Kathleen A. Farrell, Gordon V. Karels, Kenneth W. Montfort and Christine A. McClatchey
An interesting issue little explored in the celebrity endorsement literature is whether or not the activities of a celebrity endorser affect company performance. We examine the…
Abstract
An interesting issue little explored in the celebrity endorsement literature is whether or not the activities of a celebrity endorser affect company performance. We examine the impact of Tiger Woods’s tournament performance on the endorsing firm’s value subsequent to the contract signing. We do not find a relationship between Tiger’ss tournament placement and the excess returns of Fortune Brands (parent of Titleist). This is likely due to Titleist being a very small contributor to the total market value of Fortune Brands. We also fail to find a significant relationship for American Express suggesting the market does not view a golfer endorsing financial services as credible. We do, however, find a positive and significant impact of Tiger’s performance on Nike’s excess returns suggesting that the market values the additional publicity that Nike receives when Tiger is in contention to win.
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Kathleen A. Farrell, Philip L. Hersch and Jeffry M. Netter
This paper estimates the determinants of the contributions made by top executives to their firm's Political Action Committee (PAC). We find that executive's personal PAC…
Abstract
This paper estimates the determinants of the contributions made by top executives to their firm's Political Action Committee (PAC). We find that executive's personal PAC contributions (proxy for the interest of the firm) are positively related to his shareholdings, income and option holdings (proxies for the interests of the executive). Contributions are also higher for CEOs and board members. This is direct evidence that the structure of the contracts between the firm and management, especially compensation, aligns manager's personal behavior with the interests of the firm.
Kathleen A. Farrell, Gordon V. Karels, Kenneth W. Montfort and Christine A. McClatchey
Existing and potential investors are vitally interested in the improvement of their wealth prospects. Receipt of cash, whether in the form of cash dividends or capital gains…
Abstract
Existing and potential investors are vitally interested in the improvement of their wealth prospects. Receipt of cash, whether in the form of cash dividends or capital gains, represents fulfilment of this expectation. Such fulfilment is only possible when an enterprise registers growth in its resource base. Reported income is considered a good indicator of success achieved by an enterprise because it represents increase in available resources. An important link between reported income and stock prices is the link between future earnings and current earnings. This study utilizes data from FAS No. 33 to develop real ploughback measure indicating a firms ability to continue its operations successfully and to enhance its future earnings potential. The results of the study show that the market uses sophisticated models in evaluating the signal contained in ploughback earnings.
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Kathleen M. Allen, Jennifer C. Gibbs, Emily R. Strohacker and Siyu Liu
Police knowledge of and familiarity with human trafficking determine whether a victim is referred to services or arrested as an offender, along with other implications. Both field…
Abstract
Purpose
Police knowledge of and familiarity with human trafficking determine whether a victim is referred to services or arrested as an offender, along with other implications. Both field experience and training may affect how police officers recognize and respond to human trafficking scenarios. However, recent research suggests the relationship between officer experience and their ability to identify human trafficking is more nuanced. The purpose of this study is to explore whether experience, training or both are preferable to correctly identifying cases of human trafficking.
Design/methodology/approach
To do so, 495 police officers from a large Pennsylvania agency were surveyed about their perceptions of human trafficking. Officer demographics and levels of experience and training were compared to their responses to six human trafficking scenario questions.
Findings
Bivariate and logistic regression analyses conclude that training, but not experience working human trafficking cases, is associated with an increase in the likelihood of officers correctly identifying scenarios of human trafficking. These findings are discussed in light of the literature.
Originality/value
This study extends previous research by comparing the influence of training and experience investigating cases of human trafficking.
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Emily Gray and Kathleen Geraldine Farrell
The relationship between the shortage of chefs for the hospitality industry in Ireland and the lack of uptake for chef apprenticeship is an underexplored topic. This study…
Abstract
Purpose
The relationship between the shortage of chefs for the hospitality industry in Ireland and the lack of uptake for chef apprenticeship is an underexplored topic. This study investigates attitudes to chef training and chef apprenticeship among industry representatives and second-level students.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a mixed method approach, the qualitative research comprised of in-depth interviews conducted with key experts in the industry and from the educational sector. The quantitative research approach comprised of questionnaires conducted with second-level students.
Findings
The research results found that there is a stigma attached to chef apprenticeships, and this is part of the reason that the apprenticeship has low uptake. However, it was also found that working conditions in the industry were a real concern.
Research limitations/implications
This is an exploratory study with a small sample of interviewees and survey respondents. However, it is a first step towards understanding some of the key issues relating to low uptake for chef apprenticeship.
Practical implications
Access for second-level students to information regarding the benefits of a chef apprenticeship is lacking. It is necessary to convince students that an apprenticeship is as beneficial as a degree. Training for career guidance councillors is needed.
Originality/value
There is a dearth of research on the low uptake to chef apprenticeship. Research is recommended into how to re-brand chef apprenticeship.
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Alfred Austin Farrell, James Ashton, Witness Mapanga, Maureen Joffe, Nombulelo Chitha, Mags Beksinska, Wezile Chitha, Ashraf Coovadia, Clare L. Cutland, Robin L. Drennan, Kathleen Kahn, Lizette L. Koekemoer, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Jacqui Miot, Julian Naidoo, Maria Papathanasopoulos, Warrick Sive, Jenni Smit, Stephen M. Tollman, Martin G. Veller, Lisa J. Ware, Jeffrey Wing and Shane A. Norris
This study aims to ascertain the personal characteristics of a group of successful academic entrepreneurs in a South African university enterprise and the prevalent barriers and…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to ascertain the personal characteristics of a group of successful academic entrepreneurs in a South African university enterprise and the prevalent barriers and enablers to their entrepreneurial endeavour.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a Delphi process to identify and rank the characteristics, enablers, barriers and behaviours of entrepreneurial academics, with a Nominal Group Technique applied to establish challenges they encounter managing their enterprise and to propose solutions.
Findings
Perseverance, resilience and innovation are critical personal characteristics, while collaborative networks, efficient research infrastructure and established research competence are essential for success. The university’s support for entrepreneurship is a significant enabler, with unnecessary bureaucracy and poor access to project and general enterprise funding an impediment. Successful academic entrepreneurs have strong leadership, and effective management and communication skills.
Research limitations/implications
The main limitation is the small study participant group drawn from a single university enterprise, which complicates generalisability. The study supported the use of Krueger’s (2009) entrepreneurial intentions model for low- and middle-income country (LMIC) academic entrepreneur investigation but proposed the inclusion of mitigators to entrepreneurial activation to recognise contextual deficiencies and challenges.
Practical implications
Skills-deficient LMIC universities should extensively and directly support their entrepreneurial academics to overcome their contextual deficiencies and challenging environment.
Originality/value
This study contributes to addressing the paucity of academic entrepreneur research in LMIC contexts by identifying LMIC-specific factors that inhibit the entrepreneur’s movement from entrepreneurial intention to entrepreneurial action.
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Abstract
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Kathleen Overton, Seong-Jong Joo and Philipp A. Stoeberl
There are elevated debates on the role of teacher unions on the effectiveness of education in the USA. The purpose of this paper is to examine if the unionization of education has…
Abstract
Purpose
There are elevated debates on the role of teacher unions on the effectiveness of education in the USA. The purpose of this paper is to examine if the unionization of education has an impact on the comparative performance of public education in the USA.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors classify states into two groups such as highly unionized states and less unionized states for comparing their performance differences. The analyses consist of two stages. First, the authors apply data envelopment analysis (DEA) to the key performance indicators of the groups. Next, the authors use statistical analysis for confirming the statistical significance of the performance differences that may exist between two groups.
Findings
The authors have confirmed the adverse impact of unionization on public education using DEA models and non-parametric rank-sum tests. However, the authors are cautious for generalizing the finding due to the limitations described in the research limitation section.
Research limitations/implications
The finding is limited within the selection of the variables and model specification and requires additional studies using different variables and models. The authors hope that the study motivates researchers to conduct further studies in this area.
Originality/value
Major contributions of the study include a novel approach for measuring the performance of primary and secondary schools at the state level by classifying and choosing less or highly unionized states and suggesting insights for improvements.