M. Saeed Ansari, Ali Mahani and Karim Mohammadi
To increase protection level against transient faults, circuit designers usually take advantage of redundant structures like Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR). Since redundancy…
Abstract
Purpose
To increase protection level against transient faults, circuit designers usually take advantage of redundant structures like Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR). Since redundancy compel a significant power overhead, proposing a low power fault tolerant technique in digital circuits is the main objective of this research work.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to moderate power consumption, we use a dual to triple modular redundancy. In fact, we put one of the modules in a TMR system in sleep mode while the other two operating modules are producing the same outputs. Once a mismatch is detected, the third one exits the sleep mode and the dual modular redundancy (DMR) approach turns into a conventional TMR. Also a novel stoppable clock generator is proposed to handle the sleep mode of the third module. Finally, a new three-input majority voter, compatible with our proposed technique, is presented.
Findings
Power analysis of combinational circuit benchmarks, ISCAS85, and ISCAS89 as sequential circuit benchmarks are depicted. Simulation results show the power reduction of up to 30% in comparison with the conventional modular redundancy approach.
Originality/value
Since modular redundancy is the most effective and the most well-known fault tolerant approach which is widely used in reliable circuits designs, it is important to reduce its power consumption. In this paper configuring the sleep mode operation of a circuit and stoppable clock generator lead to a new TMR technique in which the power consumption is strongly reduced.
Tracy A. Thompson and Jill M. Purdy
Institutional complexity shapes what is perceived as possible by framing cultural debates about practices, but organizations in turn shape how logics interpenetrate fields…
Abstract
Institutional complexity shapes what is perceived as possible by framing cultural debates about practices, but organizations in turn shape how logics interpenetrate fields, suggesting that we must consider both the degree of compatibility between logics and the degree of practice variation in a field. Our exploratory study of three entrepreneurial impact finance organizations considers how they situate their practices between the market and community logics. We offer a recursive view that considers how multiple institutional logics shape practices and how entrepreneurial organizations adapt and invent new practices that, through their continued use, can influence the institutional complexity of a field.
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Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar, Maryati Mohamed, Asmah Rahmat, Steven A. Burr and Jeffrey R. Fry
Research on cancer chemopreventive properties of fruits has increased in recent years. Polyphenols have been suggested to exert such effects. The purpose of this paper is to…
Abstract
Purpose
Research on cancer chemopreventive properties of fruits has increased in recent years. Polyphenols have been suggested to exert such effects. The purpose of this paper is to determine the cytotoxic activity of Mangifera pajang (bambangan) and Artocarpus odoratissimus (tarap) crude extracts against selected cancer cell lines (i.e. ovarian, liver and colon cancer) and to compare the amount of selected polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavanones, flavonols and flavones) in the kernel, peel and flesh of M. pajang; and the seed and flesh of A. odoratissimus.
Design/methodology/approach
Cytotoxicity activity of the extracts are investigated using MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay while polyphenols are determined using high performance liquid chromatography.
Findings
The results show that only the kernel and peel extracts from M. pajang display cytotoxic activity in liver and ovarian cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 34.5 to 92.0 μg/ml. The proliferation of colon cancer cell line is inhibited only by the kernel of M. pajang with IC50 value of 63.0 μg/ml. The kernel and peel from M. pajang contains a broad range of polyphenol phytochemicals which might be responsible for the cytotoxicity activity against selected cancer cell lines.
Originality/value
Previous reports have indicated that both M. pajang and A. odoratissimus contain high antioxidant properties. This study further determines the phytochemicals profiling in both fruits, which might contribute to the antioxidant activity. Besides that, the result from this study shows that the waste of the fruits (i.e. kernel and peel) contain superior phenolic phytochemicals and display better anticancer potential compared to the flesh; suggests the use of them in health‐industry application. Utilization of all parts of the fruits (i.e. flesh, seed, kernel and peel) for the development of nutraceutical and functional food application is suggested.
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Muhammad Farrukh, Ali Raza, Nabeel Younus Ansari and Umair Saeed Bhutta
This paper aims to analyze the regional distribution, size and evolution of the knowledge base by identifying key authors, documents, keywords and journals while examining current…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the regional distribution, size and evolution of the knowledge base by identifying key authors, documents, keywords and journals while examining current literature and intellectual structure, and highlight topical trends of green human resource management (GHRM) research.
Design/methodology/approach
As scholarly interest in the environment has grown, a new research focus in the discipline of human resource management (HRM) has emerged. The term GHRM was coined to describe how HRM may contribute to environmental outcomes. This scholarly focus has led to an increasing number of publications in this field. To analyze the intellectual structure of the GHRM research, a bibliometric technique is used.
Findings
The findings revealed a knowledge base that is still in the new phase, with a global scope, but most scholarly work is concentrated in Asian societies. By presenting an overview of the present state of the knowledge base, this study intends to lead a new generation of GHRM scholars.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of its kind, which probes the bibliometric reflection on green human resource management research history.
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Joel Gehman, Michael Lounsbury and Royston Greenwood
This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The papers delve deeply into the practical impact an institutional…
Abstract
This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The papers delve deeply into the practical impact an institutional approach enables, as well as how such research has the potential to influence policies relevant to critical institutional changes unfolding in the world today. In Volume 48A, the focus is on the micro foundations of institutional impacts. In Volume 48B, the focus is on the macro consequences of institutional arrangements. Our introduction provides an overview to the two volumes, identifies points of contact between the papers, and briefly summarizes each contribution. We close by noting avenues for future research on how institutions matter. Overall, the volumes provide a cross-section of cutting edge institutional thought and empirical research, highlighting a variety of fruitful directions for knowledge accumulation and development.
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Anne-Claire Pache and Patricia H. Thornton
This chapter identifies assumptions, conceptual issues and challenges in the literature on hybrid organizations that draws on the institutional logics perspective. The authors…
Abstract
This chapter identifies assumptions, conceptual issues and challenges in the literature on hybrid organizations that draws on the institutional logics perspective. The authors build on the existing literature reviews as well as on an analysis of the 10 most cited and 10 most recently published articles at the intersection of hybrid organizations and institutional logics. The authors further draw from the literature on theory construction and theory development and growth to strengthen our analysis of this body of work and reflect upon future theoretical developments. From this analysis, the authors highlight four challenges to current research on organizational hybridity with an institutional logics lens and develop four suggestions to inspire future research. In doing so, they aim at seeding a more nuanced use of the institutional logics perspective and thereby foster the development of innovative and cumulative theory and empirical research on organizational hybridity.
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Vipin Gupta and Shaista E. Khilji
The purpose of this paper is to broaden the conception of the base of the pyramid (BoP) from that of a low purchasing power community, to a globally disconnected community.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to broaden the conception of the base of the pyramid (BoP) from that of a low purchasing power community, to a globally disconnected community.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper identifies two views related to fortune at the BoP using the conventional purchasing power approach: finding fortune at the BoP; and creating fortune at the BoP. As a next step, the paper offers a theoretical basis for two additional views using the broader conception: sharing fortune with the BoP using social responsibility theory; and enabling fortune at the BoP using critical social theory. The authors construct an integrated framework to aid practitioners in responding to a variety of context‐specific issues in BoP strategy.
Findings
The conventional approach might result in undermining the dignity of BoP communities, and discrediting their unique knowledge systems and potential contributions. It is argued that a context‐sensitive approach can help address these issues to a great extent. In discussing context specific approaches, the paper also introduces the exchange value view that facilitates the need to evolve an open level playing field of value exchange between MNCs (and its partners) and BoP communities.
Research limitations/implications
There is a need for comparative empirical studies examining benefits and costs associated with (and the sustainability of) the three views proposed.
Originality/value
The paper offers a broader definition of the BoP, and provides alternative views going beyond the conventional strategy approach to BoP.
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Juhari Noor Faezah, M.Y. Yusliza, T. Ramayah, Adriano Alves Teixeira and Abdur Rachman Alkaf
The present work investigated the effect of corporate social responsibility and top management support on employee ecological behaviour (EEB) with the mediating role of green…
Abstract
Purpose
The present work investigated the effect of corporate social responsibility and top management support on employee ecological behaviour (EEB) with the mediating role of green culture and green commitment. Social identity theory (SIT) was used to describe the association between green culture, green commitment and EEB. Further, a conceptual model that summarises the interaction between perceived corporate social responsibility, top management support, green commitment, green culture and the adoption of ecological behaviour was developed.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper opted for a quantitative design using convenience sampling by collecting the data through a structured questionnaire gathered from 308 academics working in five Malaysian higher education institutions.
Findings
Corporate social responsibility and top management support positively influence green culture and commitment. Moreover, green commitment positively influenced EEB and fully mediated the relationship between corporate social responsibility and EEB and between top management support and EEB.
Research limitations/implications
The academic staff of universities was the target population of this research. Nevertheless, universities have a diverse population with complex activities that can affect the implementation of a sustainable workplace within the campus. Future research should also examine non-academic staff, including administrative, technical and operational staff, due to different employees' perceptions.
Originality/value
As far as the authors know, this is the first study to assign the mediator role to green culture in a relationship between top management support and EEB amongst academic staff in the Malaysian context. Future research should consider other intervening variables that influence adopting ecological behaviour.
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Viju Subramoniapillai and Govindharajan Thilagavathi
In recent years, oil spill pollution has become one of the main problems of environmental pollution. Recovering oil by means of sorbent materials is a very promising approach and…
Abstract
Purpose
In recent years, oil spill pollution has become one of the main problems of environmental pollution. Recovering oil by means of sorbent materials is a very promising approach and has acquired more attention due to its high cleanup efficiency. Compared to synthetic fibrous sorbents, the use of natural fibers in oil spill cleanups offers several advantages including environmental friendliness, degradable features and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, studies on developing sorbents using natural fibers for oil spill cleanup applications have become a research hotspot.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the work conducted by several researchers in developing oil sorbents from fibers such as cattail, nettle, cotton, milkweed, kapok, populous seed fiber and Metaplexis japonica fiber. Some featured critical parameters influencing the oil sorption capacity of fibrous substrates are discussed. Oil sorption capacity and reusability performance of various fibers are also discussed. Recent developments in oil spill cleanups and test methods for oil sorbents are briefly covered.
Findings
The main parameters influencing the oil sorption capacity of sorbents are fiber morphological structure, fiber density (g/cc), wax (%), hollowness (%) and water contact angle. An extensive literature review showed that oil sorption capacity is highest for Metaplexis japonica fiber followed by populous seed fiber, kapok, milkweed, cotton, nettle and cattail fiber. After use, the sorbents can be buried under soil or they can also be burned so that they can be vanished from the surface without causing environmental-related issues.
Originality/value
This review paper aims to summarize research studies conducted related to various natural fibers for oil spill cleanups, fiber structural characteristics influencing oil sorption and recent developments in oil spill cleanups. This work will inspire future researchers with various knowledge backgrounds, particularly, from a sustainability perspective.