Jesse Wynn, Aaron Hudyma, Elizabeth Hauptman, Tiffani Nicole Houston and James Michael Faragher
– The purpose of this paper is to seek to present an overview of past, present, and future approaches to the treatment of problem gambling.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to seek to present an overview of past, present, and future approaches to the treatment of problem gambling.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the literature concerning conceptual, historical, and clinical research perspectives on the treatment of problem gambling.
Findings
Perspectives on the etiology, maintenance, conceptualization, and treatment of problem gambling have evolved over time. Once seen as a failure of moral character, problem gambling is now considered to be an addictive disorder with similarities to substance abuse disorders. Empirical research into the treatment of problem gambling is progressing, but is relatively sparse compared to the body of research in other addictive disorders. Methodological issues have been identified that will need to be addressed in future research. Currently, cognitive-behavioral approaches have received the most attention and have the greatest amount of research support. Brief interventions, pharmacological interventions, family therapy, and Gamblers Anonymous are also in use. Future directions for problem gambling treatment that are being researched and implemented are mindfulness-based interventions and internet-based treatment approaches.
Originality/value
This review should be useful to those seeking general information about problem gambling treatment, its development, status, and future directions.
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Rebecca Gregory, Chang Su-Russell, Luke T. Russell and Carley Barrett
Purpose: Death is a universal inevitability of life, though parents and adults often report difficulty or concerns about discussing the topic with children. This investigation…
Abstract
Purpose: Death is a universal inevitability of life, though parents and adults often report difficulty or concerns about discussing the topic with children. This investigation reports on how parents of very young children (ages 3–6) have or would discuss death with their child, and what parents consider in navigating such discussions.
Methodology: In-depth interviews were conducted with parents (N = 24) of very young children (ages 3–6) to develop a grounded theory of parents actual and anticipated approaches to discussing death with children.
Findings: Parents generally described either seeking to protect children’s “innocence” by avoiding or limiting conversations of death, or, seeking to promote children’s socioemotional competence in confronting the complexities of death through more extensive discussions. We identified four factors we hypothesize may influence parents intended strategies for navigating these approaches: (1) parents’ past and current experiences related to death, (2) children’s exposure to deaths, (3) cultural and personal beliefs about death, and (4) parents’ knowledge and awareness of their child’s cognitive competences. While protection of children’s “innocence” and cultivation of children’s socioemotional competences are not opposing goals, these concepts appeared to be situated on a continuum.
Originality/Value: Given the prevalence of death in contemporary media, and an ongoing global pandemic, young children’s exposure to death will remain heightened for the foreseeable future. Family scholars and practitioners would be wise to prepare to assist families and children thoughtfully and compassionately. We further explore tools, resources, and strategies parents and professionals have found helpful in navigating these discussions.
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The most commonly described components of customer experience include cognitive and affective aspects. However, the subjective self-reported methods traditionally applied in…
Abstract
The most commonly described components of customer experience include cognitive and affective aspects. However, the subjective self-reported methods traditionally applied in tourism research cannot fully represent the instant, dynamic, and affective nature of customer experience. Therefore, there is a need for moment-based approaches and longitudinal methods in tourism research. The chapter provides a selective review of measures that can be used to assess the affective aspects of customer experience. Taking into account the advantages and limitations of each method, the integration of self-reported scales, moment-based psychophysiological techniques, and longitudinal methods should be considered as the best approach to measuring affective components of customer experience in tourism. This holistic interdisciplinary approach will help researchers and tourism practitioners understand the relationship between affective and cognitive components of tourists' pre-visit, onsite, and post-visit experience, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, identify weak points of tourists' customer journey, and maximize total travel experience.
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Louise Gillies and Helen M. Burrows
Families conduct their affairs through processes that are built upon those of previous generations and also social capacities such as culture, class, oppression and poverty. The…
Abstract
Families conduct their affairs through processes that are built upon those of previous generations and also social capacities such as culture, class, oppression and poverty. The media has played a part in stereotyping the lower classes through their portrayal on the television programmes such as Benefits Street and Jeremy Kyle and tabloid newspaper stories. This chapter is a case study of two families who are at the opposing ends of the social scale, the Horrobin/Carter and Aldridge families. The two families were chosen due to them being linked by marriage in the younger generation. Through the use of genograms, we explore how the families differ in their attitudes towards relationships within their individual families, and also how they relate to each other as separate family groups. Despite the many differences, there are also a number of key similarities, particularly regarding the key females in the families, in terms of family background and snobbery. We also show that there is little family loyalty in the more privileged family and a power differential between the two families (oppressors vs. oppressed) in terms of the crimes committed.
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Pravin S. Pachpor, R.L. Shrivastava, Dinesh Seth and Shaligram Pokharel
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of Petri nets in a job shop setup for the improvement in the utilization of machines.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of Petri nets in a job shop setup for the improvement in the utilization of machines.
Design/methodology/approach
The study discusses concepts such as reachable state, token and matrix equations set, and demonstrates the improvements in machines’ utilization in a job shop. It makes use of algorithms to generate reachable markings to obtain utilization. The study not only describes the application of theory, but also extends the body of knowledge on Petri nets and job shops.
Findings
In this study, machines’ utilization has been studied in a job shop with six machines and eight products. The study finds that substantial utilization improvement in job shop set up can be obtained through the application of Petri nets. The study also exposes that Petri nets are mostly used for machines, jobs and tools scheduling problems, but its use in machines’ utilization is neglected. The framework and application presented here along with generalizable findings, is the first to report about machine utilization improvement in job shop manufacturing environment.
Practical implications
Job shops are characterized by high unit production cost, low investments, low volume and high variety, complex flows, flexible and skilled work force, general purpose machines, high material handling; resulting in poor utilization of machines. Therefore, the findings of this study can help in reducing such costs through better machine utilization. This can help in increasing the competitiveness of the companies.
Originality/value
The contribution of study lies in investigating and improving stage wise utilization in a job shop setup. It has never been reported before.
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Tanmoy Hazra, C.R.S. Kumar and Manisha Nene
The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for a two-agent multi-target-searching scenario in a two-dimensional region, where some places of the region have limited resource…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for a two-agent multi-target-searching scenario in a two-dimensional region, where some places of the region have limited resource capacity in terms of the number of agents that can simultaneously pass through those places and few places of the region are unreachable that expand with time. The proposed cooperative search model and Petri net model facilitate the search operation considering the constraints mentioned in the paper. The Petri net model graphically illustrates different scenarios and helps the agents to validate the strategies.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors have applied an optimization approach to determine the optimal locations of base stations, a cooperative search model, inclusion–exclusion principle, Cartesian product to optimize the search operation and a Petri net model to validate the search technique.
Findings
The proposed approach finds the optimal locations of the base stations in the region. The proposed cooperative search model allows various constraints such as resource capacity, time-dependent unreachable places/obstacles, fuel capacities of the agents, two types of targets assigned to two agents and limited sortie lengths. On the other hand, a Petri net model graphically represents whether collisions/deadlocks between the two agents are possible or not for a particular combination of paths as well as effect of time-dependent unreachable places for different combination of paths are also illustrated.
Practical implications
The problem addressed in this paper is similar to various real-time problems such as rescue operations during/after flood, landslide, earthquake, accident, patrolling in urban areas, international borders, forests, etc. Thus, the proposed model can benefit various organizations and departments such as rescue operation authorities, defense organizations, police departments, etc.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the problem addressed in this paper has not been completely explored, and the proposed cooperative search model to conduct the search operation considering the above-mentioned constraints is new. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no paper has modeled time-dependent unreachable places with the help of Petri net.
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Anish Sachdeva, Dinesh Kumar and Pradeep Kumar
This paper seeks to propose a methodology based on Petri nets to evaluate the reliability parameters of a screening system in paper industry. The effects of failures and courses…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks to propose a methodology based on Petri nets to evaluate the reliability parameters of a screening system in paper industry. The effects of failures and courses of action on the system performance have also been investigated.
Design/methodology/approach
Generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN), a class of Petri nets, has been used to model the interactions amongst the active/standby units of the system; and Markovian approach has been used to evaluate the reliability parameters. The data related to equipments' operational behavior were collected, processed and quantified. Using the data, reliability analysis of system in the long run conditions has been carried out. The sensitivity analysis has been performed to study the effect of failure/repair rates of each unit of the system on system performance.
Findings
The methodology adopted in this paper provides a better understanding on the behavior of the system through its graphical representation. The reachability graph generated with Petri net model helps to identify the state space evolution of the system.
Originality/value
Reliability analysis of a screening system of the paper industry presented in this paper will help management in deciding upon the maintenance strategy to be adopted with the objective of improving the performance of the system and consequently reducing the operational and maintenance costs.
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Hajer Taktak and Faouzi Moussa
Many features constitute an adaptive system such as user model, interface specification, business functionalities and service implementation. Context awareness is an important…
Abstract
Purpose
Many features constitute an adaptive system such as user model, interface specification, business functionalities and service implementation. Context awareness is an important facet of service oriented application creation dealing with the gathering, use and representation of context information. Generally, user interfaces and services communities work separately on the adaptation process and do not converge. The aim of this work is to manage the system’s functionalities and the user interface that delivers data to the relevant consumer early since the design phase until the code generation.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors discuss how a unified method based on a model-driven architecture for adaptive user interface and pervasive service creation eases the work of designers and developers, limits incompatibility issues and supports dynamic generation of systems adapted to different contexts of use.
Findings
The proposed approach is able to support a semi-automatic ubiquitous application generation with service, behavior, presentation and content adaptation.
Originality/value
In this paper, the authors tackle context-awareness at two levels: system functionalities and user interface generation. The authors also tackle adaptation at the specification and implementation levels.
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Asawin Wongwiwat, Erik L.J. Bohez and Roongrat Pisuchpen
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new generic hybrid Petri Net (PN) model combined with the lowest makespan cut (LMC) for job shop scheduling problems in mold…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new generic hybrid Petri Net (PN) model combined with the lowest makespan cut (LMC) for job shop scheduling problems in mold manufacturing to minimize the makespan of the mold part manufacture schedule.
Design/methodology/approach
The LMC algorithm finds a solution close to the optimal solution. The searching of the LMC algorithm starts from the lowest estimated makespan (lowest makespan). Almost all of the lowest makespans (LM) are infeasible makespans. A shifting percentage (SP) is added to the LM to obtain the shifting makespan (SM). The SM is compared with the completion time computed from the reachability tree of the Petri Net (PN) model. If the completion time is greater than the SM, the corresponding branch is cut from the reachability graph, and the SM will be compared with another branch from the reachability tree. There are two scenarios. In the first scenario, there is no feasible solution resulting from the comparison of the completion time and the SM, because the SM is lower than all of the feasible solutions. Therefore, the SP is used to increase the SM. On the contrary, in the second scenario, there is a feasible solution: the SP is used to reduce the SM. In the first scenario, a makespan that is lower than the optimal makespan is found. In the second scenario, a makespan that is greater than the optimal makespan is found. After getting close to bounds of the optimal makespan, the least makespan found in the bounds is the best solution.
Findings
The integration of the Petri Net (PN) model and the LMC algorithm can help to improve the production efficiency. In a case study, the proposed algorithm is being compared with other heuristical methods which are practical examples of mold makespans based on the shortest and the longest processing times. The schedule or the sequence obtained by the proposed algorithm is 30% less than the other methods.
Research limitations/implications
This research will consider scheduling multiple mold. The mold design and the mold testing phase are not considered.
Practical implications
The time to produce a mold is very important. Reducing the mold production time will provide more time for mold assembly and testing. The aim of LMC algorithm is minimize the makespan. The time to produce a mold is reduced by finding the best sequence of the jobs and machines.
Originality/value
This paper proposes the new generic hybrid Petri Net model combined with LMC for job shop scheduling problem in the case of mold making shop to optimize the makespan of mold parts scheduling.
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S. Thomas Ng, Yuan Fang and Onuegbu O. Ugwu
The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential of applying Petri nets to improve construction material logistics analysis and modelling.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential of applying Petri nets to improve construction material logistics analysis and modelling.
Design/methodology/approach
The characteristics of construction logistics are unveiled by analysing the existing practices of logistics management. In views of the dynamic nature of construction logistics problem, a stochastic Petri nets (SPNs) approach is proposed to tackle the time‐evolution property. Using a simulation package called PetriTool™ a simulation model is developed. Finally, a case example is applied to illustrate the way in which SPNs is used for analysing and modelling construction material logistics problems.
Findings
The results indicate that the impacts triggered by variations in delivery lead‐time and changes in delivery quantities can be approximated thereby facilitating decision makers to devise a more reliable and optimal materials management plan for construction projects.
Research limitations/implications
The complex routing patterns in demand analysis and materials procurement methods that results in the enlarged supply chains have not been considered in this paper.
Practical implications
The lack of a simple but powerful formalism to analyse and model the decision process under a dynamic environment hinders the implementation of efficient logistics systems in the construction industry. The SPNs model presented in this paper can support planners and managers in making construction logistics management decisions under dynamic environment.
Originality/value
This paper demonstrates that the time‐based SPNs can offer more enriched solutions especially when modelling the time‐evolution behaviours of construction logistics.