Khalid Rabaeh, Ahmed A. Basfar and Issra’ M.E. Hammoudeh
This study aims to develop a film dosimeter composed of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MMT) dye and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) binder to reduce the…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop a film dosimeter composed of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MMT) dye and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) binder to reduce the effect if relative humidity effect during irradiation.
Design/methodology/approach
The films were exposed to gamma ray radiation from a 60Co gamma ray source with 8.6 kGy/h dose-rate and 1.25 MeV beam energy to various doses ranging from 2.5 to 100 kGy. UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to measure the changes in optical properties of irradiated films by means of the changes in the absorbance values at wavelength of 560 nm.
Findings
The effect of irradiation temperature, relative humidity, fluorescent light and postirradiation stability on the performance of developed film dosimeter were investigated.
Practical implications
Previous MMT dye with PVA binder was significant effect of the relative humidity on the dose response of MMT-PVA films which decrease the practical feasibility of using these films in routine high-dose measurements. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reduce the relative humidity effect on the dose response by proposing a formula for film dosimeters that combines MMT dye with the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) binder.
Originality/value
The irradiation of MMT-PVB films leads to a change in color from yellow to brown, which could be evaluated by the absorbance intensity.
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Khalid Rabaeh and Molham Eyadeh
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the dosimetric properties of N-(3-methoxypropyl) acrylamide (NMPA) polymer gel dosimeter using UV-vis spectrophotometry as a simple and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the dosimetric properties of N-(3-methoxypropyl) acrylamide (NMPA) polymer gel dosimeter using UV-vis spectrophotometry as a simple and low-cost method.
Design/methodology/approach
The gel samples have been irradiated to various doses using a medical linear accelerator with 6 MV beam energy. The optical density of un-irradiated and irradiated NMPA polymer gel dosimeters in terms of absorbance at 500 nm was investigated by UV-vis spectrophotometry.
Findings
The absorbance values of the gel samples were increased linearly with increasing dose in the dose range between 2 and 20 Gy. A remarkable improvement in the dose response was noticed after the addition of various concentrations of glycerol. The impact of dose rate, beam energy and the post-stability of the exposed gels was studied and found consistent with the previous study using nuclear magnetic resonance results (energy independent and dose rate independent, stable up to one week).
Practical implications
The results of the independent experimental spectrophotometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicate that the NMPA polymer gel dosimeter has good and consistent dosimetric features for radiotherapy dosimetry.
Originality/value
The ionizing radiation-induced polymerization of gel samples leads to a change in the absorbance of the irradiated gel samples. This study introduces the first characterization of NMPA gel dosimeter by means of UV-vis spectrophotometer.
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Khalid Rabaeh and Ahmed Basfar
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new dithizone solution dosimeter for high radiation applications such as polymers applications and food irradiation.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new dithizone solution dosimeter for high radiation applications such as polymers applications and food irradiation.
Design/methodology/approach
Gamma-rays cell of Co-60 source with 8.4 kGy/h dose rate was used to irradiate the dithizone solutions at different irradiation temperatures. The optical measurements of unirradiated and irradiated dithizone dye solution dosimeters were performed using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer at absorption peaks of 421 and 515 nm.
Findings
The new dosimeter improved significantly with the increase of dithizone dye concentrations from 0.025 to 0.1 mM. The dosimeter shows a perfect pre- and post-irradiation stability after irradiation for five days. Because of irradiation temperature dependence, the dithizone solution dosimeter should be corrected under actual processing conditions.
Practical implications
Dosimetry is a key point in quality control of radiation processing to assure that uniform and correct radiation doses are delivered to a region of interest. Therefore, this study introduces a dithizone solution dosimeter for high-dose radiation applications such as food irradiation, polymers applications and agriculture.
Originality/value
Ionizing radiation interacted with the ethanol solvent, resulting in the formation of free radicals, then these free radicals interacted with the dithizone molecule and changed the dye color from yellow to orange.
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Awad AL Zahrany, Khalid Rabaeh, Molham Eyadeh and Ahmed Basfar
The purpose of this paper is to present a radiochromic film dosimeter containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and various concentrations of methyl red (MR) dye for high dose…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a radiochromic film dosimeter containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and various concentrations of methyl red (MR) dye for high dose measurements.
Design/methodology/approach
The MR-PVA films were exposed to irradiation up to 60 kGy using 60Co source of gamma ray. The ultraviolet and visible regions (UV/VIS) spectrophotometry were used to examine the optical density of pre-and post-irradiated dosimeters at 424 nm.
Findings
The dose sensitivity of MR-PVA films increases significantly with increasing MR dye concentrations in the dose range of 5 to 60 kGy. The impact of relative humidity, irradiation temperature, dose rate and the stability of the films has been analyzed. The overall uncertainty of the MR-PVA film dosimeter is 6.12% (Double Standard-deviation, 95% confidence level).
Practical implications
It was found that the MR-PVA films may be used as high dose dosimeter with an acceptable overall uncertainty in routine industrial radiation processing.
Originality/value
The color bleaching of irradiated MR-PVA films in terms of specific absorbance curves increases significantly with increasing absorbed dose up to 60 kGy.
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The study aims to investigate the gap between the current vision and knowledge of future early career operations leaders (OL) and common strategic total quality management (TQM…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to investigate the gap between the current vision and knowledge of future early career operations leaders (OL) and common strategic total quality management (TQM) frameworks such as Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Awards and competing value framework.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey questionnaire was developed for different groups of participants as current higher education students to identify the gap and analyse the significance of these groups on the factors in TQM framework. The Kruskal–Wallis test as the non-parametric quantitative analysis technique was adopted for this study.
Findings
A new set of TQM factors with necessity of more knowledge and understanding of future generation was identified, followed by highlighting clear differences amongst different groups of this generation in terms of their demographic measures, perceived leadership style and organisational culture.
Research limitations/implications
This research study contributed significantly to the existing study about common QM models and their integration with theories relevant to organisational culture and leadership. The data collection can be extended further in the higher education sector or beyond that.
Practical implications
A sustainable operations leadership practice needs managers and leaders with a sustainable knowledge development of quality management; and as a result of this study, the current vision of future young OL would not echo this.
Originality/value
This study has a systematic, non-parametric approach towards currently fragmented QM analysis, and is integrated with human resource and visionary elements of future young OL and universal QM models and theories.
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Alireza Shokri and Farhad Nabhani
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the gap between the current vision and knowledge of future early career operations managers (OM) and a common strategic total quality…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the gap between the current vision and knowledge of future early career operations managers (OM) and a common strategic total quality management (TQM) framework.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey questionnaire and a non-parametric test for different groups of participants were adopted to identify the gap and analyse the significance of these groups on the factors in the TQM framework.
Findings
A new set of TQM factors with the necessity of more knowledge and understanding of future generation were identified, followed by the identification of clear differences amongst different groups of this generation.
Practical implications
A sustainable OM practice needs managers and leaders with a sustainable knowledge development of quality management (QM); and as the result of this study, the current vision of future young OM would not echo this.
Originality/value
This study has a systematic, non-parametric approach towards currently fragmented QM analysis, and is integrated with human resource and visionary elements of future young OM and universal QM models and theories.