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Entrepreneurship institutions exhibit substantial gender discrimination despite worldwide efforts to decrease the phenomenon. The MENA area has a low percentage of women entrepreneurs since little is known about women’s desire to start their businesses. The authors use the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain what influences women's propensity toward entrepreneurship and what factors discourage them.

TPB is a psychological theory explaining how individuals act in certain situations. The authors created their database by using a systematic questionnaire. Overall, 350 women entrepreneurs contributed to their dataset. Finally, the authors used structural equation modeling to verify their hypotheses.

This study helps them to shed light to better understand the dynamics of Entrepreneurial Intention, in women from Lebanon. The authors do not find any relationship between lack of knowledge, funding, networking and entrepreneurial startup intention for Lebanese women. The role of dynamic capabilities in the entrepreneurial landscape of Lebanon, particularly for women, is substantially highlighted by the full mediation observed in the relationship between lack of knowledge and entrepreneurial start-up intentions. The findings discovered that these capabilities could fully mediate the negative impact of lack of networking on the intention to commence entrepreneurial ventures.

This research illustrates and explains how dynamic capabilities mediate the relationship between women entrepreneurs' challenges and their intention to start a business in the Lebanese context.

This study aims to examine the impact of transformational leadership on leadership effectiveness and the mediating effect of emotional skills in this relationship.

The study used quantitative methodology, collecting data from 350 respondents from the Lebanese context. The data were analysed using AMOS for structural equation modelling.

Results indicated that transformational leadership positively impacts leadership effectiveness, and this relationship is partially mediated by emotional skills. Specifically, adaptability, assertiveness and relationship management partially mediate the relationship of transformational leadership to leadership effectiveness. The findings suggest that leaders who possess emotional skills, especially those related to adaptability, assertiveness and relationship management, can be more effective in their roles by inspiring and motivating their followers through transformational leadership.

The study relies on self-reported data, which can introduce potential biases such as social desirability bias and subjectivity. The study uses a cross-sectional design, which hinders establishing causal relationships or examining changes over time.

This study highlights the significance of transformational leadership on leadership effectiveness and its potential benefits on emotional skills as a mediator in this relationship.

The research is unique and provides potential contribution to the Lebanese context.

The primary objective of this study is to understand how gamification elements, perceived teacher support and boredom relate to academic performance and how these relationships are mediated by perceived enjoyment while pointing out such influence on educational outcomes.

A quantitative survey methodology was conducted with 350 Lebanese university students specializing in digital marketing. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the data and provide exciting insights into the complex ties between variables.

The results indicate that well-implemented gamification elements significantly increased perceived enjoyment and positively influenced academic performance. Furthermore, perceived teacher support enhanced the effectiveness of gamification by increasing student engagement and enjoyment. Conversely, boredom negatively affects perceived enjoyment and academic performance, underscoring the need for well-designed gamification strategies that sustain interest and motivation.

Structural equation modeling and other quantitative tools excel at discovering connections but may not reveal the origins of the patterns they uncover. Given the complexity of causation, quantitative studies examining the mediating role of subjective satisfaction may gain more insight using a mixed or qualitative approach. Although the data supplied by the 350 responders were interesting, the sample size was insufficient to make any definitive conclusions. These findings may not be generalizable because Lebanon’s student bodies are diverse. The ability to detect tiny changes in the target variables requires researchers to consider how much time and energy they can dedicate to gathering data while structuring their investigations.

This study contributes to understanding gamification as a powerful tool for innovation in education and reshaping learning into motivating, engaging and sustaining productive experiences to improve educational quality. Therefore, our recommendations shed light on such improvements' impact on society. In this vein, we enrich this path by highlighting the crucial role of teachers and decision-makers in developing new professional programs.

This study demonstrates the importance of perceived enjoyment in the transformative gamification process in education. This study emphasizes the value of effective gamification implementation supported by teachers as a powerful tool for enhancing learning experiences and improving the quality of education.

The paper uses foundation models to integrate the green approach in Logistics 5.0. Such integration is innovative in logistics and leads to a more sustainable and prosperous future. By harnessing the power of foundation models and incorporating sustainable principles, this paper can systematize the logistics industry’s environmental framework, increase its social responsibility and ensure its long-term economic viability.

Generalizing environmental sustainability goals requires a multi-layered innovation approach incorporating corporate philosophy, products, processes and business models. In this paper, this comprehensive approach is not just a strategy but a necessity in the current global context. This paper uses the sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) method, crucial for achieving explicit environmental, social and economic impacts.

Artificial intelligence, especially foundation models, can contribute to green logistics by optimizing routes, reducing packaging waste, improving warehouse layouts and other functions presented in the paper. At the same time, they can also consider social, economic and governance goals.

Artificial intelligence algorithms present challenges such as high initial investment, regulatory compliance and technological integration.

The paper contains implications for developing environmentally sustainable logistics, which is currently one of the most significant challenges. The framework presented can apply to logistics companies.

This paper fulfills an identified need to study sustainability in logistics. The framework is entirely original and not present in the literature. It is essential to help design and implement innovative logistics approaches.