Shubham Garg, Karam Pal Narwal and Sanjeev Kumar
In the recent few decades, there has been a rampant increase in the demand of sustainable food products around the world because of high cognizance of consumers toward environment…
Abstract
Purpose
In the recent few decades, there has been a rampant increase in the demand of sustainable food products around the world because of high cognizance of consumers toward environment and health. Asian countries, especially India and China, are also expecting a tremendous boost in the domestic demand for organic food products in the upcoming few years. Therefore, it becomes pertinent to explore the factors affecting the purchase intention behavior of organic food items, especially in emerging economies, i.e. India. Hence, the paper aims to explore the factors driving the purchase decision of organic consumers by collecting data set from 603 organic food item consumers in India.
Design/methodology/approach
The study has applied advanced statistical tools, i.e. structural equation modeling, Harman’s single factor test and other statistical measures, to analyze the collected research data.
Findings
The results posit that consumers’ purchase intention has a favorable impact on health aspects; trustworthiness; social innovativeness; functional value; subjective norms and organic product knowledge. Moreover, the result explicates that health consciousness and trustworthiness are vital predictors of organic food purchase intention.
Practical implications
The findings may assist the producers, processors, marketers, policymakers and regulators in devising appropriate policies and strategies for comprehending the complex phenomenon of organic consumers’ purchase behavior.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the drivers of purchase intention of organic food items by collecting data from well-defined consumers of organic food items in India.
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Shubham Garg, Priyanka, Karam Pal Narwal and Sanjeev Kumar
The purpose of the current study is to examine the implications of the implementation of Goods and Service Tax (GST) on the revenue efficiency of the sub-national governments in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the current study is to examine the implications of the implementation of Goods and Service Tax (GST) on the revenue efficiency of the sub-national governments in India. Furthermore, the study aims to compare the revenue efficiency of the Indian states for the pre-GST and post-GST periods in India.
Design/methodology/approach
The study has used the annual revenue of value-added tax (VAT)/GST of the Indian states for the period ranging from 2012–2013 to 2020–2021 for the pre- and post-GST periods. The empirical results are based on the panel regression model for examining the implications of GST adoption on the Indian states.
Findings
The analysis shows that the implementation of GST in India has negatively impacted the revenue efficiency of the Indian states. Moreover, the results affirm that the contribution of the service sector to the state's Net State Domestic Product (NSDP), credit-deposit ratio (CDR) and outstanding net bank credit (ONBC) ratio of schedule commercial banks (SCBs) positively and states' dependency on central transfers (DCT) negatively impact the tax revenue efforts of the state governments. Furthermore, the GST adoption has a greater impact on the revenue efficiency of the minor states in comparison to major states which may widen the inter-state disparity gap as GST revenue constitutes a major share in the Own Tax Revenue (OTR) of the Indian states in aggregate.
Practical implications
The current study will act as a guide for government, policymakers and for the sitting of the fifteenth finance commission in India for future policy formulation on GST and compensation to the Indian states. Similarly, this study can be used as a base for conducting future studies on the implications of GST at the national, sub-national, and international levels.
Originality/value
Previous studies on the implications of GST are theoretical and conceptual. There is hardly any study at the national or sub-national level that has focused on the implications of GST on the revenue efficiency of the Indian states.
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Karam Pal Narwal and Shweta Pathneja
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of bank-related variables and corporate governance-related variables on the productivity and profitability of public and private…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of bank-related variables and corporate governance-related variables on the productivity and profitability of public and private sector banks in India.
Design/methodology/approach
The Malmquist productivity index is applied to determine the productivity of different banks. Further, return on average assets is used as profitability of banks. The regression analysis is further used to assess the effect of different bank-related and governance-related variables on performance of banks.
Findings
Nearly all the bank-specific variables explain the productivity and profitability of banks but a weak relationship is observed between individual governance variables and performance variables. Two governance variables, i.e. board meetings and remuneration explicate the profitability of the public sector banks and only duality explains the profitability of the private sector banks. No significance is found between productivity and governance variables.
Originality/value
The study addresses the embryonic issue of corporate governance in the banking sector. The uniqueness of the paper lies in that no study has evaluated the effect of these variables on productivity and profitability of banks simultaneously.
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Shubham Garg, Karam Pal Narwal and Sanjeev Kumar
The ongoing transition in the attitude of consumers toward health and environment has a direct implication on the organic food industries, making it necessary to examine the…
Abstract
Purpose
The ongoing transition in the attitude of consumers toward health and environment has a direct implication on the organic food industries, making it necessary to examine the drivers of the purchase intention of organic food items, specifically in developing economies like India. Therefore, this study tries to frame and validate the instrumental scale by collecting data from 574 organic food item consumers to examine the determinants of purchase intention among consumers in India.
Design/methodology/approach
This study has employed advanced statistical tools i.e. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Harmon’s single factor test and other statistical measures using SPSS and AMOS 23, for framing and validating the instrumental scale for this study.
Findings
The results of EFA explain 67.714% variance of total research variable variance with six major constructs. Moreover, the result of the CFA confirms the six factors and the proposed instrumental scale. The finding explicates that health consciousness, ecological trustworthiness and functional value are the major drivers of the purchase intention of organic food items.
Practical implications
This study has major policy implications for organic producers, processor and marketers for understanding the complex phenomenon of organic consumer behavior. The result explains that marketers and producers should adopt ad hoc marketing strategies that aim to promote the organic food items as healthy and safe.
Originality/value
There is hardly any study that has proposed and validated an instrumental scale with these factors collectively in India for studying the purchase intention of organic food consumers in India.