Abstract
Purpose
Sandwich structures with well-designed cellular cores exhibit superior shock resistance compared to monolithic structures of equal mass. This study aims to develop a comprehensive analytical model for predicting the dynamic response of cellular-core sandwich structures subjected to shock loading and investigate their application in protective design.
Design/methodology/approach
First, an analytical model of a clamped sandwich beam for over-span shock loading was developed. In this model, the incident shock-wave reflection was considered, the clamped face sheets were simplified using two single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems, the core was idealized using the rigid-perfectly-plastic-locking (RPPL) model in the thickness direction and simplified as an SDOF system in the span direction. The model was then evaluated using existing analytical models before being employed to design the sandwich-beam configurations for two typical engineering applications.
Findings
The model effectively predicted the dynamic response of sandwich panels, especially when the shock-loading pulse shape was considered. The optimal compressive cellular-core strength increased with increasing peak pressure and shock-loading impulse. Neglecting the core tensile strength could result in an overestimation of the optimal compressive cellular-core strength.
Originality/value
A new model was proposed and employed to optimally design clamped cellular-core sandwich-beam configurations subjected to shock loading.
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Min Zhan, Yajun Dai, Chang Liu, Xiangyu Wang, Lang Li, Yongjie Liu, Chao He and Qingyuan Wang
The purpose of this paper is to determine (1) the relationship between microstructure and fatigue cracking behavior and (2) effect of rolling on the process of crack initiation…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine (1) the relationship between microstructure and fatigue cracking behavior and (2) effect of rolling on the process of crack initiation and propagation in FeCrAl alloys.
Design/methodology/approach
The qualitative and quantitative fracture studies were performed using scanning electron microscopy and the non-contact optical measurement system (IFMG5).
Findings
The results show that the formation of facets, rough facets and parallel stripes in the crack initiation and early crack propagation zones are closely related to the sensitivity of crack behavior to the microstructure of the material. Besides, the rolling process has a significant influence on the small crack initiation and propagation behavior. Quantitative analysis demonstrates that the size of the stress intensity factor and plastic zone size in the rough zone is associated with the rolling process.
Originality/value
The findings of this study have the potential to enhance the understanding of the microstructural crack formation mechanisms in FeCrAl alloys and shed light on the impact of rolling on the long-term and ultra-long fatigue behavior of these alloys. This new knowledge is vital for improving manufacturing processes and ensuring the safety and reliability of FeCrAl alloys used in nuclear industry applications.
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Shijian Wang, Qiyuan He, Quanwei Liang, Jie Cui, Qing Jiang, Chang Liu, Chao He, Lang Li and Yao Chen
The study aims to examine the effect of inclusions and inherent microstructure on fatigue behavior of 34Cr2Ni2Mo steel.
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to examine the effect of inclusions and inherent microstructure on fatigue behavior of 34Cr2Ni2Mo steel.
Design/methodology/approach
Fatigue behavior of 34Cr2Ni2Mo steel was investigated for up to 1E10 cycles.
Findings
Results showed that both inclusion and inherent microstructure have an influence on the crack initiation mechanism. Fatigue cracks mostly initiated from inclusions, whereas substrate-induced crack initiations were also observed. Fatigue life of inclusion-induced failures is mostly determined by the location of inclusions rather than the loading stress. The inherent microstructure seems to tolerate inclusions at a lower stress level in very high-cycle regime owing to the absence of internal inclusion-induced failure. For the substrate-induced crack initiations, high-density dislocations are found to be accumulated around the carbide particle-matrix interface, which may be the cause of crack initiation in the inherent structure due to strain localization.
Originality/value
The effect of inclusions and inherent microstructure on fatigue behavior of 34Cr2Ni2Mo steel up to 1E10 cycles.
Highlights
Fatigue failure occurs even at a lifetime of 5.76E9 cycles.
Surface inclusion induced premature failures.
Inherent microstructure tolerates inclusions at lower stress level.
Internal carbides promote substrate-induced crack initiations.
Fatigue failure occurs even at a lifetime of 5.76E9 cycles.
Surface inclusion induced premature failures.
Inherent microstructure tolerates inclusions at lower stress level.
Internal carbides promote substrate-induced crack initiations.
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate risk dimensions affecting food risk perceptions and to develop effective risk communication strategies based on their risk perceptions dimensions. The reason for writing this paper is that applying single risk communication strategy for public often fails because food risks are systemic risks and public perceptions toward them consist of multiple dimensions. Launching an effective risk communication need to investigate the perception dimensions of the target audience.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 2,673 parents of 3-14-year-old children from the rural area of Sichuan province in China were chosen as target audience. Based on the survey conducted about parents’ food risk perceptions, this study used factor-cluster analysis method to segment parents to sub-clusters with significantly different risk perception dimensions. Parents’ representative demographic characteristics within each cluster were further identified through cross-tabs analysis with χ2 tests.
Findings
All the parents could be segmented into four sub-clusters, namely, sensitive parents, dependent parents, familiarity-oriented parents and institutional distrust parents, according to their risk perception difference on five dimensions. A series of risk communication strategies were specifically designed for each cluster based on their risk perception features as well as demographic characteristics.
Originality/value
The insight derived from this study described a deeper image of public risk perceptions and provided suggestions for risk communication launchers to pinpoint the risk perception as well as perception dimensions of the target audience and accordingly develop effective risk communication strategies.
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To promote the effective allocation of public sports venues in the county and promote the construction of new urbanization, the allocation of public stadiums in the county was…
Abstract
To promote the effective allocation of public sports venues in the county and promote the construction of new urbanization, the allocation of public stadiums in the county was studied under the background of new urbanization. Interviews and literature research methods were adopted. The differences between the new urbanization and the traditional urbanization of the county's public stadiums were discussed. Under the background of new urbanization, the status quo of the allocation of public stadiums in China's counties was studied. Under the background of new urbanization, the problems and influencing factors of the allocation of public stadiums in China's counties were analyzed. The corresponding proposal was put forward. The results showed that the number of county venues in China was greatly improved, but the total amount was still insufficient. The configuration structure was improved, but the structural imbalance was still significant. The way of configuration was innovative, but the government dominated the main position. The configuration policy was constantly improving. The legalization was not perfect. Therefore, the balance between supply and demand, the balance of urban and rural settings, the optimization of public sports venues, and the establishment of public stadiums under new urbanization are important. This will help to promote the study of the allocation of public sports venues in China's counties under the background of new urbanization.
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Anete Pajuste, Elva Poriete and Reinis Novickis
This paper explores how the text complexity and content of management discussion and analysis (MD&A) relate to earnings management in Baltic listed companies.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper explores how the text complexity and content of management discussion and analysis (MD&A) relate to earnings management in Baltic listed companies.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a panel data set of 250 firm-year observations from the Baltic markets in the period 2012–2016, this paper uses linear regression analysis to examine the relation between earnings management and reporting complexity.
Findings
The results show that earnings could be managed in about 6–11% of firm-years, depending on specification, and there is a positive relationship between earnings management and reporting complexity; however, this relationship is confined to more liquid companies. The authors argue that higher scrutiny by market participants in more liquid companies incentivizes managers to obfuscate negative financial results through report complexity.
Originality/value
This paper presents a novel application of the opportunistic perspective of positive accounting theory (PAT) in relation to managers' choice of reporting complexity. The findings of this paper contribute by providing empirical evidence for strategic reporting by managers and can be useful for regulators and investors that should monitor the level of reporting complexity in the listed companies.
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Huan Liu, Rui Wang, Junyao Wang, Xingyu Chen, Yunpeng Li, Bowen Cui, Tianhong Lang and Weihua Zhu
Flexible pressure sensor arrays have promising applications in analog haptics, reconfiguration of sensory functions, artificial intelligence, wearable devices and human-computer…
Abstract
Purpose
Flexible pressure sensor arrays have promising applications in analog haptics, reconfiguration of sensory functions, artificial intelligence, wearable devices and human-computer interaction. The force disturbance generated by the connecting material between the sensor array units will reduce the detection accuracy of the unit. The purpose of this paper is to propose a flexible pressure sensor with interference immunity capability. A C-type bridge flexible piezoelectric structure is used to improve the pressure perturbation. The interference immunity capability of the sensor has been improved.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a C-type pressure sensor array structure by rapid injection moulding is manufactured through the positive piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric material. The feasibility of C-type interference immunity structure in a flexible sensor array is verified by further analysis and experiment. A flexible pressure sensor array with C-type interference immunity structure has been proposed.
Findings
In this paper, we present the results of the perturbation experiment results of the C-type pressure sensor array, showing that the perturbation error is less than 8%. The test of the flexible sensor array show that the sensor can identify the curved angle of up to 120 °, and the output sensitivity of the sensor in the horizontal state reaches 0.12 V/N, and the sensor can withstand the pressure of 80 N. The flexible sensor can work stably in the stretch rate range of 0–8.6% and the stretch length range of 0–6 mm.
Originality/value
In this paper, C-type pressure sensor array structure is fabricated by rapid injection moulding for the first time. The research in this paper can effectively reduce the disturbance of input pressure on the sensor’s internal array and improve the output accuracy. The sensor can intuitively reflect the number of fingers sliding on the sensor by the order in which the maximum voltage appears. Due to the strong interference immunity capability and flexibility of the flexible sensor array mechanism, it has a broad application prospect in the practical fields of haptic simulation, perceptual function reconstruction, artificial intelligence, wearable devices and human–computer interaction.
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Mélia Djabi and Sakura Shimada
The purpose of this article is to understand how academics in management deal with the concept of generation in the workplace. We begin by conducting an interdisciplinary…
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to understand how academics in management deal with the concept of generation in the workplace. We begin by conducting an interdisciplinary literature analysis, thereby elaborating a conceptual framework concerning generational diversity. This framework consists of four levels of analysis (society, career, organisation and occupation) and three dimensions (age, cohort and event/period). We then conduct a meta-analysis using this conceptual framework to analyse papers from the management field. The results from this analysis reveal the existence of a diversity of generational approaches, which focus on the dimensions of age and cohort on a societal level. Four factors seem to explain these results: the recent de-synchronisation of generational dimensions and levels, the novelty of theoretical models, the amplification of stereotypes by mass media and the methodologies employed by researchers. In sum, this article contributes to a more realistic view of generational diversity in the workplace for both academics and practitioners.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore the key features of fashion rental from a business model perspective with a focus on the role played by digital platforms.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the key features of fashion rental from a business model perspective with a focus on the role played by digital platforms.
Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research design was used based on multiple case studies of three Italian fashion rental enterprises.
Findings
The findings reveal the key aspects characterizing fashion rental business models and the centrality of digital platforms in value creation, configuration and capture activities. The study also found that fashion rental platforms are likely to exhibit further successful development in the future.
Originality/value
The academic literature on fashion rental has been mainly focussed on examining consumers' motivations and concerns, paying little attention to the enterprise's viewpoint. To date, no previous study has examined fashion rental business models from the retailer's perspective. This paper is the first to explore the key components of fashion rental business models and how digital platforms influence them from the perspective of retailers. The originality of the study is further strengthened by the unique context of analysis, namely, Italy, a leading country for global fashion.