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Fluorine materials have received the keen attention of many researchers because of their water repellency and low surface free energy. The purpose of this paper is to prepare self-crosslinking fluorocarbon polyacrylate latexes containing different fluorocarbon chain lengths by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization technology.

Methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and fluorine-containing monomers were used as main monomers. The fluorine-containing monomers included hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA), dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) and trifluorooctyl methacrylate (TFMA). Potassium persulfate (KPS) was used as thermal decomposition initiator, non-ionic surfactant alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (25) ether (DNS-2500) and anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as mixed emulsifier.

Through optimizing the reaction conditions, the uniform and stable latex is gained. The polymer of structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and contact angle (CA) were tested on latex films. The particle size and distribution range of emulsion were tested with nano particle size analyzer. After comprehensively comparing the latexes and films prepared by HFMA, DFMA and TFMA, the performance of DFMA monomer modified is better.

The self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion is prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization, which methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and fluorine-containing monomers were used as main monomers. The fluorine-containing monomers were composed of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA), dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) and trifluorooctyl methacrylate (TFMA). Potassium persulfate (KPS) was used as thermal decomposition initiator, non-ionic surfactant alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (25) ether (DNS-2500) and anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as mixed emulsifier. There are two main innovations. One is that the self-crosslinking acrylic emulsion is prepared successfully. The other is that the effects of monomers containing different fluorocarbon chain lengths on polyacrylate, such as monomer conversion rate, coagulation rate, mechanical stability, chemical stability, emulsion particle size and storage stability, are studied in detail.

Self-crosslinked long fluorocarbon acrylate polymer latex has good hydrophobic and oleophobicity, weather resistance, aging resistance, stability and other excellent properties, which make the polymer be widely used in coatings, dyes, adhesives and other products. The purpose of this study is to prepare self-crosslinked long fluorocarbon acrylate polymer latex via semi-continuous seeded emulsion technology and carry out comparative study on two different cross-linked monomers.

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) were used as the main monomers, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) as the fluoromonomer, hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and N-methylol acrylamide (NMA) as cross-linked monomers, and 1-allyloxy-3–(4-nonylphenol)-2-propanol polyoxyethylene (10) ether (ANPEO10) and 1-allyloxy-3–(4-nonylphenol)-2-propanol polyoxyethylene (10) ether ammonium sulfate (DNS-86) as compound emulsifiers via the semicontinuous-seeded emulsion polymerization.

The properties of the polymer emulsions, which are prepared with two different cross-linked monomers, are compared and discussed, and it is concluded that HPMA is more suitable for the preparation of self-crosslinked polymer emulsions. The formula of the polymer latex is ANPEO10: DNS-86 = 1:1, and the mass ratio of the monomers used in the polymer is MMA: BA: DFMA: HPMA = 14.40:14.40:0.60:0.60.

Self-crosslinked long fluorocarbon acrylate polymer latex can be used in many fields such as coatings, dyes, adhesives and other products.

The self-crosslinked long fluorocarbon acrylate polymer latex is prepared by mixing the nonionic emulsifier ANPEO10 and the anionic emulsifier DNS-86 when potassium persulfate is used as the thermal decomposition initiator and the semicontinuous-seeded emulsion technology is adopted and the comparative study on two different cross-linked monomer is carried out, which is not reported in the open literatures.

At present, the conventional method of preparing cationic fluorinated acrylic latex is to emulsify copolymerised monomers with cationic surfactants. However, there has been a wide concern about using Gemini surfactants to prepare cationic polymer latex to improve its properties. The purpose of this paper was to focus on the synthesis of novel self-crosslinked cationic fluorinated acrylic latex (SCFAL), during which the copolymerised monomers were initiated with a water soluble azo initiator and emulsified with mixed surfactants of Gemini emulsifier and alkyl polyglycoside (APG).

The novel SCFAL was prepared successfully by the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) and hydroxy propyl methacrylate (HPMA) in aqueous medium.

The conversion is the maximum and the coagulation percentage the minimum when the amounts of emulsifier and initiator are 8 and 0.6 per cent, respectively. The average particle size of the latex is significantly reduced with the increase of the amount of emulsifiers used. However, the average particle size of the latex is increased with the increase of the amount of HPMA. The particle size of the latex is of a unimodal distribution, which means that the particle size was reasonably uniform. Contact angle is increased with the increase of the amount of the HFMA.

The novel SCFAL can be widely used as significant components in the field of coatings, leather, textile, paper, adhesives and so on.

SCFAL, which was emulsified with novel mixed surfactants of Gemini surfactant and APG, has been prepared successfully. Influences of amount of initiator, emulsifier, HPMA and HFMA on emulsion polymerisation and/or properties of novel latex are investigated in detail.

Silane cross-linkers have been used to strengthen the mechanical stabilities and friction resistance of plastic products. Therefore, the effect of silane cross-linkers on latex has been studied through preparing modified self-cross-linking long fluorocarbon polyacrylate latex. In this paper, nonionic surfactant alcohol ether glycoside (AEG1000) and anionic polymerizable surfactant 1-allyloxy-3-(4-nonylphenol)-2-propanol polyoxyethylene (10) ether ammonium sulfate (DNS-86) acted as mixed emulsifier and 3-(methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) and bis (2-ethylhexyl) maleate (DOM) were used as functional monomers.

The modified acrylate polymer latex was synthesized through the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization with methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) as main monomers. Potassium persulfate (KPS) was applied to initiate polymerization reaction, nonionic surfactant AEG1000 and DNS-86 acted as emulsifier, KH-570 and DOM were used as functional monomers, respectively.

The optimum conditions of synthesizing the modified latex were the following. The mass ratio of monomers containing MMA, BA, DFMA, HPMA, KH-570 and DOM was 13.58:13.58:0.90:1.20:0.15:0.60, the usage of initiator KPS was 0.5% of the total weight of monomers and the amount of emulsifier was 7% of all monomers with AEG1000:DNS-86 = 1:1. The results indicated that the conversion of monomer was 99% and the coagulation was about 2.0%.

The resultant latex was modified silane cross-linker KH-570 and DOM, which positively affected the comprehensive properties of latex and its film. Apart from this, the novel mixed emulsifier was used to improve the size and distribution of latex particles and reduce environmental problems caused by the use of emulsifiers.

The purpose of this paper is that the long fluorocarbon monomer is used to modify the latex. The film of the resultant latex has the C-F bond with high bond energy and low surface energy, which can effectively improve the heat resistance and water resistance of the resultant film. In addition, a mixture of CO-436 and dibutyl maleate (DBM) as surfactants is used as the emulsifier, which brings the new application of the above surfactants.

The modified Vac-VeoVa10 copolymer nanometre latex modified VAc-VeoVa10 latex has been successfully synthesized via the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization, which VAc and VeoVa10 is used as the main monomers and long fluorocarbon monomer was used as the functional monomer. Potassium persulphate (KPS) and the mixture of CO-436 and DBM were used as the initiator and emulsifier, respectively. The structure of resultant latex film was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The latex films were tested by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and contact angle. The particle size and its distribution of the latex were measured by the nano particle size analyzer.

Detailed investigation was conducted on the factors influencing the properties of the latex and film. The stability of the resultant latex is good. The average particles of the latex and its distribution are small and uniform, respectively. In comparison with the conventional latex film, the thermal stability and hydrophobicity of the resultant latex film are improved obviously.

The modification of p (VAc-VeoVa10) using a new emulsifier and long fluorocarbon monomer has not been widely reported. In this study, the modified Vac-VeoVa10 copolymer nanometre latex modified VAc-VeoVa10 latex has been successfully synthesized via the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization, which VAc and VeoVa10 is used as the main monomers and long fluorocarbon monomer was used as the functional monomer. KPS and the mixture of CO-436 and DBM were used as the initiator and emulsifier, respectively.

The traditional VeoVa10-VAc copolymer latex, which prepared via the emulsion polymerization of the mixed monomers of VAc and VeoVa10, has the poor water resistance and thermal stability because of the migration of the conventional emulsifier molecules and the low bond energy of C-C bond. The purpose of this work is that the fluorinated monomer is used to modify the latex. The film of the resultant latex has the C-F bond with high bond energy and low surface energy, which can effectively improve the heat resistance and water resistance of the resultant film. In addition, the reactive emulsifier is used to replace the conventional emulsifier. The drawbacks of the conventional emulsifier molecules migrate and desorb can be avoided when the polymer latex is stored, thereby also improving the water resistance.

The modified VAc-VeoVa10 latex has been successfully synthesized via the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization, which VAc and VeoVa10 is used as the main monomers and HFMA was used as the functional monomer. KPS and reactive surfactants of SE-10 were used as the initiator and emulsifier, respectively. The structure of resultant latex film was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The latex films were tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and contact angle (CA). The particle size and its distribution of the latex were measured by the nano particle size analyzer.

The factors that had an influence on the properties of the latex and the film were investigated in detail. The stability of the resultant latex is good. The average particles of the latex and its distribution are small and uniform, respectively. In comparison with the conventional latex film, the thermal stability and hydrophobicity of the resultant latex film are improved obviously.

The resultant latex can be used in both the waterborne interior and exterior wall coatings, pickering stabilized waterborne polymer dispersions, polymer powders, environmentally friendly polymer-modified waterproof mortar and other fields, which can be satisfied with the high demand of thermal stability and hydrophobicity.

The modification of poly (VAc-VeoVa10) by reactive surfactant and fluorinated monomer is seldom reported. In this study, the fluorinated poly (VAC-VeoVa) latex is prepared via the reactive surfactants, which VAc and VeoVa10 is used as the main monomers and hexafluorobutyl methacrylate is used as the functional monomer. Potassium persulfate (KPS) and allyl nonyl phenoxy propyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate are used as the initiator and emulsifier, respectively.

The traditional vinyl ester of neodecanoic acid-vinyl acetate (VeoVa10-VAc) copolymer latex is a linear structure with poor film formation, thus causing solvent resistance and wear resistance of the latex film to be poor. This study aims to investigate the use of cross-linkers in emulsion polymerization to modify the latex. During the course of film formation, the reactive functional groups react to form cross-linkage. The network structure can effectively improve the compactness of the resin, thereby greatly improving the water resistance, solvent resistance and heat resistance of the resultant film. In addition, the reactive emulsifier is used to replace the conventional emulsifier. Thus, the drawbacks of the conventional emulsifier molecules migrate and desorb can be avoided when the polymer latex is stored.

The cross-linked VAc-VeoVa10 latex has been synthesized with the reactive surfactants, in which VAc and VeoVa10 are used as the main monomers and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linked monomer. Potassium persulfate (KPS) and mixed surfactants of alkyl allyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate (JS-20) and allyl nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (ANPEO-10) were used as the initiator and emulsifier, respectively. The structure of resultant latex film was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The latex films were tested by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and contact angle (CA). The particle size and its distribution of the latex were measured by the nano particle size analyzer.

The factors that had an influence on the properties of the latex and the film were investigated in detail. The stability of the resultant latex is good. The average particles of the latex and its distribution are small and uniform, respectively. In comparison with the conventional latex film, the thermal stability and hydrophobicity of the resultant latex film are improved obviously.

The resultant latex can be used in both the waterborne interior and exterior wall coatings, pickering stabilized waterborne polymer dispersions, polymer powders, environmentally friendly polymer-modified waterproof mortar and other fields, which can be satisfied with the high demand of thermal stability and hydrophobicity.

The modification of poly (VAc-VeoVa10) by reactive emulsifier and cross-linker is seldom reported. In this study, the cross-linked poly (VAC-VeoVa) latex is prepared through the reactive surfactants, with VAc and VeoVa10 used as the main monomers and EGDMA used as the cross-linked monomer. KPS and mixed surfactants of JS-20 and ANPEO-10 are used as the initiator and emulsifier, respectively.

Presently, a wide range of polyurethane adhesives can be obtained using different kinds of polyols and isocyanates. However, the applied temperature of the polyurethane adhesive is not more than 80°C. The film of polyurethane adhesive will be softened and deformed when its applied temperature is more than 100°C. Thus, the mechanical property of the polyurethane adhesive is decreased clearly, which limits its further application. The purpose of the study is to improve the heat resistance of polyols, especially polyester polyols and its resultant polyurethane adhesives.

The more rigid benzene ring is introduced into the polyester polyols to improve the heat resistance of its resultant polyurethane adhesive.

The more rigid benzene ring has ben introduced into the polyester polyols and the heat resistance of its resultant polyurethane adhesive is improved.

The polyester polyols with more rigid benzene ring have been prepared successfully by the vacuum melting method when diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, ethanediol, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, sebacic acid and adipic acid are used as raw materials and tetra-isopropyl titanate is adopted as the catalyst.

Motivated by the globally increasing concern over environmental protection, the interest of a large part of the scientific community focuses on the development of green surfactants aiming to replace traditional toxic surfactants-based alternatives. The purpose of this paper is to prepare acrylate copolymer latex modified with fluorine and silicone monomer, which is emulsified with the green surfactants of sodium rosinate and alkyl polyglycoside (APG).

A series of acrylic copolymer latexes containing fluorine–silicon have been prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerisation of mixed monomers of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hexafluorobutylmethacrylate (HFMA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and emulsified by green mixed surfactants of sodium rosinate and APG.

The optimum recipe of preparing the emulsion is as follows: the amount of emulsifiers is 6 per cent and the mass ratio of sodium rosinate to APG is 1:3. The amount of initiator is 0.4 per cent, and the amounts of the silicon monomer and fluorine monomer are 5 and 7 per cent, respectively. In comparison with the acrylate latex prepared without fluorine monomer and silicon monomer, the thermal stability and the water resistance of the film of the resultant latex clearly improved.

The acrylic copolymer latexes containing fluorine–silicon emulsified with green surfactants can be used in the coatings, adhesives, finishing agents and so on.

The acrylic copolymer latexes containing fluorine–silicon have been prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerisation. The green mixed surfactants of sodium rosinate and APG have been used as the emulsifiers to replace traditional toxic surfactants-based alternatives.

Fluorinated silicon polymers are expected to be adopted in specific coatings to afford outstanding advantages, such as high chemical and photochemical resistance, low surface tension and low refractive index. The modified acrylate resin is prepared via solution polymerization of fluorine and silicon monomers, acrylate monomers and other functional monomers. The purpose of this paper is that the fluorine and silicon monomers such as vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) and some cheap monomers such as styrene are used to prepare the cationic acrylic resin.

The fluorine and silicon modified cationic acrylic resin is prepared via solution polymerization technology, which uses butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), styrene (St), HFMA, VTES, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) as the co-polymerized monomers, propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) as solvent and 2,2-Azo-bis-iso-butyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator to create a resin to introduce the Si–O and C–F into the polymer chains. The cathodic electrodeposition (CED) coatings were prepared by mixing the synthetic resin and blocked isocyanate.

The influence of the amounts of HFMA and VETS on the resin and the resultant CED coatings is investigated in detail. The optimum amounts of HFMA and VETS are obtained, which is 7–8% and 4–5%, respectively. The hydrophobicity and the acid and alkaline resistance of the film are improved when VETS and HFMA are introduced to co-polymerize with other monomers.

The fluorine and silicon monomers such as VTES and HFMA and some cheap monomers such as styrene, which are used to prepare the cationic acrylic resin, are seldom reported in the open literature.