Describes how audit reports issued by the General Accounting Office(GAO) can be used to teach internal auditing students not only aboutaudit reports, but the wide subject‐matter…
Abstract
Describes how audit reports issued by the General Accounting Office (GAO) can be used to teach internal auditing students not only about audit reports, but the wide subject‐matter examined by internal auditors. Audit reports are available free from the GAO. Details how students learn by comparing the GAO reports with the recommendations in textbooks and journal articles.
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Vasilii Erokhin and Tianming Gao
Sustainable development is inseparable from rational and responsible use of resources and promotion of green entrepreneurship. The contemporary green development agenda…
Abstract
Sustainable development is inseparable from rational and responsible use of resources and promotion of green entrepreneurship. The contemporary green development agenda encompasses climate, economic, technical, social, cultural, and political dimensions. International efforts to greening the global development are conducted by the major economies, including China as the world’s largest consumer of energy and the biggest emitter of greenhouse gases. China is aware of its environmental problems, as well as of its part of the overall responsibility for the accomplishment of the sustainable development goals. By means of the decarbonization efforts, the latter are integrated both into the national development agenda (the concept of ecological civilization) and China’s international initiatives (the greening narrative within the Belt and Road Initiative). Over the past decade, China has made a breakthrough on the way to promoting green entrepreneurship and greening of its development (better quality of air and water, renewable energy, electric vehicles, and organic farming). On the other hand, emissions remain high, agricultural land loses productivity, and freshwater resources degrade due to climate change. In conventional industries (oil, coal mining, and electric and thermal energy), decarbonization faces an array of impediments. In this chapter, the authors summarize fundamental provisions of China’s approach to building an ecological civilization and measures to reduce emissions and achieve the carbon neutrality status within the nearest decades. The analysis of obstacles to the decarbonization of the economy and possible prospects for the development of green entrepreneurship summarizes China’s practices for possible use in other countries.
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Shuang-Gao Li, Wenmin Chu, Xiang Huang and Jinggang Xu
In the digital assembly system of large aircraft components (LAC), the docking trajectory of LAC is an important factor affecting the docking accuracy and stability of the LAC…
Abstract
Purpose
In the digital assembly system of large aircraft components (LAC), the docking trajectory of LAC is an important factor affecting the docking accuracy and stability of the LAC. The main content of docking trajectory planning is how to move the LAC from the initial posture and position to the target posture and position (TPP). This paper aims to propose a trajectory planning method of LAC based on measured data.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the posture and position error model of the wing is constructed according to the measured data of the measurement points (MPs) and the fork lug joints. Second, the particle swarm optimization algorithm based on the dynamic inertia factor is used to optimize the TPP of the wing. Third, to ensure the efficiency and stability of posture adjustment, the S-shaped curve is used as the motion trajectory of LAC, and the parameters of the trajectory are solved by the generalized multiplier method. Finally, a series of docking experiments are carried out.
Findings
During the process of posture adjustment, the motion of the numerical control locator (NCL) is stable, and the interaction force between the NCLs is always within a reasonable range. After the docking, the MPs are all within the tolerance range, and the coaxiality error of the fork lug hole is less than 0.2 mm.
Originality/value
In this paper, the measured data rather than the theoretical design model is used to solve the TPP, which improves the docking accuracy of LAC. Experiment results show that the proposed trajectory method can complete the LAC docking effectively and improve the docking accuracy.
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Jian Wang, Yan Zhang, Xiaoyu Wang, Nan Zhu, Wei-Hsin Liao and Qiang Gao
This study aims to present a novel topology optimization method for effectively minimizing the frequency response over a given frequency interval considering anisotropic features…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to present a novel topology optimization method for effectively minimizing the frequency response over a given frequency interval considering anisotropic features and fiber angles simultaneously.
Design/methodology/approach
The variable thickness sheet (VTS) method is used to obtain a free material distribution under the specified volume constraint. The anisotropic equivalent stiffness matrix based on the material fiber angles is considered in the orthotropic material properties model, which ensures a sufficiently large design space to minimize the frequency response. To lessen the computational burden, the quasi-static Ritz vector (QSRV) method is integrated to approximate the structural response.
Findings
Compared to considering only one element, the optimization process simultaneously considers the spatially-varying fiber angles and the material distribution, allowing for a broader design space to minimize the frequency response of additive manufacturing (AM) structures. The orthotropic properties play an important role in determining optimal material distribution of the structure. Moreover, the QSRV method makes the frequency response analysis more efficient.
Originality/value
The anisotropic stiffness and spatially-varying angles of the fiber materials induced by the layer-by-layer printing process of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are simultaneously considered to further minimize the frequency response of AM structures, which improves the performance of AM-CFRP structures.
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Qiaojun Zhou, Ruilong Gao, Zenghong Ma, Gonghao Cao and Jianneng Chen
The purpose of this article is to solve the issue that apple-picking robots are easily interfered by branches or other apples near the target apple in an unstructured environment…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this article is to solve the issue that apple-picking robots are easily interfered by branches or other apples near the target apple in an unstructured environment, leading to grasping failure and apple damage.
Design/methodology/approach
This study introduces the system units of the apple-picking robot prototype, proposes a method to determine the apple-picking direction via 3D point cloud data and optimizes the path planning method according to the calculated picking direction.
Findings
After the field experiments, the average deviation of the calculated picking direction from the desired angle was 11.81°, the apple picking success rate was 82% and the picking cycle was 11.1 s.
Originality/value
This paper describes a picking control method for an apple-picking robot that can improve the success and reliability of picking in an unstructured environment and provides a basis for automated and mechanized picking in the future.
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Siyang Gao, Bangcheng Zhang, Jianwei Sun and Wenrui Liu
The purpose of this paper is to design a biomimetic surface structure for use in a glass transport device to enhance the suspension lift of a glass transport unit.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design a biomimetic surface structure for use in a glass transport device to enhance the suspension lift of a glass transport unit.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a surface structure of a suspended glass transport device based on the principle of bionics. First, a mapping model is constructed based on the wing structure. Second, the optimal structural parameters are given according to genetic algorithm optimization. Finally, the experimental comparison of the test bench verified the feasibility of the theory.
Findings
Through experimental comparison, the biomimetic suspension glass transport device saves 20% of air pressure compared with the ordinary suspended glass transport device, which verifies the effectiveness of the theoretical method.
Originality/value
This paper proposes a suspended glass transport device based on the principle of bionics, which saves the air pressure required for work. It is expected to be used in suspension glass transport devices.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-09-2019-0389/
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Hongjun Xing, Kerui Xia, Liang Ding, Haibo Gao, Guangjun Liu and Zongquan Deng
The purpose of this paper is to enable autonomous door-opening with unknown geometrical constraints. Door-opening is a common action needed for mobile manipulators to perform…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to enable autonomous door-opening with unknown geometrical constraints. Door-opening is a common action needed for mobile manipulators to perform rescue operation. However, it remains difficult for them to handle it in real rescue environments. The major difficulties of rescue manipulation involve contradiction between unknown geometrical constraints and limited sensors because of extreme physical constraints.
Design/methodology/approach
A method for estimating the unknown door geometrical parameters using coordinate transformation of the end-effector with visual teleoperation assists is proposed. A trajectory planning algorithm is developed using geometrical parameters from the proposed method.
Findings
The relevant experiments are also conducted using a manipulator suited to extreme physical constraints to open a real door with a locked latch and unknown geometrical parameters, which demonstrates the validity and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Originality/value
This is a novel method for estimating the unknown door geometrical parameters with coordinate transformation of the end-effector through visual teleoperation assists.
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Ayodeji E. Oke and Seyi S. Stephen
This chapter discussed the implementation of the digital twin (DT) idea into construction. Through the adoption of DTs into construction practices, construction professionals have…
Abstract
This chapter discussed the implementation of the digital twin (DT) idea into construction. Through the adoption of DTs into construction practices, construction professionals have been able to project an identical virtual concept of sections of the project execution right from the onset. In the introduction and discussing of its origin, the DT was further assessed about its applications in construction beneficial in enhancing project delivery. Other sections like barriers, drivers and benefits of the DT in construction summarised what this chapter represents in terms of discussing the new involvement of digital tools in construction execution, management and sustainability.