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Article
Publication date: 31 August 2023

Søren Rud Kristensen, Laura Anselmi, Garrett Wallace Brown, Eleonora Fichera, Roxanne Kovacs, Rene Loewenson, Neha Singh, Nicholas Midzi, Fatimah Mustapha, Lee White and Josephine Borghi

The use of pay for performance (P4P) as an instrument to incentivise quality improvements in health care is at a crossroads in high-income countries but has remained a commonly…

205

Abstract

Purpose

The use of pay for performance (P4P) as an instrument to incentivise quality improvements in health care is at a crossroads in high-income countries but has remained a commonly used tool in low- and middle-income countries. The authors aimed to take stock of the evidence on effectiveness and design from across income settings to reveal insights for the future design of performance payment across income contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors identified Cochrane literature reviews of the use of P4P in health care in any income setting, tracked the development in the quantity and quality of evidence over time, and compared the incentive design features used across high-income countries compared to low- and middle-income countries.

Findings

The quantity and quality of the evidence base have grown over time but can still be improved. Scheme design varies across income settings, and although some design choices may reflect differences in context, the authors find that incentive designers in both income settings can learn from practices used in the other setting.

Originality/value

The research and literature on P4P in high-, low- and middle-income countries largely operate in silos. By taking stock of the evidence on P4P from across income settings, the authors are able to draw out key insights between these settings, which remain underexplored in the literature.

Details

International Journal of Public Sector Management, vol. 36 no. 6/7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3558

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Book part
Publication date: 24 January 2025

Habiba Jelali

This chapter explores the multifaceted dynamics of urban regeneration and gentrification within the London Borough of Southwark, examining their impact on social inclusion and…

Abstract

This chapter explores the multifaceted dynamics of urban regeneration and gentrification within the London Borough of Southwark, examining their impact on social inclusion and exclusion. Through in-depth analysis of three regeneration schemes – the Bellenden Road scheme in Peckham, the Bermondsey Spa Regeneration Scheme and the Heygate Estate Scheme in Elephant and Castle – the research elucidates the intricate interplay between revitalisation efforts, socio-economic shifts and community dynamics. The concept of ‘social tectonics’ emerges as a lens through which to understand the fragmentation of neighbourhoods resulting from gentrification. The study illustrates how the influx of affluent newcomers often leads to the creation of parallel worlds within communities, exacerbating tensions between long-standing residents and newcomers. Furthermore, it highlights the process of displacement as a central feature of gentrification, with the demolition of social housing and the lack of affordable replacements driving the displacement of low-income residents. Moreover, the study underscores the loss of neighbourhood identity and diversity as a consequence of gentrification, as once-vibrant and diverse areas are transformed into homogenised enclaves catering to the tastes of the affluent. A critical discourse analysis is equally required to scrutinise the link between language and context, namely the language used in governmental reports, and the historical context of these neighbourhoods. The schemes implemented in the early 2000s reshaped the identity of these three neighbourhoods and represent the ways in which Southwark Council used political strategies over the last 2 decades to create a polarised and fragmented society.

Details

Fragmented Powers
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-412-9

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Book part
Publication date: 11 August 2016

Kousik Guhathakurta, Basabi Bhattacharya and A. Roy Chowdhury

It has long been challenged that the distributions of empirical returns do not follow the log-normal distribution upon which many celebrated results of finance are based including…

Abstract

It has long been challenged that the distributions of empirical returns do not follow the log-normal distribution upon which many celebrated results of finance are based including the Black–Scholes Option-Pricing model. Borland (2002) succeeds in obtaining alternate closed form solutions for European options based on Tsallis distribution, which allow for statistical feedback as a model of the underlying stock returns. Motivated by this, we simulate two distinct time series based on initial data from NIFTY daily close values, one based on the Gaussian return distribution and the other on non-Gaussian distribution. Using techniques of non-linear dynamics, we examine the underlying dynamic characteristics of both the simulated time series and compare them with the characteristics of actual data. Our findings give a definite edge to the non-Gaussian model over the Gaussian one.

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The Spread of Financial Sophistication through Emerging Markets Worldwide
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-155-5

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Book part
Publication date: 27 January 2014

Cristina Maria Morariu

The main purpose of this chapter is to investigate the association between intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) level and two potential explanatory determinants: industry type…

Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of this chapter is to investigate the association between intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) level and two potential explanatory determinants: industry type and company size.

Design/methodology/approach

Twenty-one annual reports of Romanian public companies represented the sample companies. For each company, an ICD index was constructed based on an intellectual capital (IC) framework composed of 33 IC items. The results obtained for ICD Index are then used for statistical testing: descriptive statistics, T test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis.

Findings

Industry type by its own does not seem to influence ICD level and company size by its own does not influence the IC disclosure. However, the combination of the two variables significantly combines together to predict ICD.

Research limitations/implications

A specified list of IC items may not provide the whole picture of ICD practices. Future research could consider interviewing managers about their disclosure rationale. A larger sample could help to further improve the extrapolation of the results. Furthermore, this study challenges researchers to extend the area of analysis by considering the relation between ICD and other possible determinants. Last but not least, a longitudinal study could provide more insights.

Practical implications

The results obtained represent a basis for comparison with those obtained by other studies carried out in other developing countries. Furthermore, they can be used in meta-analysis.

Originality/value

This chapter is one of the first investigating ICD in the case of Romanian companies. Accordingly, our chapter contributes to the ICD literature by providing new empirical evidence on the determinants of ICD in a developing country context.

Details

Accounting in Central and Eastern Europe
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-939-3

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Article
Publication date: 25 April 2022

Nazuk Sharma and James R. Stock

This research aims to investigate the moderating impact of product shadows in gestalt versus component product frames on ad effectiveness perceptions. It offers insights on…

639

Abstract

Purpose

This research aims to investigate the moderating impact of product shadows in gestalt versus component product frames on ad effectiveness perceptions. It offers insights on shadow-compatible and incompatible modes of product presentation color as well as consumer visual processing modes that offer optimal advertising effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

This research begins with a content analysis of some popular print magazines and builds on qualitative findings from interviews conducted with two industry executives. It then undertakes four experiments to test the proposed hypotheses following a more deductive approach.

Findings

Results reveal that incorporating product shadows increase ad effectiveness for gestalt products presented in black-and-white, but lower ad effectiveness for component products presented in color. Additionally, ad effectiveness for a gestalt (component) product presented in black-and-white (color) increases (decreases) in the presence of product shadow when consumers are currently processing in a compatible, gestalt (component) visual mode.

Research limitations/implications

In addition to extending the limited marketing research on product shadows, this research contributes to the literature studying information communication theory (ICT) and advertising effectiveness, Construal-Level Theory (CLT), Heuristic–Systematic Model (HSM) of information processing and stylistic visual cues used in advertising.

Practical implications

This research is focused on advertising effectiveness, providing a tangible outcome of interest to practitioners. An optimal use of this simple, inexpensive and stylistic ad element can help managers design effective communications without forgoing established brand equity.

Originality/value

Limited marketing research on product shadows has only looked at their impact on product luxury implications (Sharma, 2016), experiential versus functional brand evaluations (Sharma, 2018) and product heaviness perceptions (Sharma and Romero, 2020). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first to investigate specific gestalt versus component product contexts and the role of black-and-white and colored product presentations, along with specific consumer visual processing modes where shadows either increase or decrease the overall ad effectiveness.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 39 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

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Article
Publication date: 25 October 2021

Justin A. Coles and Maria Kingsley

By engaging in critical literacy, participants theorized Blackness and antiblackness. The purpose of this study was to have participants theorize Blackness and antiblackness…

253

Abstract

Purpose

By engaging in critical literacy, participants theorized Blackness and antiblackness. The purpose of this study was to have participants theorize Blackness and antiblackness through their engagements with critical literacy.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used a youth-centered and informed Black critical-race grounded methodology.

Findings

Participants’ unique and varied revelations of Blackness as Vitality, Blackness as Cognizance and Blackness as Expansive Community, served to withstand, confront and transcend encounters with antiblackness in English curricula.

Practical implications

This paper provides a model for how to engage Black youth as a means to disrupt anti-Black English education spaces.

Social implications

This study provides a foundation for future research efforts of Black English outer spaces as they relate to English education. Findings in this study may also inform existing English educator practices.

Originality/value

This study theorized both the role and the flexible nature of Black English outer spaces. It defined the multi-ethnic nature of Blackness. It proposed that affirmations of Blackness sharpened participants’ critical literacies in Black English outer spaces as a transformative intervention to anti-Black English education spaces.

Details

English Teaching: Practice & Critique, vol. 20 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1175-8708

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2000

Philip J. O'Rourke

50

Abstract

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Book part
Publication date: 26 July 2016

Jacob Hibel, Daphne M. Penn and R. C. Morris

Social psychological perspectives on educational stratification offer explanations that bridge the macro and micro social worlds. However, while ethnoracial disparities in…

Abstract

Purpose

Social psychological perspectives on educational stratification offer explanations that bridge the macro and micro social worlds. However, while ethnoracial disparities in academic achievement are evident during the earliest grade levels, most social psychological research in this area has examined high school or college student samples and has used a black–white binary to operationalize race.

Design/methodology/approach

We use longitudinal structural equation models to examine links between academic self-efficacy beliefs and school performance among a national sample of diverse third- through eighth-grade students in the United States.

Findings

Contrary to hypotheses derived from the student identity literature, we find no evidence that elementary and middle school students from different ethnoracial backgrounds vary in the degree to which they selectively discount evaluative feedback in their academic self-efficacy construction, nor in the extent to which they demonstrate disrupted links between academic self-efficacy and subsequent academic performance.

Originality/value

The study examines the extent to which race-linked social psychological processes may be driving academic achievement inequalities during the primary schooling years.

Details

Education and Youth Today
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-046-6

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 2006

Tomas Bonavia and Juan Antonio Marin

To determine the degree of use of some of the most representative lean production (LP) practices in the Spanish ceramic tile industry, their relationship with plant size and their…

4518

Abstract

Purpose

To determine the degree of use of some of the most representative lean production (LP) practices in the Spanish ceramic tile industry, their relationship with plant size and their effect on the operational performance of the companies in the sector.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire was developed for data collection. Findings are presented from 76 companies (79.17 per cent of the total sample) that specialise in single firing ceramics.

Findings

In the sector under study, there is one set of practices that have as yet scarcely been implemented (group technology, kanban, reduction of set‐up time, development of multi‐function employees and visual factory) and another set whose use is fairly widespread (standardisation of operations, total productive maintenance and quality controls). The degree of their respective use depends on a firm's size. Very few correlations appear between the degree of use of any specific LP practice in isolation and the operational indicators.

Research limitations/implications

For certain variables we found very little variation between the firms in our sample. Moreover, many firms did not have available the data needed for calculating capacity utilisation, and hence we have not been able to check its effects in our analysis.

Practical implications

The paper presents data for reflecting on the application of different LP practices in isolation and on the impediments limiting the use of some of them in the sector.

Originality/value

The paper extends the work of other researchers by focusing on a sector and a country that have been very little studied until now. The sample consists of a set of firms that are fairly homogeneous; this facilitates analysing the relationships between the selected variables while keeping other variables controlled.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 26 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

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Article
Publication date: 3 February 2025

Kyoung Tae Kim and Sunwoo Tessa Lee

This study uses data from the National Financial Capability Study to examine the financial vulnerability of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) adults relative to that of…

8

Abstract

Purpose

This study uses data from the National Financial Capability Study to examine the financial vulnerability of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) adults relative to that of other major racial/ethnic groups in the United States across the past decade and within the AAPI population, examining how vulnerability varied across AAPI adults of East Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian, and Pacific Islander heritage.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses four waves (2012, 2015, 2018 and 2021) of the State-by-State National Financial Capability Study (NFCS) and the 2021 NFCS AAPI Oversample dataset. Financial vulnerability was estimated using five binary indicators: (1) An inability to come up with $2,000, (2) An experience of overdraw, (3) A lack of emergency fund savings, (4) Difficulty paying bills and expenses, and (5) Credit card revolving. A financial vulnerability index was also created using the binary indicators. Logistic regression analyses were conducted on binary indicators and an OLS regression was additionally conducted on the aggregated financial vulnerability index.

Findings

Results show that, overall, AAPI respondents reported the lowest levels of financial vulnerability relative to White respondents, Black respondents, Hispanic respondents, and those of another race or ethnicity. However, using the 2021 datasets, we found that within the AAPI population, financial vulnerability varied widely by heritage, with those of East Asian heritage reporting less vulnerability than AAPI adults of other studied heritage groups.

Originality/value

These results provide insights into the financial well-being of AAPI households, particularly amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, and present initial evidence of the significant disparities that exist within this heterogenous community. This study provides valuable insights for researchers, educators, policymakers, and financial practitioners.

Details

International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-2323

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