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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1973

Davis and L Timmins

The total life and reliability of a fastened joint does not depend entirely upon the initial strength of the components involved but also upon the compatibility of the materials…

47

Abstract

The total life and reliability of a fastened joint does not depend entirely upon the initial strength of the components involved but also upon the compatibility of the materials concerned with the service environment.

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Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Publication date: 21 September 2015

Claudia Chaufan, Hegla Fielding, Catherine Chesla and Alicia Fernandez

Professional interpreter use improves care in patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) but inequalities in outcomes remain. We explore the experience of US Latinos with LEP…

Abstract

Purpose

Professional interpreter use improves care in patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) but inequalities in outcomes remain. We explore the experience of US Latinos with LEP and diabetes in language discordant care.

Methodology/approach

We conducted in-depth interviews of 20 low-income Latino patients with diabetes and LEP. We interviewed participants in Spanish, digitally recorded and transcribed interviews, and read transcripts to identify themes and interpret meanings using interpretive phenomenology as theoretical framework.

Findings

While patients preferred, and experienced greater trust in, language concordant clinical encounters, they did not believe that language discordance affected outcomes because they felt that these depended largely on their compliance with physicians’ recommendations. Patients also downplayed structural barriers to care and outcomes. Self-blame was paradoxically encouraged by physicians’ praise vis-à-vis favorable outcomes.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations include small and convenience sample and limited generalizability. However, findings illustrate communicational dynamics between patients and clinicians with important implications for health care practice and policy. They support the perception that trust develops best within language concordant care, which underscores the importance of recruiting clinicians with diverse language skills. They highlight the importance of sensitizing clinicians to the social determinants of health, which may be overlooked when treating patients with conditions requiring substantial self-management, like diabetes. Language barriers in health care must be understood in the broader context of structural inequalities in health care. The necessary emphasis on self-management may (inadvertently) strengthen the hegemonic view that places responsibility for diabetes outcomes on patients’ ability to self-manage their condition to the neglect of social/political determinants of diabetes.

Originality/value

Studies have quantitatively examined the effects of language discordant care on diabetes outcomes, yet few have done so qualitatively. To our knowledge, no study has attempted to understand the experience of language discordance from the perspective of LEP patients with diabetes and how this experience may explain observed differences in outcomes.

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Education, Social Factors, and Health Beliefs in Health and Health Care Services
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-367-9

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Publication date: 10 August 2017

Claudia Chaufan, Mi-Kyung “Miki” Hong and Alicia Fernandez

We explored how clinicians assisting low-income US Latino patients with diabetes and limited English proficiency (LEP) made sense of language-discordant care in the context of the…

Abstract

We explored how clinicians assisting low-income US Latino patients with diabetes and limited English proficiency (LEP) made sense of language-discordant care in the context of the social determination of health.

We interviewed 14 physicians in an urban teaching hospital, recorded and transcribed the interviews, and read transcripts to identify themes and interpret meanings. We used a mixed qualitative approach and drew from the Marxian tradition that illuminates how the dynamic of the clinical encounter tends to reproduce the social order by excluding its critical appraisal.

Participants believed that language barriers undermine the quality of the clinical encounter and diabetes outcomes, were eager to serve disadvantaged patients, and were well schooled in the social determination of health and its role in diabetes inequalities. However, they appeared unable to conceptualize macro-level changes that may achieve greater health equity.

The structure of medical discourse appears to limit the ability of individual clinicians to conceptualize and engage in social change on behalf patients. Recent debates in primary care indicate that this limitation is currently being challenged. Health services for persons with diabetes and limited English proficiency in the United States and elsewhere require significant improvements in interpreter services. At a broader level, clinicians should consider stepping beyond the limited, traditional role of medical/behavioral advisor to engage in political action toward greater social equity, which would result in better health.

Research in the various dimensions of language discordance is largely quantitative thus the need for qualitative studies to inform practice and policy.

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Health and Health Care Concerns Among Women and Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78743-150-8

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1936

REPERCUSSIONS of the Margate Conference will be felt for some time to come. There is still the suggestion that one or the other side won in the debate on central control, for…

25

Abstract

REPERCUSSIONS of the Margate Conference will be felt for some time to come. There is still the suggestion that one or the other side won in the debate on central control, for example, but we would suggest that it was an occasion when a case was stated and combatted and that the result was the only wise one; that is to say, both parties agreed that the Council should consider the matter. It would be in the highest degree dangerous if at any open meeting of over 1,000 members of the Library Association any policy, then for the first time outlined, should be adopted as a settled rule of life. Such questions as central control have to be considered in all their bearings, and admirable as was the case Colonel Mitchell made for it, and forceful as was Mr. Berwick Sayers's rejoinder, they would not be regarded as final statements, even by themselves. There were some murmurings at the swift close of the debate, and there were more than murmurings that so important a matter should arise without due notice. These are not quite reasonable, and no one could have handled the meeting more quietly and impartially than the President (Mr. Savage) did. That no notice was given of the debate is hardly true although the words of the motion proposed by Colonel Mitchell were not known until the debate began; but the intention of the debate was to elicit opinions which might help the council in framing a policy; there was no intention to reach a decision or to publish the results of the meeting. A considered report, twelve months hence, on the deliberations of the L.A. Council on the matter should be far better than any account of the vapourings at Margate.

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New Library World, vol. 39 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4803

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Article
Publication date: 29 May 2024

Ruth McKay, Aareni Uruthirapathy and Yulia Pankova

Canadian organizations started addressing workplace bullying and harassment in the 1990s. Proactive organizations have written policies, trained managers and employees, created a…

293

Abstract

Purpose

Canadian organizations started addressing workplace bullying and harassment in the 1990s. Proactive organizations have written policies, trained managers and employees, created a complaint process and conducted surveys. The objective of this study is to examine how effective these efforts by Canadian organizations have been.

Design/methodology/approach

Data for this research were collected through a survey administered to employees in Canadian workplaces (n = 1,000), including managers (n = 461). A stratified sample was used to facilitate a good representation of region, age, gender, sector and occupational level of working Canadians.

Findings

The survey indicated that some Canadian organizations continue to be negligent in addressing workplace bullying and harassment and that the problem is particular to large organizations, young employees and the private sector.

Research limitations/implications

The survey identifies that some Canadian organizations are still negligent in addressing workplace bullying and harassment. The problem is particular to large organizations, young employees and the public sector.

Practical implications

Senior and middle-level managers need to be aware that workplace bullying and harassment continue to occur in their work environment. Further, given that managers at times defer excessively to authority, the human resource (HR) department has a vital role in addressing workplace bullying and harassment. HR needs to establish a reputation among employees that their complaints will be taken seriously, and corrective actions will be taken.

Originality/value

This study examined the nature of workplace bullying and harassment in the Canadian context. The study found that organizations are still neglecting issues of workplace bullying and harassment and that there is a disconnect between what employees are experiencing and what senior management is professing is the situation. This disconnect is a continued liability for organizations.

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Employee Relations: The International Journal, vol. 46 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0142-5455

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Article
Publication date: 29 June 2012

Anoma Ariyawardana, Ramu Govindasamy and Venkata Puduri

The consumption of ethnic food is an integral part of the Hispanic culture. Therefore, this study was carried out with the intention of assessing the consumption and preferences…

432

Abstract

Purpose

The consumption of ethnic food is an integral part of the Hispanic culture. Therefore, this study was carried out with the intention of assessing the consumption and preferences for ethnic specialty produce by the Hispanics in the east coast of the USA with an aim of formulating production and marketing guidelines to meet the increasing demands of the rising Hispanic population in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through telephone interviews from 542 randomly selected Mexicans and Puerto Ricans living in 16 east coast regions of the USA. Questions related to socio‐demographic details and consumption and preference for 20 pre‐determined ethnic specialty produce were asked. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.

Findings

Chain grocery stores were the most common outlets for ethnic produce. Freshness and quality were the most important criteria for both Mexicans and Puerto Ricans. Expenditure patterns revealed that they allocate 71 percent and 62 percent respectively on ethnic produce compared with other produce. Age and education had a negative influence while income had a positive influence on the willingness‐to‐pay for ethnic specialty produce.

Research limitations/implications

In this study, only ten crops each were selected as ethnic specialty crops that are consumed by Mexicans and Puerto Ricans and the average willingness‐to‐pay for these crops were elicited.

Practical implications

Based on the expenditure patterns of 20 ethnic specialty produce commonly consumed and having a potential to be grown in the USA, this study recommends crops to be prioritized for production trials and grower recommendations.

Originality/value

The approach outlined in this paper uses a market‐driven assessment for crop prioritization research.

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Article
Publication date: 6 September 2024

Subaveerapandiyan A, Amreen Taj, Naved Ahmad, Manoj Kumar Verma and Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed

This study aims to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of PhD students in India regarding research ethics and institutional review boards (IRBs), assess awareness…

42

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of PhD students in India regarding research ethics and institutional review boards (IRBs), assess awareness levels, identify training gaps, examine ethical priorities and understand challenges in the IRB application process.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative approach was used, and a self-evaluator questionnaire was distributed electronically to PhD students. Data collection occurred between 1 March 1 and 30 March 2024, with analysis conducted using SPSS software.

Findings

The study reveals a significant gap in formal training on IRB procedures within PhD programs and challenges in completing IRB applications despite recognising ethical priorities such as informed consent and confidentiality.

Originality/value

This study provides insights into PhD students’ perspectives on research ethics and IRBs in India, highlighting the need for enhanced education and awareness initiatives to promote responsible conduct and safeguard research participants.

Details

Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2514-9342

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Article
Publication date: 27 April 2020

Laura E. Gatto, Heather Pearce, Luiza Antonie and Miana Plesca

The Government of Canada is adopting the pedagogical practice of Work Integrated Learning (WIL) to help youth develop the career ready skills needed to transition from school to…

383

Abstract

Purpose

The Government of Canada is adopting the pedagogical practice of Work Integrated Learning (WIL) to help youth develop the career ready skills needed to transition from school to work. As a result, colleges and universities are receiving funding to grow academic programs that link theoretical learning with practical work experience. However, there is limited research about the resources available to students with disabilities who engage in WIL. From an environmental scan of disability supports for WIL on 55 Canadian post-secondary institutions’ websites and survey results from WIL professionals we ask: Do post-secondary institutions in Canada help students with disabilities become career ready? The data reveals that 40% of schools have no reference to disability services for any career related activities and only 18% refer to disability supports for WIL. Survey respondents report they are not being trained nor have access to resources to support students with disabilities in WIL. The authors therefore recommend changes to public policy and resource allocation to ensure colleges and universities provide disability services for all WIL programs, train practitioners about career related disability management, and hire professionals who specialize in supporting students with disabilities in WIL.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted an environmental scan of 55 Canadian post-secondary schools with a student population of 10,000 or more and identified services and resources publicly advertised online for students with disabilities in relation to employment and/or WIL activities. From this broad search, codes were developed based on general themes found in the recorded information, such as the location of information and the type of resources and services advertised for students with disabilities. During the environmental scan, the authors also collected names and emails of people listed as working in career and/or WIL departments who received an anonymous survey about their experiences working with students with disabilities.

Findings

As the Government of Canada expands WIL to improve labour market outcomes for youth, the research findings of the authors provide valuable evidence that post-secondary institutions are not supporting youth with disabilities to become career ready. Surprisingly, 40% of post-secondary institutions have no reference to disability supports for career related activities and only 18% reference supports available for engaging in WIL on their websites. In addition, WIL practitioners are not receiving the resources nor training to support this demographic to transition from school to work. This research can provide direction on resource allocation; specifically, the need for disability related supports and dedicated professionals for students who engage in WIL programs in higher education.

Research limitations/implications

A limitation of the methodology in scanning public sites is that universities and colleges could have services or supports advertised on sites that can only be viewed by the faculty, staff and students from that school. Thus, it is possible that employment information for students with disabilities is available for those with login privileges. The authors attempted to mitigate this limitation by collecting survey responses about programs and services from WIL practitioners who work at the schools. The authors also did not measure marketing of services on social media platforms (e.g. Facebook, Instagram). Another limitation is that the WIL practitioner survey results are based on their perceptions. The sample size was not randomized, nor can the authors confirm it is a representative sample of all WIL practitioners in Canada.

Practical implications

As countries continue to grapple with how to deal with the intersectionality of disability on an already disadvantaged demographic in the labour market, they must ensure that students with disabilities have access to career ready activities while in school. The authors therefore recommend public policy and resource allocation, not only in Canada but at a global level, that ensures post-secondary institutions: (1) create disability management programs and resources for all WIL and career activities; (2) hire dedicated professionals who specialize in working with students with disabilities in WIL; and (3) provide mandatory training for WIL practitioners on how to support students with disabilities in programs that develop their career ready skills.

Social implications

Preparing students with disabilities to be career ready when they graduate will benefit the Canadian economy. This wasted human capital not only negatively impacts a labour market with an aging demographic, it affects social service programs as Canadians with disabilities are one-third times more likely to live in poverty compared to Canadians without disabilities (Canadian Survey on Disability, 2017). The G20 report also stated that if employment rates for people with disabilities who are able to work were the same as for people without disabilities, economies around the world could increase their GDP by 3–7% (ILO and OECD, 2018).

Originality/value

There is no research in Canada to date that provides a national overview of the services in higher education advertised to support students with disabilities in WIL.

Details

Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, vol. 11 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-3896

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Article
Publication date: 10 November 2023

Harry J. Van Buren and Judith Schrempf-Stirling

Stakeholder capitalism has been proposed as an alternative way of thinking about business purpose and value creation. However, stakeholder capitalism can only work as an…

429

Abstract

Purpose

Stakeholder capitalism has been proposed as an alternative way of thinking about business purpose and value creation. However, stakeholder capitalism can only work as an alternative model of business if all stakeholders and their interests are visible to and taken seriously by managers. The purpose of this paper is to untangle the challenges that invisible, marginalized and powerless stakeholders pose for theorizing about stakeholder capitalism.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is conceptual. The authors first briefly outline the promise of stakeholder capitalism for addressing pressing questions about value creation and stakeholder welfare. The authors then conceptualize stakeholder invisibility as the outcome of a particular stakeholder being both powerless and marginal through the prism of moral intensity theory and one of its elements: proximity. This study discusses the ways in which managers can make invisible stakeholders more visible in their decision-making.

Findings

For managers truly to manage for stakeholders, as anticipated by stakeholder capitalism, all stakeholders and stakeholder interests must be visible to them. This study analyzes why sometimes they are not, how they can be made more visible and why stakeholder visibility matters for stakeholder capitalism. This study proffers three principles for business practice: ethical commitments to reduce stakeholder invisibility, analyses of business strategies to surface the contributions of marginalized and invisible stakeholders and taking rights seriously.

Originality/value

This study provides a new perspective on stakeholder capitalism by linking the challenge in operationalizing it to the problems of stakeholder invisibility and marginality.

Details

Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 25 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1934

Armstrong, Whitworth Aircraft, Ltd., Coventry.—Aircraft, Reconditioning of: Supermarine Aviation Works (Vickers), Ltd., Woolston. Aircraft, Spares: Blackburn Aeroplane & Motor…

24

Abstract

Armstrong, Whitworth Aircraft, Ltd., Coventry.—Aircraft, Reconditioning of: Supermarine Aviation Works (Vickers), Ltd., Woolston. Aircraft, Spares: Blackburn Aeroplane & Motor Co., Ltd., Brough; Westland Aircraft Works, Yeovil.—Bitumen: Asiatic Petroleum Co., Ltd., London, E.C.—Blocks, Terminal: Oliver Pell Control, Ltd., London, S.E.—Brushes: C. H. Leng & Sons, Birmingham.—Camera Spares: Thornton Pickard Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Altrincham.—Canvas Duck: Jas. Stott, Ltd., Oldham.—Coats, Great: L. Silberston & Sons, London, E.—Cylinders: Walter Kidde Co., Ltd., Hanwell.—Dopes and Identification Colours: Nobel Chemical Finishes, Ltd., Slough.—Engines, Aero, Reconditioning and Spares: Bristol Aeroplane Co., Ltd., Filton.—Engines, Aero, Spares, Repair of: D. Napier & Son, Ltd., London, W.—Engines, Aero, Spares: Rolls‐Royce, Ltd., Derby.—Glycerine: D. Thorn & Co., Ltd., Pendleton.—Landplane: De Havilland Aircraft Co., Ltd., Edgware.—Lay‐out of Moorings and Mark Buoys: Thos. Round & Sons, Scarborough.—Limousines, Humber, Pullman: Rootes, Ltd., Coventry.—Locomotive, Diesel: F. C. Hibbard & Co., Ltd., London, N.W.—Magnetos: British Thomson‐Houston Co., Ltd., Coventry; Rotax, Ltd., London, N.W.—Mahogany: M. A. Morris, London, N.—Nippers: Wynn Timmins & Co., Ltd., Birmingham.—Pantaloons: L. Silberston & Sons, London, E.—Plugs and Sockets: Vickers (Aviation), Ltd., Weybridge.—Pumps, Fuelling: Zwicky, Ltd., Slough.—Thermometers, Radiator: Negretti & Zambra, London, E.C —Transmitters: Standard Telephones and Cables, Ltd., London, N.W.—Trays for Racks: Hobbies, Ltd., Dereham.—Valves W/T: Edison Swan Electric Co.,Ltd., London, W.C.—Waistcoats, Life Saving: Robinson & Cleaver, Ltd., London, W.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 6 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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