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Article
Publication date: 28 April 2022

Yong Kang Cheah, Kim-Leng Goh and Azira Abdul Adzis

This study aims to examine the factors associated with household expenditure share on tobacco at different ranges of the expenditure share among Malaysian households.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the factors associated with household expenditure share on tobacco at different ranges of the expenditure share among Malaysian households.

Design/methodology/approach

The analyses were based on pooled cross-sectional data of the Malaysian Household Expenditure Survey. A quantile regression was used to estimate the differentials in the share of monthly household expenditure on tobacco across different socio-economic, demographic and household groups at the 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 0.9 quantiles of the tobacco expenditure share.

Findings

Characteristics of household heads (age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, education level, employment status) and household location were significant factors. Households headed by individuals aged 29 years or less spent a bigger share of their expenditure on tobacco than those headed by individuals older than 59 years. Households with heads who were employed and had primary-level education devoted a greater share of their expenditure for tobacco than households with heads who were unemployed and had tertiary-level education. The corresponding differentials were between 0.2% and 2.3%.

Practical implications

The results identify the target groups based on not only the socio-economic and demographic factors but also the distributional effects of tobacco expenditure share for the design of public policy to reduce the prevalence of smoking-induced illnesses.

Originality/value

This study represents new attempts to use pooled cross-sectional data and a quantile regression to take into account the heterogeneous tobacco expenditure behaviour according to different levels of tobacco spending among Malaysian households.

Details

Drugs, Habits and Social Policy, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2752-6739

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Article
Publication date: 18 February 2021

Yong Kang Cheah, Kim-Leng Goh and Azira Abdul Adzis

The objective of this study is to examine the sociodemographic factors that are associated with health care expenditure among households in Malaysia.

459

Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study is to examine the sociodemographic factors that are associated with health care expenditure among households in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

This study examines health care participation decision and amount of expenditure using the exponential Type 2 Tobit model. A dataset of a large sample (n = 14,838) that is nationally representative is used.

Findings

The results suggest that household size, location of residence as well as age, education and marital status of the household heads are significantly associated with household expenditure on health care. Health care expenditure increases with the age and educational attainment of household heads, whereas those who are being employed and residing in rural areas have lower health care expenditure. Although larger households are more likely to consume health care than smaller households, they spend less on health care. Furthermore, marital status does not affect the participation decision of health care expenditure, but the variable is associated with the decision on the amount of the expenditure.

Practical implications

The results provide insights into groups of population that can be targeted for healthcare intervention programmes and policy design.

Originality/value

This study is the first to our knowledge to use a microeconometric approach to analyse the health care participation as well as its level of expenditure among households in Malaysia.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 48 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2003

Shu‐Hui Liaw and Kim‐Leng Goh

This paper shows that class size has inappropriately influenced students’ judgements on evaluations of lecturers in the Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of…

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Abstract

This paper shows that class size has inappropriately influenced students’ judgements on evaluations of lecturers in the Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya. A bias exists whereby courses with small enrolment receive good overall teaching ratings, whereas larger classes have produced poor evaluations. On the other hand, teaching ratings are not affected by instructor characteristics (instructional experience, rank and gender) or other course characteristics (type and level of subject, and time and day course is taught). To improve the construct validity of student ratings as a measure of teaching performance, this paper suggests using results from a regression model to estimate the bias factor associated with class size, and adjusting the overall teaching ratings based on this estimate in order to control for the bias.

Details

International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-354X

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Article
Publication date: 19 February 2020

Kian Yeik Koay, Derek Lai Teik Ong, Kim Leng Khoo and Hui Jing Yeoh

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of perceived social media marketing activities on consumer-based brand equity, mainly predicated on the S-O-R model…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of perceived social media marketing activities on consumer-based brand equity, mainly predicated on the S-O-R model. Furthermore, brand experience is tested as a mediator of the relationship between perceived social media marketing activities and consumer-based brand equity, whereas co-creation behaviour is also examined as a moderator on the relationship between perceived social media marketing activities and brand experience.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to social media users from a large private university in Malaysia. A total of 253 valid responses were obtained. Hypotheses were tested employing partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The results indicated that perceived social media marketing activities have a significant positive influence on consumer-based brand equity. In addition, brand experience mediates the relationship between perceived social media marketing activities and consumer-based brand equity. Surprisingly, co-creation behaviour was found to have no moderating effect on the relationship between perceived social media marketing activities and brand experience. Furthermore, using the PROCESS macro, we found that the indirect effect of perceived social media marketing activities on consumer-based brand equity through brand experience is not moderated by co-creation behaviour.

Originality/value

This research further extended the current knowledge by demonstrating that the influence of perceived social media marketing activities on consumer-based brand equity is mediated by brand experience. Also, this research utilised the strength of PLS–SEM in dealing with higher-order constructs, allowing us to develop and test a parsimonious model that is useful for practitioners.

Details

Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 33 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-5855

Keywords

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