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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2024

Shi Chen, Zhiyong Han, Qiang Zeng, Bing Wang, Liming Wang, Liuyang Guo and Yimin Shao

Hydro-viscous drive (HVD) clutches are widely used in equipment requiring soft start, such as fans and pumps, to transmit torque and adjust speed by changing the gap distance…

150

Abstract

Purpose

Hydro-viscous drive (HVD) clutches are widely used in equipment requiring soft start, such as fans and pumps, to transmit torque and adjust speed by changing the gap distance between friction pairs. This paper aims to propose a novel two-parameter evaluation method for HVD during the mixed lubrication stage. The objective is to develop an effective model that establishes the relationship between these parameters and the actual surface topography.

Design/methodology/approach

In the presented methods, the fractal features of the real manufacturing surface are calculated based on the power spectrum function by the ultra-depth three-dimensional microscope. After that, the hybrid friction model of the friction plate is established based on mixed elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication theory, boundary friction model and fractal theory. Then the torque and load bearing characteristics of the clutch are obtained, and the influences of the surface fractal features are investigated and discussed. Finally, the Weierstrass–Mandelbrot function is adopted for the surface topography characterization and evaluation.

Findings

The results indicate that the proposed method exhibits good accuracy, while the speed difference between the friction pair exceeds 2,500 rpm. It is concluded that this paper proposed a way to evaluate the torque and loading capacity of HVD considering the real manufacturing surface topography and is helpful for surface optimization.

Originality/value

The originality and value of this study lie in its development of a novel torque and load bearing capacity evaluation method for HVD in mixed lubrication stage, considering manufacturing surface topography and describing the real manufacturing surface.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 76 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 1 April 2021

Xinyi Hong, Chenguang Li, Junfei Bai, Zhifeng Gao and Liming Wang

Following the standard practice of using nutrition claims to denote food functionality, this study empirically explores Chinese consumers’ willingness-to-pay for functional…

2238

Abstract

Purpose

Following the standard practice of using nutrition claims to denote food functionality, this study empirically explores Chinese consumers’ willingness-to-pay for functional processed meat products by using three nutrition claims (namely “increased calcium,” “containing omega-3”, and “reduced salt”) made on pork sausages. It also aims to outline the typical characteristics of Chinese consumer segments based on preferences.

Design/methodology/approach

A choice-based choice experiment is utilized to investigate Chinese consumers’ valuation on attributes of interest regarding functional sausage products. First-hand data was collected in the two cities of Xi'an and Beijing.

Findings

There are market potentials for domestic and/or imported functional processed meat products among Chinese consumers. Nutrition claims made on pork sausages are appealing to Chinese consumers, and therefore, monetarily rewarded by them. Being imported from a more developed country of origin could both positively and negatively impact consumers’ WTP for nutrition claims made on pork sausages. Furthermore, specific functional modification strategies should be taken into account when addressing different segments of the Chinese market. In addition, regional impacts between Xi'an and Beijing are implied in terms of consumers’ valuation for functional pork sausages.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations in the current study are mainly two folds. First, the WTP estimation magnitudes are subject to a hypothetical bias by using a stated preference approach. Second, this study only focuses on pork sausages to explore consumers’ perceptions and selects three nutrition claims among many other relevant options.

Practical implications

Implications are provided for meat marketers and for Chinese official food policymakers, such that promoting meat products with a nutrition claim is an attractive marketing strategy for foreign food manufacturers in China, and more reformulated meat products with better nutritional compositions should be allowed in the Chinese market.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this research is the first to fill in the literature blank on investigating the consumers’ valuation for functional meat in the emerging market of China. Because when taking Chinese consumers as a target market and evaluating their perceptions of food quality-related labeling and certifications, the existing literature is mainly limited to topics of product safety, organic/green products, and geographical origins. However, nutrition claims, as marketable credence attributes that associate closely to the main characteristics of the functional food products, have been explored to a much lesser extent among Chinese consumers.

Details

China Agricultural Economic Review, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-137X

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Article
Publication date: 11 April 2016

Liming Zhai, Zhengwei Wang, Yongyao Luo and Zhongjie Li

The purpose of this paper is to analyze lubrication characteristics of a bidirectional thrust bearing in a pumped storage, considering the effect of the thermal elastic…

277

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze lubrication characteristics of a bidirectional thrust bearing in a pumped storage, considering the effect of the thermal elastic deformation of the pad and collar.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used the fluid–solid interaction (FSI) technique to investigate the lubrication characteristics of a bidirectional thrust bearing for several typical operating conditions. The influences of the operating conditions and the thrust load on the lubrication characteristics were analyzed. Then, various pivot eccentricities were investigated to analyze the effects of the pivot position.

Findings

It is found that the effect of the radial tilt angle of the collar runner on the oil film is compensated for by the radial tilt of the pad. The central pivot support system is the main factor limiting the loads of bidirectional thrust bearings.

Originality/value

This paper has preliminarily revealed the lubrication mechanism of bidirectional tilting-pad thrust bearings. A three-dimensional FSI method is suggested to evaluate the thermal–elastic–hydrodynamic deformations of thrust bearings instead of the conventional method, which iteratively solves the Reynolds equation, the energy equation, the heat conduction equation and the elastic equilibrium equation.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 68 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 8 September 2022

Johnny Kwok Wai Wong, Mojtaba Maghrebi, Alireza Ahmadian Fard Fini, Mohammad Amin Alizadeh Golestani, Mahdi Ahmadnia and Michael Er

Images taken from construction site interiors often suffer from low illumination and poor natural colors, which restrict their application for high-level site management purposes…

94

Abstract

Purpose

Images taken from construction site interiors often suffer from low illumination and poor natural colors, which restrict their application for high-level site management purposes. The state-of-the-art low-light image enhancement method provides promising image enhancement results. However, they generally require a longer execution time to complete the enhancement. This study aims to develop a refined image enhancement approach to improve execution efficiency and performance accuracy.

Design/methodology/approach

To develop the refined illumination enhancement algorithm named enhanced illumination quality (EIQ), a quadratic expression was first added to the initial illumination map. Subsequently, an adjusted weight matrix was added to improve the smoothness of the illumination map. A coordinated descent optimization algorithm was then applied to minimize the processing time. Gamma correction was also applied to further enhance the illumination map. Finally, a frame comparing and averaging method was used to identify interior site progress.

Findings

The proposed refined approach took around 4.36–4.52 s to achieve the expected results while outperforming the current low-light image enhancement method. EIQ demonstrated a lower lightness-order error and provided higher object resolution in enhanced images. EIQ also has a higher structural similarity index and peak-signal-to-noise ratio, which indicated better image reconstruction performance.

Originality/value

The proposed approach provides an alternative to shorten the execution time, improve equalization of the illumination map and provide a better image reconstruction. The approach could be applied to low-light video enhancement tasks and other dark or poor jobsite images for object detection processes.

Details

Construction Innovation , vol. 24 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-4175

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 7 February 2025

Siddharth Girish Nair, Quang Dieu Nguyen, Qiaoxi Zhu, Mahmoud Karimi, Yixiang Gan, Xu Wang, Arnaud Castel, Peter Irga, Cecilia Gravina da Rocha, Fraser Torpy, Sara Wilkinson, Danielle Moreau and Fabien Delhomme

Hempcrete has the potential to reduce both CO2 emissions and energy usage in buildings. Hempcrete has a high sound absorption capacity, excellent moisture regulator and…

74

Abstract

Purpose

Hempcrete has the potential to reduce both CO2 emissions and energy usage in buildings. Hempcrete has a high sound absorption capacity, excellent moisture regulator and outstanding thermal insulation properties. However, hempcrete traditionally uses lime-based binders, which are carbon-intensive materials. The low-carbon binders to increase the sustainability of hempcrete are the current research gap. Geopolymer binders are low-carbon binders composed of aluminosilicate precursors dissolved in a high alkalinity solution. This study investigated the suitability of calcined clay and ground granulated blast furnace slag geopolymer binder as a low-carbon binder for hempcrete applications.

Design/methodology/approach

Two types of hemp hurds with different water absorption capacity and particle size distributions were used. Hempcrete properties tested were compressive strength, bulk density, sound absorption coefficient by a two-microphone impedance tube and thermal conductivity by a Hot Disk system.

Findings

The particle size distribution and water absorption capacity of hemp hurds did not affect the compressive strength of hempcrete when following a mixing procedure, ensuring the hurds in a saturated surface dry condition. The geopolymer hempcrete achieved a compressive strength about four times higher than the reference hydrated lime hempcrete. All hempcrete specimens achieved outstanding acoustic performance. The increase in bulk density led to the decrease in the maximum sound absorption coefficient. The geopolymer hempcrete achieved the lowest thermal conductivity.

Originality/value

The outcomes of this paper reveal that the low-carbon geopolymer binder appears to be a promising option for manufacturing hempcrete, achieving significantly higher compressive strength and lower thermal conductivity than the reference hydrated lime-based hempcrete.

Details

Built Environment Project and Asset Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-124X

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 19 March 2024

Feng Chen, Zhongjin Wang, Dong Zhang and Shuai Zeng

Explore the development trend of chemically-improved soil in railway engineering.

167

Abstract

Purpose

Explore the development trend of chemically-improved soil in railway engineering.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the technical standards home and abroad were analyzed. Laboratory test, field test and monitoring were carried out.

Findings

The performance design system of the chemically-improved soil should be established.

Originality/value

On the basis of the performance design, the test methods and standards for various properties of chemically-improved soil should be established to evaluate the improvement effect and control the engineering quality.

Details

Railway Sciences, vol. 3 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2755-0907

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2024

Shikha Pandey, Yogesh Iyer Murthy and Sumit Gandhi

This study aims to investigate the use of 20 commonly applied regression methods to predict concrete corrosion. These models are assessed for accuracy and interpretability using…

35

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the use of 20 commonly applied regression methods to predict concrete corrosion. These models are assessed for accuracy and interpretability using SHapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) analysis to provide structural health monitoring prognostic tools.

Design/methodology/approach

This study evaluated model performance using standard measures including root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), R-squared (R2) and mean absolute error (MAE). Interpretability was evaluated using SHAP and LIME. The X and Y distances, concrete age, relative humidity and temperature were input parameters, whereas half-cell potential (HCP) values were considered output. The experimental data set consisted of observations taken for 270 days.

Findings

Gaussian process regression (GPR) models with rational quadratic, square exponential and matern 5/2 kernels outperformed others, with RMSE values around 16.35, MSE of roughly 267.50 and R2 values near 0.964. Bagged and boosted ensemble models performed well, with RMSE around 17.20 and R2 values over 0.95. Linear approaches, such as efficient linear least squares and linear SVM, resulted in much higher RMSE values (approximately 40.17 and 40.02) and lower R2 values (approximately 0.79), indicating decreased prediction accuracy.

Practical implications

The findings highlight the effectiveness of GPR models in forecasting corrosion in concrete buildings. The use of both SHAP and LIME for model interpretability improves the transparency of predictive maintenance models, making them more reliable for practical applications.

Social implications

Safe infrastructure is crucial to public health. Predicting corrosion and other structural problems improves the safety of buildings, bridges and other community-dependent structures. Public safety, infrastructure durability and transportation and utility interruptions are improved by reducing catastrophic breakdowns.

Originality/value

This study reduces the gap between model accuracy and interpretability in predicting concrete corrosion by proposing a data-driven method for structural health monitoring. The combination of GPR models and ensemble approaches provides a solid foundation for future research and practical applications in predictive maintenance. This comprehensive approach underscores the potential of data-driven methods for predictive maintenance in concrete structures, with implications for broader applications in various industries.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 72 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 19 March 2018

Brian Leavy

The author explains how the story of China geo-political vision has recently taken a new turn under the leadership of Xi Jinping, and signals a major shift towards a more…

1888

Abstract

Purpose

The author explains how the story of China geo-political vision has recently taken a new turn under the leadership of Xi Jinping, and signals a major shift towards a more expansive and outward-looking economic policy.

Design/methodology/approach

Understanding more fully what is happening in the latest phase of China’s modern resurgence is a strategic imperative for both public policy analysts and corporate leaders with global interests and ambitions.

Findings

China is now convinced that extending its ‘infrastructure and connectivity” focus outwards in this way will help ‘to dismantle investment barriers, create new trade routes, improve international logistics and deepen financial integration.’

Practical implications

Beijing is ‘adamant’ that it should not be called a ‘plan’ or a ‘strategy’ lest it ‘be interpreted as ruse to build a vast economic empire.’

Originality/value

China's BRI extends beyond ports, railways and highways to other major types of infrastructure including oil and gas pipelines, electricity power plants and telecommunications networks. So the invitation to be part of BRI presents ‘a vast economic carrot,’ and the prospect of becoming major hubs on emerging new pan-regional trade routes is enormously attractive to many of China’s underdeveloped neighbors. 10;

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Article
Publication date: 3 March 2020

Yacine Abadou, Abderrahmane Ghrieb, Rosa Bustamante and Hayette Faid

The purpose of this study is to fit an appropriate mathematical model to express response variables as functions of the proportions of the mixture components. One purpose of…

207

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to fit an appropriate mathematical model to express response variables as functions of the proportions of the mixture components. One purpose of statistical modeling in a mixture experiment is to model the blending surface such that predictions of the response for any mixture component, singly or in combination, can be made empirically. Testing of the model adequacy will also be an important part of the statistical procedure.

Design/methodology/approach

A series of mortar using air lime, marble and ceramic sanitary waste aggregates were prepared for statistically designed combinations. The combinations were designed based on the mixture-design concept of design of experiments; this mortar is often used as a filler material in restoration projects. The aim of this work is to find an optimal composition of a paste for the manufacture of air lime mortar with ceramic and marble waste. This investigation aims to recommend mix design for air lime-based mortar, by optimizing the input combination for different properties, and to predict properties such as mechanical strength, thermogravimetric and x-ray diffraction analysis with a high degree of accuracy, based on a statistical analysis of experimental data.

Findings

This paper discusses those mortar properties that architects, contractors and owners consider important. For each of these properties, the influence of ceramic and marble waste in the air lime mortar is explored. The flexibility of lime-based mortars with waste materials to meet a wide range of needs in both new construction and restoration of masonry projects is demonstrated.

Originality/value

The objective of the present investigation is to recommend mixture design for air lime mortar with waste, by optimizing the input combination for different properties, and to predict properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength with a high degree of accuracy, based on the statistical analysis of experimental data. The authors conducted a mixture design study that takes into account dependent parameters such as the constituents of our air lime-based mortar where we have determined an experiment matrix to which we have connected the two responses, namely, compressive and flexural strength. By introducing the desirability criteria of these two responses, using JMP software, we were able to obtain a mixture optimal for air lime mortar with ceramic and marble waste.

Details

Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology , vol. 18 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1726-0531

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Article
Publication date: 30 April 2021

Diogo Henrique de Bem, Priscila Ongaratto Trentin and Ronaldo A. Medeiros-Junior

Efflorescence formation is very common in cement-based materials. In the case of mortar, efflorescence is more studied when only Portland cement is used as a binder. However, the…

194

Abstract

Purpose

Efflorescence formation is very common in cement-based materials. In the case of mortar, efflorescence is more studied when only Portland cement is used as a binder. However, the repair of historical heritage, as well as the construction system of some countries, usually uses mortars composed of hydrated lime and Portland cement. This study aims to determine the influence of the hydrated lime content on the incidence of efflorescence in mortars.

Design/methodology/approach

Mortars with 0%, 50%, and 100% lime/cement ratio were studied, using three different methods to accelerate efflorescence formation. The surface area of mortars affected by efflorescence was quantified by analysis using image software. Also, analysis of mercury intrusion porosity test, flexural tensile, compressive strength, absorption of water by capillarity, porosity, XRD and TGA was performed.

Findings

More efflorescence in mortars with a higher amount of lime in their composition was observed. The results show that the increase in the lime content reduces the flexural tensile and the compressive strength and increased the absorption of water by capillarity and the porosity of the mortars. The material formed by the efflorescence was calcium carbonate, proven by microstructural tests.

Originality/value

The results of greater efflorescence formation in mortars with lime are important to alert users who apply this type of material. Some type of protection must be done more rigorously for lime-cement mortars, especially concerning contact with water, since efflorescence tends to be faster for this type of material.

Details

International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, vol. 40 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-4708

Keywords

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