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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1964

Lyle D. Perrigo

The coolant systems of pressurised, water‐cooled, nuclear reactors become radioactively contaminated. Since reactors, like other process equipment, require personnel for operation…

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Abstract

The coolant systems of pressurised, water‐cooled, nuclear reactors become radioactively contaminated. Since reactors, like other process equipment, require personnel for operation and maintenance, this coolant system contamination and associated radiation may pose difficult operating problems. Inefficiencies in personnel utilisation result as the radiation levels increase. Generally the radiation levels tend to increase with time. Decontamination is then required to lower radiation levels and to improve personnel utilisation. During a reactor's lifetime, the coolant systems may be decontaminated a number of times to keep radiation levels within acceptable limits. Since this decontamination operation involves chemical cleaning of the reactors' coolant system it has a certain corrosive effect upon the components of the system. To determine these corrosive characteristics, a procedure simulating the cyclic filming and defilming in the pressurised water system is employed in the USA. Special equipment is needed to simulate reactor conditions and to allow evaluation of decontamination methods. Although this article is focused on nuclear reactor systems, the technique of cyclic filming and defilming could be used readily to determine long‐term corrosion effects in other industrial systems where chemical cleaning is frequently employed, such as in boilers, heat exchangers, evaporators, reactors, condensers, and process vessels. Equipment designs and operating procedures would be formulated so as to simulate process and chemical cleaning conditions for the particular system of interest.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 11 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 11 September 2020

Alexander E. Ellinger, Frank G. Adams, George R. Franke, Gregory D. Herrin, Tyler E. deCoster and Karli E. Filips

Supply chain management (SCM) proficiency is generally associated with superior business performance. Yet, SCM research continues to focus predominantly on the performance of…

743

Abstract

Purpose

Supply chain management (SCM) proficiency is generally associated with superior business performance. Yet, SCM research continues to focus predominantly on the performance of individual firms, rather than on the collective performance of multiple supply chain participants as espoused by the extended enterprise (EE) concept. In response to calls for quantitative studies that examine the collective performance of multiple supply chain participants, this research study compares the combined performance of triads comprising focal firms recognized for their relative SCM proficiency and their upstream (supplier) and downstream (customer) supply chain partners with that of their close industry competitors' triads.

Design/methodology/approach

The triadic, longitudinal examination of multiple supply chain participants' collective performance utilized archival financial data of the period 2007–2017 from the Compustat database and the supply chain (SPLC) function of Bloomberg.

Findings

Findings of this study indicated that supply chain triads that included focal firms recognized for their relative SCM proficiency experienced significantly lower sales and general administrative expenses and significantly higher productivity, return on assets and profitability over time than their close industry competitors' triads. However, contrary to expectations, the performance advantages identified did not extend to revenue growth.

Research limitations/implications

Supply chain triads cannot fully represent entire supply chains or EEs. However, this study’s triadic analysis can be viewed as a practically achievable proxy for further validating the EE concept. Moreover, based on assertions that triadic studies are suitable for SCM research and on empirical studies that consistently show individual firms recognized for their relative SCM proficiency outperform competitors, the authors contend that the study’s findings appropriately corroborate the value of the EE concept.

Practical implications

Because such empirical evidence is so rare, the consistent, collective performance advantages identified in this study should be highly significant to managers.

Originality/value

Robust, longitudinal evidence that supply chain triads which include focal firms recognized for relative SCM proficiency collectively outperform their close industry competitors' triads extends generally accepted associations between SCM proficiency and business performance, suggesting that the application of extended resource-based view (ERBV) in supply chain contexts warrants further examination and further substantiates the efficacy of the EE concept.

Details

International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 50 no. 7/8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0960-0035

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