J. Gisbert, M. Bonet, P. Díaz, I. Montava and P. Monllor
Electron beam is a way of radiation that can induce different reactions on polymers. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effect that the electron beam can produce on…
Abstract
Purpose
Electron beam is a way of radiation that can induce different reactions on polymers. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effect that the electron beam can produce on polyester fabrics.
Design/methodology/approach
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibres were treated at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 KGy. Later on surface modification was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Colorimetric and thermal measurements were studied too, as well as traction resistance.
Findings
Traction resistance showed no significant variations. As a result the authors could observe some changes in fabric witnesses and cristallinity increase, but no changes in traction resistance were observed. Moreover, when surface was studied, roughness was increased as oligomers moved towards fibre surface because of radiation dose.
Originality/value
The authors could appreciate roughness increased with radiation dose as well as yellowness and crystallinity.
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This paper aims to discuss the effectiveness of the European Union (EU) at World Radiocommunication Conferences (WRCs) by comparing EU objectives prior to and outcomes of recent…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the effectiveness of the European Union (EU) at World Radiocommunication Conferences (WRCs) by comparing EU objectives prior to and outcomes of recent WRCs.
Design/methodology/approach
A thematic analysis of qualitative data extracted from documents is conducted. The effectiveness of the EU is discussed by using the concepts of agenda-setting and coalition-building, borrowed from international relations literature.
Findings
A clear conclusion on EU effectiveness could not be drawn based on the degree of match between EU objectives and WRC outcomes. Other factors need to be included in the analysis, such as relevance of the EU’s participation at WRCs to the EU member states and availability and allocation of EU resources to the various stages of the WRC process.
Research limitations/implications
Further research is encouraged to investigate the role of the EU at WRCs. In particular, interviews with experts involved in the WRC process may help gather relevant information on EU relevance and EU resource availability and allocation.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to existing research on international radio spectrum regulation by drawing attention to the role of the EU as an international actor.
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This paper describes the use of the incremental flow formulation for the numerical analysis of forming processes. This formulation is based on the approximation of the flow type…
Abstract
This paper describes the use of the incremental flow formulation for the numerical analysis of forming processes. This formulation is based on the approximation of the flow type of constitutive equations by means of an algorithmic equation based on geometry changes over a timestep. The resulting equilibrium equations are functions of nodal positions. Hence geometrical constraints such as contact and incompressibility can be enforced in an exact manner. Two types of incremental equations leading to first and second order time approximations are presented. The more accurate case is based on the incremental logarithmic stretches. Several examples will be used to demonstrate the validity of the method.
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Rocío Bonet, Marta M. Elvira and Stefano Visintin
The authors provide a comprehensive review of existing turnover studies in Spain. The literature review reveals that research on voluntary turnover is scarce, while other types of…
Abstract
The authors provide a comprehensive review of existing turnover studies in Spain. The literature review reveals that research on voluntary turnover is scarce, while other types of mobility, such as involuntary separations, downsizing, and planned turnover through contract date expiration, have received substantial attention. The authors identify the main institutional characteristics of Spain and explain why these may contribute to the low incidence of voluntary turnover. Specifically, the authors note that employment protection legislation, high unemployment, high unemployment insurance, centralized collective bargaining, the composition of the sector, high power distance, and in-group collectivism are important drivers of the patterns observed in existing turnover studies. The authors also explore how some of the mechanisms and processes exposed by key turnover theories may be applicable to the Spanish context. This chapter highlights the importance of paying attention to the role of the institutional and cultural context to understand different mobility patterns in the labor market. The authors also suggest several avenues for future research including the study of different turnover types, employer and employee outcomes, cultural variations, and employment practices.
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Cosmas Gatot Haryono, Thomas Bambang Pamungkas and Louisa Hartanto
The purpose of this study is to investigate the strategies used by Ciputra Film Festival organizers to package the festival as an inclusive festival. It will be revealed how film…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the strategies used by Ciputra Film Festival organizers to package the festival as an inclusive festival. It will be revealed how film festivals serve as a means of collaboration for various Indonesian film communities.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was carried out using an exploratory method, a qualitative approach and an interpretive paradigm, in which researchers put themselves in the shoes of the participants.
Findings
According to the findings of the thematic analysis, the strategy for organizing the Ciputra Film Festival (from the beginning of planning to the end of the festival) promotes the values of diversity from each community. They promote the festival as a celebration of diversity as well as a collaboration among local film communities that reflect the characteristics of the Indonesian nation, which is indeed very diverse in terms of ethnicity, culture, social and political preferences. The local film community is active in all aspects of the festival, including consumption, production, political participation and social interaction.
Practical implications
The organization of the Ciputra Film Festival has attempted to be inclusive by uniting the interests of the local film community, local culture and the film business. However, some community aspirations and the existence of local cultural elements must continue to be prioritized so that participants and visitors get the best experience.
Originality/value
This study advances a discussion of inclusive film festival events that collaborate with as many local film communities as possible, with the goal of identifying specific practices of engaging local film communities that contribute to inclusivity.
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Megan Burfoot, Ali GhaffarianHoseini, Amirhosein Ghaffarianhoseini and Nicola Naismith
To maximise acoustic comfort in a classroom, the acoustic conditions of the space should be variable. So, the optimal acoustic state also changes when the classroom changes from a…
Abstract
Purpose
To maximise acoustic comfort in a classroom, the acoustic conditions of the space should be variable. So, the optimal acoustic state also changes when the classroom changes from a study environment into a lecture environment. Passive Variable Acoustic Technology (PVAT) alters a room’s Reverberation Time (RT) by changing the total sound absorption in a room. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the improvements to classroom acoustic comfort when using PVAT.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is conducted in an existing tertiary classroom at Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. The PVAT is prototyped, and the RTs are measured according to international standards before and after classroom installation. The acoustic measurement method used is a cost-effective application tool where pre- and post-conditions are of primary concern.
Findings
PVAT is found to offer statistically significant improvements in RT, but the key benefits are realised in its’ ability to vary RT for different classroom situations. It is predicted that the RT recommendations for two room types outlined in the acoustic standard AS/NZS 2107:2016 are satisfied when using PVAT in a single classroom space. By optimising RT, the acoustic comfort during both study and lecture is significantly improved.
Originality/value
When PVAT is combined with an intelligent system – Intelligent Passive Room Acoustic Technology (IPRAT) – it can detect sound waves in real time to identify the optimal RT. This paper details a pilot case study that works towards quantifying the benefits of IPRAT, by prototyping and testing the PVAT component of the system.
Highlights
A pilot case study outlines the development and test of a variable acoustic prototype in a tertiary classroom
A method is adopted to measure acoustic conditions, using three under-researched Android applications
The benefits of PVAT are realised in its ability to vary RT by adjusting the prototypes’ sound absorption
By using PVAT in a single space, the recommended RTs for two room types outlined in the acoustic standard AS/NZS 2107:2016 can be satisfied
The improvements in acoustic comfort due to PVAT are statistically significant
A pilot case study outlines the development and test of a variable acoustic prototype in a tertiary classroom
A method is adopted to measure acoustic conditions, using three under-researched Android applications
The benefits of PVAT are realised in its ability to vary RT by adjusting the prototypes’ sound absorption
By using PVAT in a single space, the recommended RTs for two room types outlined in the acoustic standard AS/NZS 2107:2016 can be satisfied
The improvements in acoustic comfort due to PVAT are statistically significant
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Mwajuma Muya, Bahati Ilembo and Mackfallen Anasel
This paper examines factors affecting the delivery care (DC) and postnatal care (PNC) services utilization in Tanzania using the predictive accuracy of the binary logit model by…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines factors affecting the delivery care (DC) and postnatal care (PNC) services utilization in Tanzania using the predictive accuracy of the binary logit model by including DC as among the predictors of PNC utilization.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used secondary data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey (2022) based on a sample of 13,266 women aged 15–49. Binary logit was used to analyze the association between independent variables and each binary dependent variable, followed by a stepwise likelihood ratio test for binary logistic regression analysis to select the most important predictors associated with DC and PNC. Odds ratios were used to predict the likelihood of the occurrence of significant explanatory variables in explaining the outcomes.
Findings
The results showed that the type of place of residence, wealth index, region, highest educational level, husband/partner’s level of education and respondent’s occupation were significant predictors of DC utilization. In contrast, the woman’s age, region, highest educational level, wealth index, DC and husband/partner’s educational level were significant predictors of PNC utilization. Public health interventions are needed to promote and increase the utilization of delivery and postal care services. The targets should be poor women and those residing in rural or remote areas.
Originality/value
Including DC as a predictor variable (which was not used before) in PNC utilization improved the predictive power of the model and the robustness of the results.
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Hamed Kord-Varkaneh, Ammar Salehi-Sahlabadi, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, Somaye Fatahi, Ehsan Ghaedi, Ali Nazari, Maryam Seyfishahpar and Jamal Rahmani
The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials with the aim to determine and quantify the anti-hyperglycemic effects of…
Abstract
Purpose
The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials with the aim to determine and quantify the anti-hyperglycemic effects of glutamine (Gln) in acute and chronic clinical settings.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a comprehensive search of all randomized clinical trials performed up to December 2018, to identify those investigating the impact of Gln supplementation on fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) via ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library PubMed and SCOPUS databases. A meta-analysis of eligible studies was conducted using random effects model to estimate the pooled effect size. Fractional polynomial modeling was used to explore the dose–response relationships between Gln supplementation and diabetic indices.
Findings
The results of the present meta-analysis suggest that of Gln supplementation had a significant effect on FBS (weighted mean difference (WMD): –2.868 mg/dl, 95 per cent CI: –5.467, –0.269, p = 0.031). However, the authors failed to observe that Gln supplementation affected insulin levels (WMD: 1.06 units, 95 per cent CI: –1.13, 3.26, p = 0.34) and HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.001 units, 95 per cent CI: –2.031, 2.029, p = 0.999). Subgroup analyses showed that the highest decrease in FBS levels was observed when the duration of intervention was less than two weeks (WMD: –4.064 mg/dl, 95 per cent CI: –7.428, –0.700, p = 0.01) and when Gln was applied via infusion (WMD: –5.334 mg/dl, 95 per cent CI: –10.48, 0.17, p = 0.04).
Originality/value
The results from this meta-analysis show that Gln supplementation did not have a significant effect on insulin levels and HOMA-IR. However, it did significantly reduce the levels of FBS, obtaining a higher effect when the duration of the intervention period was less than two weeks.
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In sharp contrast to television, various sources of market failure currently prevent market forces fulfilling the promise of digital switchover in radio markets. The purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
In sharp contrast to television, various sources of market failure currently prevent market forces fulfilling the promise of digital switchover in radio markets. The purpose of this paper is to review the strengths and weaknesses, business models and market deployment of the two main platforms, with a view to establishing the economic case for higher regulatory involvement in digital radio markets.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper analyses the relevant broadcaster, engineering and regulatory literature, with particular emphasis on technical compatibilities among terrestrial radio broadcast technologies, and the technological and economic difficulties they face. The exercise is the first of its kind to scope and bring together these multidisciplinary contributions.
Findings
The highly uncoordinated development and deployment of terrestrial digital radio platforms is leading this new digital industry to an impasse. There is a legacy of uncertainty and scepticism amongst market players. Furthermore, prevailing technology and business models have marginalised community radio services and regional audiences.
Research limitations/implications
The analysis does not cover the demand side (contents, culture) nor developments in non‐terrestrial digital platforms, nor in the US‐based IBOC standard.
Practical implications
There is considerable scope, particularly in large, sparsely inhabited countries with sizeable rural audiences to remedy the failings of the current fragmented approach through regulatory intervention through platform integration.
Originality/value
There is a lack of coherent information published on the potential benefits that the new digital platforms are bringing to the audio broadcasting market, and on the current market difficulties they face. The article remedies this gap.