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The purpose of this paper is to check the Solar Photovoltaic (PV) inverter working condition with modified unipolar switching pulse. The gate pulse for the inverter switches is generated in MATLAB simulation and interfaced with hardware protype. Simulation results can be compared with hardware results.

A considerable amount of research has been done on different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques. Based on the findings, a modified Unipolar Sinusoidal PWM technique was created with one reference signal and two carrier signals+ (one for the positive half cycle and the other for the negative half cycle) and simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The prototype inverter module receives the simulated switching pulses via dSPACE DS1104 hardware software interfacing board. The hardware implementation has been done, and the hardware results compared with simulation results for various input voltage levels using resistive load.

This modified switching pulse has dead band and additional hardware setup is not required. 3-phase multi-level inverter output waveform has been achieved with six switches in this method and with low filter values, pure sine wave output can be obtained in simulation. By this method of switching pulse generation and testing, for every modification in switching pulse hardware gate driver is not required. Resulting time consumption and money investment are lower.

Modified Unipolar SPWM pulse generation technique is novel method for solar PV inverter. The switching pulse has been designed and tested in both MATLAB/Simulation and hardware prototype inverter. Hardware and software results are identical. This method of pulse generation and hardware implementation has not been done anywhere before.

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between general attitude toward advertising and consumers' purchase intention. The relationship between cognitive attitude, intrusiveness attitude, evaluative judgments, affective response and general attitude toward ad was examined. Furthermore, reliability as a moderator in the relationship between cognitive attitude, intrusiveness attitude, evaluative judgments, and affective response and the general attitude toward ad were studied.

Data from women consumers who subscribe to fashion magazines in India were collected and analyzed using a structured survey instrument. Women were selected because the products were related to women, including facial and body-care products, women sportswear, shampoos, lipstick, handbags, etc. Unit of analysis in this research is “observations,” and in all, 400 data points were analyzed, and to test hypothesized relationships, hierarchical regression and logistic regression were employed.

A conceptual model is developed and tested where (1) cognitive attitude toward ad, intrusiveness, evaluative judgments and affective responses are related to general attitude toward ad, and (2) general attitude toward ad is related to purchase intention. The hierarchical regression results show that (1) reliability moderates the relationship between cognitive attitude, intrusiveness, affective responses and general attitude toward ad. The logistic regression results support the positive relationship between general attitude toward ad and purchase intention.

Since the present research is based on self-report measures, the limitations of social desirability bias and common method bias are inherent. Second, this research focuses only on women consumers and products purchased by women. The research has implications for literature on advertising, especially women-related products.

This study contributes to practicing managers who are interested in promoting the women-related products. This study highlights the importance of general attitude toward ad as a precursor for consumers purchase intention. The study provides justification for enormous amounts of money invested in fashion advertising because of their effects on consumer behavior.

This study provides new insights about the effects reliability on general attitude toward ad and consumers' purchase intention. The conceptual model developed in this study adds novelty by considering reliability as a moderator, in addition to the direct relationships which have been studied by earlier researchers.

The purpose of this study is to prepare trivalent chromium conversion (TCC) film on the Zn-Ni electrodeposited film on the surface of 2024 aluminum alloy and to ensure that the TCC film has good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity.

The morphology of the TCC film was studied by scanning electron microscopy, and the elemental composition of the TCC film was characterized by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The TCC film was tested and the roughness was analyzed by 3D morphology (white light interference). The electrochemical behavior and corrosion resistance of TCC films were studied by the Tafel polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the conductivity was tested.

The TCC films were uniformly black and bright in appearance and were mainly compounds of Zn, Ni and Cr with O. The electrochemical impedance of the TCC film is larger than that of the Zn-Ni film, the corrosion current (I_corr) is smaller than that of the Zn-Ni film and the corrosion potential (E_corr) is larger than that of the Zn-Ni film, which has excellent corrosion resistance. TCCs were performed on the appropriate size of the shell sample, and the resistance of the shells was 1.5 mVDC, which meets the total resistance requirements of the test standard for composite connector accessories.

In this study, TCC film was successfully prepared on the Zn-Ni coating on the surface of 2024 aluminum alloy. The TCC film has good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity.

To modify a conventional evacuated tube, an improved asymmetric U-type evacuated tube (AUET) is proposed. This study aims to investigate the thermal and hydrodynamic performances of a modified tube and determine the optimal structural form.

Based on the variation of fluid proprieties with temperature, the formulated numerical model was validated and then deployed to investigate the natural circulation in the evacuated tubes. A dimensionless number was proposed to quantify the stratification effect. The influence of the degree of asymmetry of U-type evacuated tubes on the flow patterns, mass flow rate, temperature distribution, thermal stratification and energy conversion efficiency was studied.

When the degree of asymmetry is large, a higher velocity and better thermal stratification are achieved, thereby avoiding stagnant water at the bottom of the tubes simultaneously. Compared with the conventional evacuated tube, the improved evacuated tube exhibited a higher thermal efficiency.

The originally proposed AUET was proven to have better performance in avoiding stagnant water, reducing fluid mixing and improving the heat transfer efficiency.

The paper deals with the investigation of linear buckling and free vibration behavior of layered and multiphase magneto‐electro‐elastic (MEE) beam under thermal environment. The constitutive equations of magneto‐electro‐elastic materials are used to derive finite element equations involving the coupling between mechanical, electrical and magnetic fields. The finite element model has been verified with the commercial finite element package ANSYS. The influence of magneto electric coupling on critical buckling temperature is investigated between layered and multiphase magneto‐electro‐elastic beam. Furthermore, the influence of temperature rise on natural frequencies of magneto‐electro‐elastic beam with layered and different volume fraction is presented.

This study aims to investigate the morphology and physicochemical properties of BiOBr/Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membranes and the differences in the properties of BiOBr/PVDF composite membranes made by adding different precursor ratios during the casting process.

In this paper, sodium bromide and Bi(NO3)3 were used as precursors for the preparation of BiOBr photocatalysts, and PVDF membranes were modified by using the phase conversion method in conjunction with the in situ deposition method to produce BiOBr/PVDF hydrophilic composite membranes with both membrane separation and photocatalytic capabilities.

The characterization results confirmed that the composites were successfully and homogeneously co-mingled in the PVDF membranes. The related performance of the composite membrane was tested, and it was found that the composite membrane with the optimal precursor incorporation ratio had good photocatalytic efficiency and antipollution ability; the removal efficiencies of methyl orange, rhodamine B and methylene blue were 80.43%, 85.02% and 86.94%, respectively, in 2.5 h. The photocatalytic efficiency of composite membranes with different precursor ratios increased and then decreased with the increase of the precursor addition ratio.

The composite membrane is prepared by phase conversion method with in situ deposition method, and the BiOBr material has unique advantages for the degradation of organic dyes. The comprehensive experimental data can be known that the composite membrane prepared in this paper has high degradation efficiency and good durability for organic dyes.

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the linear thermal buckling and vibration analysis of layered and multiphase magneto‐electro‐elastic (MEE) cylinders made of piezoelectric/piezomagnetic materials using finite element method.

The constitutive equations of MEE materials are used to derive the finite element equations involving the coupling between mechanical, electrical, magnetic and thermal fields. The present study is limited to clamped‐clamped boundary conditions. The linear thermal buckling is carried out for an axisymmetric cylinder operating in a steady state axisymmetric uniform temperature rise. The influence of stacking sequences and volume fraction of multiphase MEE materials on critical buckling temperature and vibration behaviour is investigated. The influence of coupling effects on critical buckling temperature and vibration behaviour is also studied.

The critical buckling temperature is higher for MEE axisymmetric cylinder as compared to elastic cylinder.

Linear thermal buckling and vibration analysis of MEE axisymmetric cylinders are studied using the finite element approach. The structure can be used for active vibration control, sensors and actuators. Studying the buckling and vibration behaviour of such structures and influence of coupling effect is extremely useful for the design of magnetoelectroelastic structures.

Rough set theory is a simple and potential methodology in extracting and minimizing rules from decision tables. Its concepts are core, reduct and discovering knowledge in the form of rules. The decision rules explain the decision state to predict and support the new situation. Initially it was proposed as a useful tool for analysis of decision states. This approach produces a set of decision rules involves two types namely certain and possible rules based on approximation. The prediction may highly be affected if the data size varies in larger numbers. Application of Rough set theory towards this direction has not been considered yet. Hence the main objective of this paper is to study the influence of data size and the number of rules generated by rough set methods. The performance of these methods is presented through the metric like accuracy and quality of classification. The results obtained show the range of performance and first of its kind in current research trend.

This paper aims to evaluate the inhibition efficiency of norfloxacin on the corrosion of copper in 1.0 M nitric acid and 0.5 M sulfuric acid solutions.

Evaluation was carried out by electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization studies. Scanning electron microscopy was used, and it finally confirmed the existence of the adsorbed film.

The electrochemical measurements showed that norfloxacin has good inhibition efficiency on the corrosion of copper in 1.0 M nitric acid and 0.5 M sulfuric acid solutions. The inhibition action of norfloxacin in both of the corrosive media was observed to be of mixed type but with more of cathodic nature. The temperature dependence of the corrosion rate was studied in the temperature range from 35 to 55°C and the activation energy (E_a) was calculated. The adsorption of norfloxacin molecules on copper surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Studies on the potential of zero charge have been carried out to establish the mechanism of adsorption of the inhibitor onto the metal surface. The thermodynamic parameters such as the adsorption equilibrium constant (K_ads) and the free energy of adsorption (ΔG_ads) were calculated. The value of free energy of adsorption very close to −40 kJmol⁻¹ indicates that the adsorption is through electrostatic coulombic attraction and chemisorption. The decrease in value of E_a with the addition of inhibitor also shows the chemisorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface.

This paper indicates that norfloxacin can act as a good inhibitor for the corrosion of copper in both the acid media.

The mischievous nodes that defy the standard corrupt the exhibition of good nodes considerably. Therefore, an intrusion discovery mechanism should be included to the mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). In this paper, worm-hole and other destructive malignant attacks are propelled in MANET.

A wireless ad-hoc network also called as mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a gathering of hubs that utilizes a wireless channel to exchange information and coordinate together to establish information exchange among any pair of hubs, without any centralized structure. The security issue is a major difficulty while employing MANETs.

Consequently, the attacks due to the malicious node activity are detected using Hybrid Reactive Search and Bat (HRSB) mechanism to prevent the mischievous nodes from entering the network beneath the untruthful information. Moreover, the attack detection rate and node energy are predicted for determining the lifetime of the node.

The simulation outcomes of the proposed HRSB technique are evaluated with the prevailing methods. The comparison studies have proven the efficacy of the current research model by attaining high attack detection rate and achieving more network lifetime.