Quelques considérations générales. Depuis une trentaine d'années, la protection du consommateur est devenue une préoccupation constante des sociétés occidentales. Elle a connu une…
Abstract
Quelques considérations générales. Depuis une trentaine d'années, la protection du consommateur est devenue une préoccupation constante des sociétés occidentales. Elle a connu une impulsion vigoureuse durant les années '70 avec l'avènement aux Etats‐Unis du “consumerism” personnifié par un personnage fort coloré, Ralf Nader.
Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui and Ronald D. Picur
Investigates whether the investment opportunities available to US multinationals affect their profitability relationships. Samples 100 firms from 1987 to 1992, and classifies them…
Abstract
Investigates whether the investment opportunities available to US multinationals affect their profitability relationships. Samples 100 firms from 1987 to 1992, and classifies them by high or low multinationality and high or low growth. Correlates three measures of multinationality, and of the opportunity set for each quartile, and compares the rate of return on assets by multinationality and by growth. Presents the interaction effects of means, finding that high multinationality firms have higher rates of return on assets, and so do high growth firms. Links profitability, multinationality and the investment opportunity set.
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The Bureau of Economics in the Federal Trade Commission has a three-part role in the Agency and the strength of its functions changed over time depending on the preferences and…
Abstract
The Bureau of Economics in the Federal Trade Commission has a three-part role in the Agency and the strength of its functions changed over time depending on the preferences and ideology of the FTC’s leaders, developments in the field of economics, and the tenor of the times. The over-riding current role is to provide well considered, unbiased economic advice regarding antitrust and consumer protection law enforcement cases to the legal staff and the Commission. The second role, which long ago was primary, is to provide reports on investigations of various industries to the public and public officials. This role was more recently called research or “policy R&D”. A third role is to advocate for competition and markets both domestically and internationally. As a practical matter, the provision of economic advice to the FTC and to the legal staff has required that the economists wear “two hats,” helping the legal staff investigate cases and provide evidence to support law enforcement cases while also providing advice to the legal bureaus and to the Commission on which cases to pursue (thus providing “a second set of eyes” to evaluate cases). There is sometimes a tension in those functions because building a case is not the same as evaluating a case. Economists and the Bureau of Economics have provided such services to the FTC for over 100 years proving that a sub-organization can survive while playing roles that sometimes conflict. Such a life is not, however, always easy or fun.
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Since its inception in the 1980s, solidarity has been one of the structuring elements of Haitian hip-hop. In this sense, what an artist could not do on his own for lack of…
Abstract
Since its inception in the 1980s, solidarity has been one of the structuring elements of Haitian hip-hop. In this sense, what an artist could not do on his own for lack of financial means, peer groups enable him to achieve. Given Haiti's precarious socioeconomic context, the possibility of mobilizing more friends and colleagues makes it easier to cope with financial worries and other difficulties. Drawing on material from 36 in-depth semi-structured interviews, this chapter examines practices of solidarity and mutual aid in the world of hip-hop in Port-au-Prince. Drawing on Becker's theory of the art world and Soulet's theory of solidarity, this chapter analyzes the artistic practices through which rappers develop forms of solidarity and mutual aid to cope with various financial and social difficulties. I seek to understand the way rappers organize themselves, which can be likened to the Haitian konbit, a form of solidarity that emerged in the aftermath of independence and continues to this day. This study shows that hip-hop strengthens the social bonds between rappers in working-class neighborhoods, where lifestyles are based on solidarity and mutual aid.