when innovation and creativity are gaining increasing importance as behaviors that contribute to organizational success, more research on constructive deviance is expected. This study increases our understanding of this important concept stimulates additional studies of it.

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Article
Publication date: 14 February 2023

Swapnarag Swain, Charles Jebarajakirthy, Haroon Iqbal Maseeh, Raiswa Saha, Nimit Gupta and Rajni Grover

This study aims to systematically review the permission marketing (PM) literature by synthesising research papers in this domain.

1019

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to systematically review the permission marketing (PM) literature by synthesising research papers in this domain.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted a hybrid review method comprising structured literature review and lexicometric analysis.

Findings

This study examines the development of PM research over time in terms of contexts, methods and theories. Further, this review proposes a conceptual framework showing the relationships between the antecedents, mediators, moderator and consequences reported in the PM literature.

Practical implications

This review gives critical insights for implementing permission-based marketing campaigns.

Originality/value

This systematic review synthesised literature on PM domain. Further, this study provides directions with respect to alternative theories, context, characteristics and methods to extend research on this domain.

Details

Marketing Intelligence & Planning, vol. 41 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-4503

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Article
Publication date: 28 September 2010

Vasiliki Vrana and Kostas Zafiropoulos

Using Travelpod.com, this paper aims to provide a methodology to locate central groups of travelers and to describe pattern characteristics of central travelers.

2047

Abstract

Purpose

Using Travelpod.com, this paper aims to provide a methodology to locate central groups of travelers and to describe pattern characteristics of central travelers.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses snowball sampling to locate travelers and analyze their hyperlink interconnections to identify central travelers' groups. Analysis of the adjacency matrix of the social network of travelers using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to identify core travelers' groups follows.

Findings

In total, 7 percent of travelers are considered central travelers. They form core groups containing the most active and information providing travelers. Group membership is correlated with common travelers' characteristics.

Research limitations/implications

The research is limited to a specific network of travelers, to a specific time interval, and to a specific sampling method. Repetition of the study in other travelers' networks in several time instances using a full list of member travelers would help to generalize the findings. Also, graph theoretical approaches other than the statistical analysis used could reveal more properties.

Practical implications

Travelers in core groups are more likely to be reached by others who navigate through a series of incoming links that lead to them and it is probable that these travelers have the potential to address many visitors and therefore to have a significant impact on the provision of information.

Originality/value

The originality of the paper lies in the use of multivariate statistics on the network adjacency matrix to locate core travelers groups and on finding groups of the most influential travelers.

Details

Journal of Enterprise Information Management, vol. 23 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0398

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 9 July 2004

Dawn T Robinson, Christabel L Rogalin and Lynn Smith-Lovin

After a vigorous debate in the late 1970s, the sociology of emotion put aside most discussion of whether or not the physiological arousal associated with emotion labels is…

Abstract

After a vigorous debate in the late 1970s, the sociology of emotion put aside most discussion of whether or not the physiological arousal associated with emotion labels is differentiated. Since this early period, scholars have made great progress on two fronts. First, theories about the interrelationship of identity, action and emotion have specified a family of new concepts related to emotion. Second, a large corpus of research on the physiological correlates of emotional experience emerged. In this chapter, we review the well-developed control theories of identity and emotion, and focus on the key concepts that might relate to different physiological states. We then review the general classes of physiological measures, discussing their reliability, intrusiveness and other features that might determine their usefulness for tracking responses to social interaction. We then offer a highly provisional mapping of physiological measures onto the concepts that they might potentially measure, given past research about how these physiological processes relate to environmental stimuli. While any linkage between concepts and measures must be speculative at this point, we hope that this review will serve as a stimulus to theoretically guided research that begins to assess the validity of these new measures for sociological use.

Details

Theory and Research on Human Emotions
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-76231-108-8

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