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Article
Publication date: 14 June 2019

Deb Kusum Das, Suresh Chand Aggarwal, Abdul Azeez Erumban and Pilu Chandra Das

The dynamics of economic growth in India continues to engage economists and still remains much debated. The trends and patterns of growth observed in India have seen acceleration…

607

Abstract

Purpose

The dynamics of economic growth in India continues to engage economists and still remains much debated. The trends and patterns of growth observed in India have seen acceleration in growth in Indian economy in the period following macroeconomic reforms and policy changes in investment and trade regimes. However, when and how did India transform itself from Hindu rate of growth to the present growth regime continues to be debated.

Design/methodology/approach

Using INDIA KLEMS data set, this study provides a distinctive perspective on India’s economic growth. A unique data set comprising 27 sectors of Indian economy at a disaggregate industry level for a period of 30 years, beginning 1980s, attempts to understand the dynamics of India’s growth from the contribution of industries that comprise the Indian economy.

Findings

This productivity data set offers a new way of analyzing the dynamics of growth including the sources of growth. The growth empirics allow evaluation of the relative significance of total factor productivity growth vis-a-vis input accumulation in accounting for output growth. In addition, the authors were able to document the industry contributions to aggregate growth. In this way, they were able to analyze the importance of the constituent industries within the different sectors of the economy − agriculture, manufacturing, construction and market, as well as non-market services in accounting for the observed growth in India. In conclusion, the industry perspective offers a new and analytical way of discerning new aspects of India’s march to higher growth regimes in post-1990s era.

Originality/value

A unique data set comprising 27 sectors of Indian economy at a disaggregate industry level for a period of 30 years, beginning 1980s, attempts to understand the dynamics of India’s growth from the contribution of industries that comprise the Indian economy.

Details

Indian Growth and Development Review, vol. 13 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8254

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1985

This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/eb042140. When citing the article, please…

23

Abstract

This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/eb042140. When citing the article, please cite: L.K. Aggarwal, G.W. Kapse, (1985), “Modified iron-oxide pigment based paints”, Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol. 14 Iss: 6, pp. 4 - 11.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 32 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 1982

G.W. Kapse and L.K. Aggarwal

Corrosion protection efficiency of any protective system depends not only on the nature and quality of the coating system used but also on the condition of the mrface on which it…

30

Abstract

Corrosion protection efficiency of any protective system depends not only on the nature and quality of the coating system used but also on the condition of the mrface on which it is to be applied. Various metal cleaning methods include (a) chemical cleaning — solvent degreasing, alkali cleaning and acid pickling (b) mechanical cleaning — shot blasting and (c) chemical conversion coatings — phosphating. Several of the recent advances in the field of prepaint treatment of steel have had as an objective the provision of an intrinsically fine, compact, well adhered zinc phosphate coating. Studies in this direction have been carried out in Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee and conditions for a suitable phosphating process have been optimised. Some work on the development of zinc rich paints based on both inorganic as well as organic binders have already been reported. The study has been extended by evaluating the performance of these zinc rich coatings on phosphated steel panels. In this report the performance of the above mentioned coatings when applied on the phosphated steel panels have been discussed. The studies reported include the preparation of the phosphated mild steel panels having three levels of coating wight ranging between 1.5–7.5 g/m2 (obtained by varying only the immersion time and keeping other parameters similar). A cost of zinc rich paint (75m?) based on either sodium silicate or chlorinated rubber binder was then applied on these panels along with the unphosphated ones. Comparison of the corrosion protection efficiency of the various systems thus obtained was carried out by using both laboratory and accelerated laboratory tests as well as by outdoor exposure studies. The performance of the coatings on phosphated panels has been remarkedly satisfactory as compared to the unphosphated panels. This is particularly so when the coating weight of the phosphate layer is between 4.5–7.5 g/m2; there is not any marked difference in the performance of paints applied on a phosphated layer with a coating weight of about 1.5 g/m2 as compared to the unphosphated panels.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 29 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1976

Wahid U. Malik and L.K. Aggarwal

Introduction The changes in electrical resistance of paint films immersed in an electroplyte has long been associated with anti‐corrosive paints. As early as 1913, Digby and…

20

Abstract

Introduction The changes in electrical resistance of paint films immersed in an electroplyte has long been associated with anti‐corrosive paints. As early as 1913, Digby and Paterson used painted steel panels in galvanic cells and measured the e.m.f.'s of the cells at different intervals. These studies were extended by Bacon et.al.. They have shown that changes in electrical resistance measurements have good relation with anto‐corrosive paints which are to be used under water.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 23 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1985

L.K. Aggarwal and G.W. Kapse

It is well known that iron oxide, a pigment widely used in the paint industry, can not bring about chemical inhibition of the corrosion process. This pigment, however, belongs to…

27

Abstract

It is well known that iron oxide, a pigment widely used in the paint industry, can not bring about chemical inhibition of the corrosion process. This pigment, however, belongs to the semi‐conductor group and as such its structure is amenable to modification. The method essentially consists of mixing another oxide with iron oxide and subsequent calcination. The modified iron oxide was studied in four media viz., linseed oil, alkyd, chlorinated rubber and sodium silicate. The paints prepared in these media were evaluated by laboratory and natural weathering tests. The results have shown that the modified iron oxide pigment does bring about corrosion inhibition and that its performance is on a par with that of red lead in linseed oil and can be used with advantage. There is an overall saving in the cost of protection per unit area of iron and steel.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 14 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 14 June 2019

Suresh Chand Aggarwal and Bishwanath Goldar

This study aims to analyze the structure and trend in employment in the Indian economy between 1980-8081 and 2015-2016.

689

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the structure and trend in employment in the Indian economy between 1980-8081 and 2015-2016.

Design/methodology/approach

Use of India KLEMS data set. Estimate growth rate of employment and discuss employment prospects using “Point” employment elasticity.

Findings

Whilst India’s GDP growth rate has been quite impressive since the reforms of 1991, the rate of employment growth, especially in the recent period of 2003-2015, has been quite slow (1 per cent) with low employment elasticity (0.1). The pattern of employment growth has also been imbalanced with slow rate of employment growth in manufacturing and rapid growth rate in the construction sector. India now also has low labour force participation rate and a large share of informal employment in the economy.

Research limitations/implications

The limitation is the lack of reliable data on employment for the recent period.

Practical implications

With overall low employment elasticity, India would have to explore sectors where more employment opportunities could be created.

Social implications

India has to create not only more jobs but also “good” jobs.

Originality/value

The India KLEMS data provide a time series for employment, which has been used in this paper to find “Point” elasticity instead of arc elasticity of employment and is an improvement over existing employment elasticity estimates.

Details

Indian Growth and Development Review, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8254

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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2019

Ramaa Arun Kumar and Mahua Paul

This study aims to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the post-2008 period for selected industries in the manufacturing sector at NIC 3-digit. Total factor…

248

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the post-2008 period for selected industries in the manufacturing sector at NIC 3-digit. Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) estimates are based on the theoretical framework provided by studies such Hall (1988), Abraham et al. (2009) and Crepon et al. (2005) that incorporate market imperfection in labour and product market, thereby modifying the traditional TFP estimation as Solow Residual.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the theoretical model that incorporates market imperfections in labour as well as product market in modifying the TFP estimates using the Levinsohn–Petrin framework of empirical estimation, the authors have calculated industry wise TFPG for 62 industries at NIC 3-digit level.

Findings

The study finds three distinct trends: first, there are considerable industrial disparities in productivity growth in terms of TFP. The estimates have been found to be higher than the conventional Solow Residual for most industries, indicating the role played by market imperfections in affecting the conventional measure of productivity growth. Second, estimates of bargaining power are found to be lower than those compared to the earlier estimates in Maiti (2013) for the Indian organised manufacturing case for 1998-2005. This observation is commensurate with the observation in recent years of a falling share in labour wage in total output in organised manufacturing sector. Finally, the study also found a statistically significant contribution of greater mechanisation on TFPG while an adverse effect of the rising dependence of organised manufacturing on contractual labour.

Originality/value

The role of market imperfections in measuring TFPG has been undertaken, and it has been found to be an important factor, as the estimated measures vary from the conventional measures of TFPG. Moreover, the study has considered a very recent period from 2008-2015 in estimating TFPG, as well as analysing the factors behind the trends in TFPG at industrial level.

Details

Indian Growth and Development Review, vol. 13 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8254

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1986

J Boxall

For any paint or coating system performance in service is determined by the whole formulation, with each of the individual ingredients contributing either directly or by…

34

Abstract

For any paint or coating system performance in service is determined by the whole formulation, with each of the individual ingredients contributing either directly or by interaction to the overall balance of film properties. Within these constraints, paint formulators recognise that certain materials have a well defined role to play and in many instances a consideration of a coatings service requirements does largely dictate the initial approach to formulation. One such ‘key’ group of materials are the pigments added to anticorrosive paints to provide protection to metallic substrates under aggressive conditions of exposure. One group of these pigments inhibit corrosion by perturbing in one of a number of ways the chemical reactions that would otherwise occur on the substrate surface in the presence of water. Other types of protective pigments function by improving the barrier properties of the applied paint film so that water cannot readily permeate through and initiate corrosion reactions on the substrate. Pigments in this group typically have a flake‐like particle shape which enables a ‘leafing’ effect to be achieved within the liquid coating after application. The inhibitive types of pigment need to be in close proximity to the substrate to function properly, and accordingly these are normally placed in primer coats only. The flake pigments which reduce moisture permeation through the film are most effective if added in depth, and these are often added to severa or all of the coats comprising a system, or are included as the sole protective pigment in high‐build paints. Recent developments in both of these broad groups of inhibitive and flake pigments will be considered in this article.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 15 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1985

BASF Farben + Fasern AG, Muenster, has acquired the Mobil Chemicals plant at Tiel, Netherlands, which becomes part of its newly formed subsidiary company, BASF Coatings BV. One…

14

Abstract

BASF Farben + Fasern AG, Muenster, has acquired the Mobil Chemicals plant at Tiel, Netherlands, which becomes part of its newly formed subsidiary company, BASF Coatings BV. One hundred and twenty‐five people are employed at the plant, which manufactures industrial paints, container coatings and coatings for polypropylene film.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 14 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 29 March 2011

Jie Sun, Ya‐Ling He and Wen‐Quan Tao

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the condensation process of hot vapor on smooth/rough walls and find how the condensation film forms and grows. The influences of the…

958

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the condensation process of hot vapor on smooth/rough walls and find how the condensation film forms and grows. The influences of the roughness and the wettability on condensation are especially analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach

The non‐equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation method is used to simulate the condensation. In order to maintain the process, a simple and effective molecule insertion mechanics is proposed.

Findings

The results show that the wall‐neighboring liquid structure becomes more regular with stronger wettability. The temporal parametric profiles show that the condensation does not progress at a constant rate but exhibit obvious unsteady characteristics of gradual deceleration, especially for strong wettability cases. Analysis based on heat and mass transfer indicates that the influence of wettability is quite superior to that of the roughness. The enhancement should be explained by the more fluent and effective energy exchange between solid and liquid particles caused by strong solid‐liquid coupling other than by the ordering structure itself.

Practical implications

The paper's findings suggest that the wettability should be paid special attention when the heat transfer performance of the microscale condensation is predominantly focused on.

Originality/value

The paper provides a vapor‐liquid‐solid model with molecule insertion. This model can be used to evaluate the contact thermal resistance and the thermal boundary conditions in condensation under different geometric conditions.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 21 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

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