Leili Salehi, Elham Akhondzadeh, Sara Esmaelzadeh Saeieh and Mansoureh Yazd Khasti
Falling was distinguished as leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries among elderly; there is a lack of information regarding the falling risk factors in developing…
Abstract
Purpose
Falling was distinguished as leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries among elderly; there is a lack of information regarding the falling risk factors in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the falling risk and correlated factors in community-dwelling elderly.
Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study was performed on 280 elderly using a multi-sectional questionnaire in Karaj, Iran. The simple stratified random sampling was used. Adult who were over the age of 60, living independently, able to ambulate independently and safely, no cognition problem and speaking in Persian entered in the study. Exclusion criteria were residing in assisted living facility or unwilling to participate. Several statistical tests including logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the data.
Findings
The mean age of participants was 69.55±8.82 and 51 per cent of them were female. The results showed that there are significant differences between low-, medium- and high-risk groups regarding age, marital status, diabetes, blood pressure and osteoarthritis (p<0.05). Due to finding, the main predictors to higher chance of falling were age (OR=1.61; 95% CI 1.025–1.097), marital status (OR=1.485; 95% CI 1.170–1.279), vision acuity (OR=1.603; 95% CI 1.297–2.223), activities of daily living (OR=2.10; 95% CI 1.047–3.859), heart disease (OR=1.448; 95% CI 1.268–1.728), osteoarthritis (OR=1.238; 95% CI 1.711–2.127), falling history (OR=1.026; 95% CI 1.015–1.089) and medication (OR=5.975; 95% CI 1.525–23.412).
Practical implications
Better understanding of falling risk factors can lead to the implementation of effective preventive intervention, thus reducing public health expenditure, and improving the quality of life.
Originality/value
This study was conducted for the first time to assess the risk of falling in older people in Iran.
Details
Keywords
Marjan Havaei, Sara Esmaelzadeh Saeieh and Leili Salehi
This study, a theory-based interventional study, aims to promote self-care behaviors regarding sexual and reproductive health in adolescents (female) in Karaj, Iran.
Abstract
Purpose
This study, a theory-based interventional study, aims to promote self-care behaviors regarding sexual and reproductive health in adolescents (female) in Karaj, Iran.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was conducted on 90 female students of the Alborz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. For selecting subjects, the researchers went to two girls' dormitories on working days and tried to observe the proportion of students with different fields. Initially, 200 eligible female students were identified in the dormitories of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Based on the sample size estimation, 100 research units were divided into two groups of receiving counseling (intervention group) and not receiving counseling (control group) by four-digit block randomization. Sexual and reproductive health self-care questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection before, after and one month after intervention. Data were analyzed by using X2 and ANOVA tests using SPSS (16).
Findings
Both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics before the intervention. The results of the study indicated that after education, sexual and reproductive knowledge (p < 0.001), self-care of sexual health (p < 0.001), self-care of menstrual and genital health (p < 0.001) increased significantly. But, regarding parents' communications (p = 0.11), conversation barriers with parents (p = 0.83), interaction with (p = 0.79) and the perceptions of sexual risk behaviors relationships (p = 0.61) differences are not significant.
Research limitations/implications
Failure of parents to participate in this study and the implementation of this study only on the female sex were main limitations of the present study.
Practical implications
Theory-based education can improve sexual and reproductive health in adolescents' girls.
Originality/value
All Authors declare the manuscript entitled “Sexual and reproductive health self-care: a theory-based intervention” is original work of the author. All data, tables, figures, etc. used in the manuscript are prepared originally by authors; otherwise, the sources are cited and reprint permission is attached.
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Keywords
Hadiseh Panahi, Leila Keikavoosi-Arani and Leili Salehi
The current study was aimed to assess health action process approach (HAPA) effectiveness in sunscreen using among paddy workers
Abstract
Purpose
The current study was aimed to assess health action process approach (HAPA) effectiveness in sunscreen using among paddy workers
Design/methodology/approach
This interventional study was conducted on 177 paddy workers from Rudsar city. The subjects were randomly assigned into motivational, volitional and control groups. The motivational and volitional groups received the educational intervention based on HAPA. Three groups were evaluated in terms of HAPA constructs, intention and behavior at three times before the intervention, immediately afterward and one month later. Chi-square, repeated measure test were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 19.
Findings
The mean age was 47.78 ± 12.66. The majority of the participants were female (69.3%) and had diploma. based on repeated measure test results the score of the use of sunscreen during the time in intervention groups as well as between the three groups were changed. Based on the results of this study, the score of the constructs of both phases of HAPA in the two groups (motivational and volitional) compared to control group was significantly improved (p < 0.05).
Practical implications
The study shows the use of HAPA for the behavioral change related to sunscreen use among the paddy workers as the high-risk group.
Originality/value
North of Iran
Details
Keywords
Mahmoud Moradi Abbasabady and Nader Razeghi
This study focuses on two aspects of academic performance, namely achievement in courses and research performance.
Abstract
Purpose
This study focuses on two aspects of academic performance, namely achievement in courses and research performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The statistical population of the study consisted of all postgraduate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at Iranian national universities in the academic year 2022–2023. The research method used in this study was the survey method, and the data were collected through a questionnaire. The research sample included 360 Iranian postgraduate EFL students who were selected by proportional stratified sampling.
Findings
The results indicated that social capital had a significant, positive effect on the academic performance of postgraduate students. The dimensions of social trust, a subcategory of social capital, had a significant impact on academic performance in general and on course-related achievement and research performance in particular. Intimacy of network, size of social network, quality of network and access to network significantly affected academic performance from most to least, respectively.
Social implications
The results suggest strengthening intimate relationships and trust in the university environment, fostering continuous interactions between professors and students in informal networks and enhancing social trust for higher achievements at university.
Originality/value
This work has not been submitted or published anywhere else. The value of the study lies in the fact that social capital could lead to stronger relationship, higher motivation, knowledge sharing, support networks, collaborative learning and engagement in learning.