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Article
Publication date: 22 December 2023

Takumi Kato, Yuko Endo, Sayu Fujiwara, Yu Zhu, Takahiko Umeyama and Susumu Kamei

As a measure against plastic waste, Coca-Cola and Evian have begun introducing label-free plastic bottles. Food labels have long been recognized as an important marketing tool…

323

Abstract

Purpose

As a measure against plastic waste, Coca-Cola and Evian have begun introducing label-free plastic bottles. Food labels have long been recognized as an important marketing tool, but there is a lack of research on label-free products. To address this gap, this study examined the influence of label-free design on product attractiveness in the Japanese green tea market.

Design/methodology/approach

If existing products are used in an experiment, respondents would be subject to brand image bias. Hence, by mechanically combining the main design elements (cap shape, bottle style, decoration line, logo and label) with an orthogonal array, the conditions for bottles with and without labels are completely aligned. The authors conducted an online survey and applied the chi-square test to the attractiveness of 18 designs presented in random order.

Findings

Label-free designs were more attractive to consumers than labeled designs. The effect was higher among female, middle-aged and older adults; those with higher annual income and low-frequency purchasers.

Practical implications

Practitioners should adopt a label-free design that can satisfy both environmental considerations and customer value. It would be a formidable challenge to change the longstanding emphasis placed on label design, but this study demonstrates the value of doing so.

Originality/value

This is the first study in the package design literature on the advantages of label-free plastic bottles. The authors also applied an orthogonal array used for many years to optimize objective numerical values in marketing research.

Details

Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 36 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-5855

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Article
Publication date: 21 March 2016

Sahour Sayed, Mohammed Gamil, Ahmed Fath El-Bab, Koichi Nakamura, Toshiyuki Tsuchiya, Osamu Tabata and Ahmed Abd El-Moneim

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new simple technique to synthesize graphene film on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and applied as a strain sensor.

743

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new simple technique to synthesize graphene film on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and applied as a strain sensor.

Design/methodology/approach

Graphene film was synthesized using laser treatment of graphene oxide (GO) film deposited on PET substrate. A universal laser system was used to simultaneously reduce and pattern the GO film into laser reduced graphene oxide (LRGO) film.

Findings

The laser treatment synthesizes a multilayer graphene film with overlapped flakes, which shows structure integrity, mechanical flexibility and electrical conductivity of 1,330 S/m. The developed LRGO/PET film was used to fabricate a high sensitivity strain sensor. The sensitivity and temperature dependency of its gauge factor (GF) was examined at applied strains up to 0.25 per cent and operating temperatures up to 80°C. The fabricated sensor shows stable GF of approximately 78 up to 60°C with standard error of the mean not exceeding approximately ± 0.2.

Originality/value

The proposed method offers a new simple and productive technique of fabricating large-scale graphene-based flexible devices at a low cost.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 36 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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Article
Publication date: 18 November 2021

Mohamed Tiss, Zoubeida Souiy, Lotfi Achour and Khaled Hamden

This study paper aims to evaluate the Phytochemical Composition, anti-obesity, anti-antipyretic and analgesic effect of Ephedra alata (Ea) extracts.

106

Abstract

Purpose

This study paper aims to evaluate the Phytochemical Composition, anti-obesity, anti-antipyretic and analgesic effect of Ephedra alata (Ea) extracts.

Design/methodology/approach

Obesity was induced in male Wistar rats through a high-fat/fructose diet (HF/FD). Control rats received a standard diet.

Findings

Results of this study showed that the Ea methanol extract (MEEa) exhibited a prominent selective inhibitory effect against lipase activity (IC50 = 1.29 mg/ml) as compared to water and ethyl acetate extracts (with IC50 = 1.63 and 1.89, respectively). Also, MEEa exert antipyretic and analgesic activities. In high-fat-high-fructose diet rats, the administration of MEEa inhibited lipase activity in the intestine, pancreas and serum by 53%, 40% and 53%, respectively. It was found to significantly decrease body weight by 20% (p = 0.09) and delay the absorption of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and increase HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). In addition, MEEa efficiently decreased a-amylase activity in the intestine, pancreas and serum by 43%, 26% and 46%, respectively, and blood glucose level by 35% (p = 0.06).

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study demonstrates for the first time that MEEa are efficient in preventing obesity and hyperglycemia, pain and fever.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 52 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2016

Qianqian Zheng, Liangliang Chen, Luyao Lu and Xuesong Ye

Olfaction plays a very important role in daily life. The olfactory system has the ability to recognize, discriminate and identify thousands of odorant compounds with extremely…

364

Abstract

Purpose

Olfaction plays a very important role in daily life. The olfactory system has the ability to recognize, discriminate and identify thousands of odorant compounds with extremely high sensitivity and specificity. The research on olfactory system has very important values in exploring the mechanisms of information processing in the other sensory nervous systems and brain. Recently, with the development of molecular biological and microelectronics technology research, the study of olfactory cell-based sensors has made great progress. The purpose of this paper is to provide details of recent developments in olfactory cell-based sensors.

Design/methodology/approach

Following an introduction, this paper first discusses some olfactory cell-based biosensors, which focus on the light-addressable potentiometric sensors and the microelectrode arrays. Second, surface modification, microfabrication and microfluidic technology which can improve the efficiency of cell immobilization will be summarized. The research trends of olfactory cell-based sensor in future will be proposed.

Findings

This paper shows that the biosensors’ performance is expected to be greatly improved due to the fast development of nanotechnology, optical technology and microelectronics. More and more emerging intelligent olfactory sensors will have a promising prospect in many application fields, including food quality and safety assessment, environmental monitor and human diseases detection.

Originality/value

This paper provides a detailed and timely review of the rapidly growing research in the olfactory cell-based sensors.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 36 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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Article
Publication date: 12 July 2019

Abhinava Tripathi, Alok Dixit and Vipul

The purpose of this study is to systematically review and analyze the literature in the area of liquidity of financial markets. The study summarizes the key findings and…

1882

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to systematically review and analyze the literature in the area of liquidity of financial markets. The study summarizes the key findings and approaches and highlights the research gaps in the extant literature.

Design/methodology/approach

A variety of reputed databases are utilized to select 100 research papers, from a large pool of nearly 3,000 research papers spanning between 1972 and 2018 using systematic literature review methodology. The selected research papers are organized to provide an in-depth analysis and an account of the ongoing research in the area of liquidity. The study uses bibliometric network visualization and word-cloud analyses to compile and analyze the literature.

Findings

The study summarizes the recent approaches in the liquidity research on aspects such as methodologies followed, variables applied, sub-areas covered, and the types of economies and markets covered. The article shows that the literature on liquidity in the emerging markets (e.g. China and India) is deficient. Overall, the following research areas related to liquidity need further exploration in the context of emerging markets: liquidity beyond the best bid-ask quotes, intraday return predictability using microstructure variables (e.g. order imbalances), impact of algorithmic-trading and volatility of liquidity.

Originality/value

To the best of authors’ knowledge, in the recent past, a detailed account of the literature on liquidity has not been published. It provides a comprehensive collection and classification of the literature on the liquidity of financial markets. This would be helpful to the future researchers, academics and practitioners in the area of financial markets.

Details

Studies in Economics and Finance, vol. 37 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1086-7376

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Publication date: 23 December 2005

Peter G. Szilagyi

In the past decade, academic research has been awash with proposals on how Japan should reform, redesign and administer its bank-based financial system (Schinasi & Smith, 1998;…

Abstract

In the past decade, academic research has been awash with proposals on how Japan should reform, redesign and administer its bank-based financial system (Schinasi & Smith, 1998; Kuratani & Endo, 2000; Hattori, Koyama, & Yonetani, 2001; Rhee, 2001; Baba & Hisada, 2002; Batten & Szilagyi, 2003). Until the late 1980s, this unique regime, involving banks having cross-ownership with industry, was a driving force behind Japan's post-war economic miracle. However, the burst of the asset bubble, and the subsequent prolonged ailing of both the banking sector and the economy as a whole suggests that during the bubble period, the monitoring effectiveness of banks was compromised by a lack of independence from industry and the absence of external discipline. This banking crisis ultimately impaired the corporate sector's fund-raising ability, while trapping excess liquidity in the financial system through a lack of attractive investment choice afforded to risk-averse Japanese investors.

Details

Asia Pacific Financial Markets in Comparative Perspective: Issues and Implications for the 21st Century
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-76231-258-0

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Article
Publication date: 6 February 2023

Nofirman Firdaus, Hasnida Ab-Samat and Bambang Teguh Prasetyo

This paper reviews the literature on maintenance strategies for energy efficiency as a potential maintenance approach. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main concept…

627

Abstract

Purpose

This paper reviews the literature on maintenance strategies for energy efficiency as a potential maintenance approach. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main concept and common principle for each maintenance strategy for energy efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review has been carried out on maintenance and energy efficiency. The paper systematically classified the literature into three maintenance strategies (e.g. inspection-based maintenance [IBM], time-based maintenance [TBM] and condition-based maintenance [CBM]). The concept and principle of each maintenance strategy are identified, compared and discussed.

Findings

Each maintenance strategy's main concept and principle are identified based on the following criteria: data required and collection, data analysis/modeling and decision-making. IBM relies on human senses and common senses to detect energy faults. Any detected energy losses are quantified to energy cost. A payback period analysis is commonly used to justify corrective actions. On the other hand, CBM monitors relevant parameters that indicate energy performance indicators (EnPIs). Data analysis or deterioration modeling is needed to identify energy degradation. For the diagnostics approach, the energy degradation is compared with the threshold to justify corrective maintenance. The prognostics approach estimates when energy degradation reaches its threshold; therefore, proper maintenance tasks can be planned. On the other hand, TBM uses historical data from energy monitoring. Data analysis or deterioration modeling is required to identify degradation. Further analysis is performed to find the optimal time to perform a maintenance task. The comparison between housekeeping, IBM and CBM is also discussed and presented.

Practical implications

The literature on the classification of maintenance strategies for energy efficiency has been limited. On the other hand, the ISO 50001 energy management systems standard shows the importance of maintenance for energy efficiency (MFEE). Therefore, to bridge the gap between research and industry, the proposed concept and principle of maintenance strategies will be helpful for practitioners to apply maintenance strategies as energy conservation measures in implementing ISO 50001 standard.

Originality/value

The novelty of this paper is in-depth discussion on the concept and principle of each maintenance strategy (e.g. housekeeping or IBM, TBM and CBM) for energy efficiency. The relevant literature for each maintenance strategy was also summarized. In addition, basic rules for maintenance strategy selection are also proposed.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 29 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

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Article
Publication date: 11 September 2009

L. Li and C. Wang

The purpose of this paper is to research the durability of the adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints.

195

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to research the durability of the adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints.

Design/methodology/approach

The adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) joints are prepared with poly ethylene terephthalate film synthesised from thioglycolic acid, terpene hydrocarbon resin and acetone resolution at room temperature. These joints are characterised by methods of peel strength tests, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and analysis of glass transition temperature (Tg) to examine their durability.

Findings

Peel strength tests and EDX analyses prove that water diffusion in different humidity aging conditions causes similar changes, namely having the time‐temperature equivalence at 45°C for 200, 300, 500 and 600 h, respectively, almost corresponding with those at 55°C for 100, 200, 300 and 400 h, respectively, and at 65°C for 50, 100, 150 and 200 h, respectively. The changes in EDX spectra of adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints indicate that the rate of water penetration in the adhesive is faster than that in the poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. In humidity aging process, the decline ratio of peel strength of adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints treated with Co60 irradiation is lower than that treated with acetone washing or chemical treatment.

Originality/value

The paper shows that using EDX for analysis of durability of adhesive film joints is of significance to industrial process.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 38 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 24 June 2019

Angelica Lo Duca and Andrea Marchetti

This paper aims to describe Tourpedia, a website about tourism, built on open data provided by official government agencies. Tourpedia provides data under a public license.

255

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to describe Tourpedia, a website about tourism, built on open data provided by official government agencies. Tourpedia provides data under a public license.

Design/methodology/approach

Tourpedia is built upon a modular architecture, which allows a developer to add a new source of data easily. This is achieved through a simple mapping language, namely, Tourpedia mapping language, which maps the original open data set model to the Tourpedia data model.

Findings

Tourpedia contains more than 70.000 accommodations, downloaded from open data provided by Italian, French and Spanish regions.

Research limitations/implications

Tourpedia presents some limitations. First, extracted data are not homogeneous and often they are incomplete or wrong. Second, Tourpedia contains only accommodations. Finally, at the moment Tourpedia covers only some Italian, French and Spanish regions.

Practical implications

The most important implication of Tourpedia concerns the construction of a single access point for all Italian, French and Spanish open data about accommodations. In addition, a simple mechanism for the integration of new sources of open data is defined.

Social implications

The current version of Tourpedia opens also the road to three new possible social scenarios. First, Tourpedia could be transformed into an open source of updated information about tourism. Second, Tourpedia could be empowered to support tours, which include some tourist attractions and/or events and suggest the nearest accommodations. Finally, Tourpedia may help tourists to discover unknown places.

Originality/value

Tourpedia constitutes an access point for data sets providers, application developers and tourists because it provides a unique website.

研究目的

本论文介绍了Tourpedia, 一种以政府提供的开放数据为基础建立的旅游网站。Tourpedia通过公共执照来提供数据。

研究设计/方法/途径

Tourpedia采用模块型结构建设而成, 方便开放商增加新数据源。这种设计通过简单映射语言, 即Tourpedia Mapping Language(TML), 使得原开放数据模型映射到Tourpedia Data Model(TDM)。

研究结果

Tourpedia包含70,000多家住宿服务, 可从意大利、法国、和西班牙国家区域提供的开放数据中下载。

研究理论限制/意义

Tourpedia有一些限制。首先, 其数据并非均质而且很多情况下不完整或者错误。第二, Tourpedia只包含住宿业数据。最后, 目前Tourpedia只包含一些意大利、法国、和西班牙国家区域的数据。

研究实践意义

Tourpedia最重要的实践启示就是其通过单一信息渠道以涵盖所有意大利、法国、和西班牙国家区域关于住宿业的开放数据。此外, 新源开放数据的整合机制简单。

研究社会意义

当前Tourpedia版本展开了三种社会场景的可能。首先, Tourpedia可以被改造成更新版的旅游信息开放数据源。第二, Tourpedia可以被用来支撑旅游活动, 包括提供一些游客景点和/或活动和就近住宿信息等。最后, Tourpedia可以帮助游客探索未知旅游目的地。

研究原创性

Tourpedia是一个独特的网站, 作为数据源, 为数据提供者、应用程序开发者、和游客提供便利。

Details

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9880

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Article
Publication date: 6 November 2007

I.V. Singh, Masataka Tanaka, J. Zhang and M. Endo

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the thermal properties of carbon nanotube composites via meshless element free Galerkin (EFG) method.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the thermal properties of carbon nanotube composites via meshless element free Galerkin (EFG) method.

Design/methodology/approach

The EFG method is based on moving least square approximation, which is constructed by three components: a weight function associated with each node, a basis function and a set of non‐constant coefficients. In principle, EFG method is almost identical to finite element method. The EFG method does not require elements for the interpolation (or approximation) of field variable, but only requires a set of nodes for the construction of approximation function.

Findings

The equivalent thermal conductivity of the composite has been calculated, and plotted against nanotube length, nanotube radius, RVE length, and RVE radius. Temperature distribution has been obtained and plotted with RVE length. An approximate numerical formula is proposed to calculate the equivalent thermal conductivity of CNT‐composites. Present computations show that the addition of 6.2 per cent (by volume) of CNT in polymer matrix increases the thermal conductivity of the composite by 42 per cent, whereas 16.1 per cent of CNT addition increases the thermal conductivity of the composite by 352 per cent.

Research limitations/implications

An ideal model, i.e. representative volume element containing single CNT has been taken to evaluate the thermal properties of CNT‐composites.

Practical implications

A simplified approach based on EFG method has been developed to evaluate the overall thermal conductivity of the CNT‐composites.

Originality/value

Continuum mechanics‐based mesh‐free EFG method has been successfully implemented for the thermal analysis of CNT‐composites.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 17 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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