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In this study, the printability properties of different printing substrates coated with biodegradable formulation using different crosslinkers in the flexo printing system were examined and the data obtained regarding this was shared.

In this study, a coating formulation that can both provide barrier properties and be printable at the same time has been developed. The most basic feature that distinguishes this improved formulation from other products used in the packaging industry is that it is biodegradable. However, crosslinkers used in such formulations may affect the chemical structural properties of the formulations. In the study conducted to determine these effects and their effects on printing properties, two different coating formulations were prepared using glyoxal and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide. The prepared formulation was coated on three different substrates and its printability properties were determined.

It has been determined that the use of N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide is better than glyoxal in improving both porosity and surface smoothness. Since coating both surfaces reduces the porosity value, the barrier property obtained will be better than single-sided coating. The two-sides coating did not significantly affect the surface roughness. However, higher optical density obtained kraft, kraft has a lower print contrast compared to other paper samples. The use of N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide resulted in an increase in the print contrast value compared to the use of glyoxal. Using glyoxal, the two-sides coating increased the print contrast. Kraft has a lower print chroma. The crosslinking agent change has not affected print chroma. Also, the two-sides coating did not significantly change the print chroma. Office paper and SBS have a higher print lightness compared to other paper samples. After print, gloss values of test sample decreased. The two-sides coating did not significantly change the printability properties.

It is a resource for packaging manufacturers and institutions providing training on this subject.

Loss of control and air crashes are frequently caused by aircraft faults. Therefore, a practical control strategy can prevent aircrafts from losing control without control laws reconstruction. The purpose of this paper is to propose a sideslip trim fault-tolerant control strategy for wing damage and aileron stuck.

The six degree of freedom model of the damaged aircraft is constructed by using the non-center-of-mass approach on the basis of aerodynamic database, which is calculated in XFlow. This paper adopts the sideslip command for trim, combining with the adaptive nonlinear dynamic inversion control to achieve fault-tolerant control.

This strategy can effectively improve the control margin of the remaining control surface and guarantee maneuverability of the aircraft after serious faults.

The original and wing-damaged aircraft models are reconstructed in CATIA, and the aerodynamic data is calculated in XFlow. Sideslip angle is adopted to compensate additional roll moment caused by wing damage or aileron stuck. Adaptive nonlinear dynamic inversion control, combined with sideslip trim, is applied to achieve fault-tolerant control.

Gas evolution within lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) gives rise to safety concerns that question their applicability. The gas evolution is not only the result but also the inducement of performance deterioration of LIBs. In this paper, the growth characteristics and dynamic behavior of gas bubble on the electrode surface are studied, and the interference mechanism of gas evolution on Li-ion diffusion or Li-ion conduction within LIBs is discussed and validated by the numerical simulations.

First, the mathematical models and simulation method are established. The growth and flow of gas bubble in the serpentine channel on electrode surface, which results from the gas-liquid flow and the effects of surface tension, is modeled by using the multi-phase Navier-Stokes and the volume of fluid method. Integrating Butler–Volmer and Fick’s law, the mathematical model of ions transport in the electrochemical cell is set-up. Second, the motion of gas bubble is tracked, and the variations of bubble shape and characteristic parameters with time are obtained by the computed fluid dynamics (CFD) method.

Based on the CFD results, the battery models and electrochemical simulations are carried out to analyze the ionic transport characteristics. The results show that the microstructural morphology such as the serpentine channel shape and size on electrode surface are important aspects for the gas bubble growth and the local ionic transport. Li ions significantly accumulate at one side of the gas obstacle, hindering the ionic diffusion normally. When the gas bubble blocks the electrolyte, the passage of ions from the positive to the negative is interrupted, and the open circuit zone of the electrochemical cell is formed.

The gas evolution within LIBs is not only a result but also an inducement of its performance deterioration. The primary issues in this study are the growth characteristics and dynamic behavior of gas bubble on the electrode surface, providing the knowledge for the interference mechanism of gas evolution on ionic transport and ultimately leads to significant increase of battery resistance.

Identifying and predicting the most helpful reviews has been a focal interest in the fields including information management, e-commerce and marketing, etc. Though many factors are found correlated to the helpfulness of reviews, they may suffer endogeneity problems, as normally the data is observed in the same time window. This paper aims to tackle such a problem by examining the predictive power of different factors on the future increment of review helpfulness.

Adopting a longitudinal data of 443 K empirical business reviews from Yelp.com collected at two different time points, six groups of predictors are extracted from the first snapshot of data to predict the helpfulness increment of old and recent reviews, respectively, between the two snapshots.

It is found that these factors in general are with moderate accuracy predicting the helpfulness increment. A different group of features shows quite different predictive power. The reviewer disclosure information is the most significant factor, while the review readability does not significantly improve the accuracy of prediction.

Instead of the total number of helpful votes observed in the same time window with the explanatory variables, this paper focuses on the future increment of helpful votes observed in the following time window. With such a two-wave data set, the endogeneity problem can be avoided and the explanatory factors for review helpfulness can, thus, be further tested in the prediction scenario.

This paper aims at understanding tribological properties of lubricating oils doped with zinc dithiophosphate(ZDDP) with and without electromagnetic field impact.

The friction and wear properties of the oils formulated with zinc butyloctyl dithiophosphate (T202) or zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate (T203) under electromagnetic field or nonelectromagnetic field were evaluated on a modified four-ball tribotester. The characteristics of the worn surfaces obtained from electromagnetic or nonelectromagnetic field conditions were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This paper focuses on understanding influence of electromagnetic field on lubrication effect of the ZDDP-formulated oils.

The electromagnetic field could effectively facilitate anti-wear and friction-reducing properties of the oils doped with T202 or T203 as compared to those without electromagnetism affection, and the T203-doped oils were more susceptible to the electromagnetic field. The improvement of anti-wear and friction-reducing abilities of the tested oils were mainly attributed to the promoted tribochemical reactions and the modification of the worn surfaces (forming Zn-Fe solid solution) induced by the electromagnetic field.

This paper has revealed that tribological performances of ZDDP-doped oils could be improved by the electromagnetic field and discussed its lubrication mechanisms. Investigating tribological properties of additives from the viewpoint of electromagnetics is a new attempt, which has significance not only for the choose and designing of additives in electromagnetic condition but also for development of tribological theories and practices.

The purpose of this study is to improve the stability and dyeing properties of natural curcumin by adsorption packaging technology, and promote the clean dyeing technology of wool fabrics.

The response surface method was used to optimize the dyeing process of wool fabrics. The color fastnesses and the K/S value of the dyed wool fabrics were tested and analyzed, as well as the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of wool fibers.

The mordant dyeing method was optimized using the response surface method under pH 3.5 and a 1:50 dye bath ratio. The results showed that the mordant dyeing method was one-bath, two-step post-mordant and the optimized dyeing process was as follows: dyeing time 70 min, dyeing temperature 70°C and the dosage of mordant was 2% and yielding a K/S value of 35.22. The dyed wool had excellent rub and wash fastness (grade 4+), but inadequate light fastness, to be improved later. The results of SEM demonstrated that the optimized dyeing processes had no adverse effects on wool fibers.

No comprehensive and systematic study reports have been conducted on the dyeing process of wool fabric using natural curcumin pigment, which is adsorbed and packaged by ZIF-8, and researchers have not used statistical analysis to optimize the dyeing process using response surface methodology.

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) on the corrosion of cupronickel.

Tests monitoring the change in free corrosion potential, linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and examination using the scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis were used to investigate the corrosion behavior of cupronickel in blank medium and in media inoculated with SRB to explore the influence of the SRB on the corrosion behavior of cupronickel alloy.

The results show that SRB can destroy the surface oxide film of cupronickel and significantly reduce the free corrosion potential and polarization resistance of the cupronickel, causing the cupronickel to corrode significantly.

SRB are widely found in the water supply system and is one of the important factors inducing microbial corrosion. This paper verified that SRB promote cupronickel corrosion and explored the influence and mechanism of attack.

Stab-resistant body armor (SRBA) can protect the human body from injury as a result of stabbing by sharp projectiles. However, in its current design SRBA, it has not been widely adopted for use, because of its weight and poor flexibility. Herein, this paper aims to detail a new type of SRBA that is inspired by the armor plating of mammals and is fabricated using laser sintering (LS) technology.

This new type of SRBA was fabricated using LS technology. The laser sintered SRBA was subjected to a stab resistance performance test that conformed to the GA 68-2008 Chinese National Standard. The stab resistance response of the novel structured, stab resistance test plates in this study was analyzed using the using the AUTODYN explicit module in ANSYS-Workbench.

The structure of the novel stab resistance plate was designed and the optimum structural parameters were tested, discussed and achieved. The mechanism of dissipation of the impact energy by the pyramidal structures of the novel SRBA was studied, and it was found that this structure dispersed the kinetic energy of the knife and minimized the structural damage to the plate. Interlinks inspired by the pangolin hierarchy structure were designed and used to fabricate a large piece of laser sintered body armor.

High-performance laser sintered stab resistance plate was produced via the material and structure studies, which could reduce 40 per cent weight on the stab resistance body armor and increase the wearability.

This study examines education for sustainability (EfS) within the Chinese context, to specifically enrich the understanding on how EfS is structured and implemented to nurture citizenship in the policy practices of universities in Mainland China and Hong Kong.

A cross-case analysis is recruited to examine the commonalities and differences between two universities and identify patterns in cultivating sustainability citizenship within higher education institutions (HEIs) in China. Data were collected through reviewing documents, including two universities’ strategic plans, action plans, department meeting memos, program introductions, course outlines and publicity coverage. Observation was also adopted to enrich the data for analysis, covering meetings, speeches by senior management, university events and informal conversations about university operations.

Citizenship and sustainability in university strategic planning, curriculum and instruction, carriers of EfS institutionalization, and resources and impacts of EfS beyond the institutes were analyzed in a comparative manner, offering valuable insights into how EfS can be institutionalized in different universities based on their unique appeals, existing curriculum and management systems.

By exploring these intra-national distinctions in EfS, the study sheds light on the variation within China's citizenship education, which is traditionally seen as highly unified with limited room for differences. The detailed exploration of university strategies and program/course content enriches the literature of sustainability as an educational phenomenon on an international scale and modernized citizenship education in China.

This study aims to investigate the behavior of vegetable oil with two additives. Base oil’s tribological qualities can be improved with the help of several additions. In the present investigation, soybean oil is served as the foundational oil due to its eco-friendliness and status as a vegetable oil with two additives, named polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂).

As additives, PTFE and MoS₂ are used; PTFE is renowned for its anti-friction (AF) properties, while MoS₂ is a solid lubricant with anti-wear (AW) properties. This investigation examines the synergistic impact of AF and AW additions in vegetable oil. The lubricity of the base oil is measured by using a four-ball tester, and the wear properties of the oil at different additive amounts are determined by using a universal tribometer.

PTFE (at 5 Wt.%) and MoS₂ (at 1 Wt.%) were found to improve the tribological performance of the base oil. The weld load is significantly increased when 5 Wt.% of PTFE + MoS₂ is added to the base oil.

A better tribological characteristic can be achieved by combining additives that amount to less than 1% of the base oil. In experiments with highly concentrated MoS₂, the adequate pressure improved dramatically, but the lubricant’s tribological characteristics did not.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-11-2022-0321/