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The purpose of this study is to simulate the temperature distribution during an electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF³) process based on a fully threaded tree (FTT) technique in various scales and to analyze the temperature variation with time in different regions of the part.

This study presented a revised model for the temperature simulation in the EBF³ process. The FTT technique was then adopted as an adaptive grid strategy in the simulation. Based on the simulation results, an analysis regarding the temperature distribution of a circular deposit and substrate was performed.

The FTT technique was successfully adopted in the simulation of the temperature field during the EBF³ process. The temperature bands and oscillating temperature curves appeared in the deposit and substrate.

The FTT technique was introduced into the numerical simulation of an additive manufacturing process. The efficiency of the process was improved, and the FTT technique was convenient for the 3D simulations and multi-pass deposits.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of high-performance (HP) human resource (HR) practices on employee job engagement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and the moderating effects of transformational leadership.

A sample of 268 employees from the US and a sample of 288 employees from South Korea (SK) were used for examining the hypotheses.

The results illustrated that high-performance HR practices (HPHRP) significantly predicted employee job engagement and OCB in SK. Transformational leadership was found to moderate the associations of HPHRP with employee job engagement and OCB in SK, while in the US, transformational leadership only moderated the relationship between HPHRP and OCB.

Transformational leaders reinforce the quality of the employee–organization relationship and strengthen the impact of HPHRP on employees' positive work-related behaviors.

This study contributes to the understanding of employees' organizational behavior as exploring the relationships of HPHRP, transformational leadership, job engagement and OCB.

The research objective is to establish a smart system for building operation and maintenance using self-organizing map-based cluster merging (SOMCM) algorithm.

The process begins with a thorough literature review to establish the interface framework, followed by its design. An empirical study in Taoyuan City’s industrial park, involving 46 buildings and 3,526 maintenance records, informed development. By integrating the “Shared Facility Management System Equipment Repair Module” and the “Maintenance Management System for Existing Facilities,” 21 enhanced interface components were created. All work orders are stored in a database for aggregation, statistical analysis and clustering using the algorithm SOMCM, aiding repair decision-making.

The outcomes stemming from the proposed methodology culminate in the identification of seven patterns that can significantly enhance the efficiency of maintenance operations: (1) simplify current self-repair to outsourcing; (2) modify the current traditional contract type to open contract type; (3) adopt massive procurement for major facilities (e.g. air conditioning); (4) schedule power supply systems in a systematic and efficient way; (5) establish maintenance patterns as suggested to eliminate warehouse for spares; (6) reallocate maintenance resources in a seasonal cycle; (7) set up a standby team to resolve emergency repairs. The findings can reduce a significant amount of time and cost for the investigated industrial park.

Maintenance work has faced delays, aging equipment has caused component damage, and park structures no longer meet operational needs. Addressing these challenges, the study introduces a novel SOMCM approach for smart building operation and maintenance. This approach emphasizes creating a user-friendly, practical system pivotal to platform success. By integrating demand-driven strategies, it enhances traditional maintenance processes and offers innovative solutions to operational and management issues, ensuring alignment with modern requirements and improved efficiency.

This paper discusses the concept, definition and usage of Key Activity Indicators (KAIs) and their integration within a Performance Measurement and Management system (PMM).

The actual definition and application areas of the KAIs are determined through a systematic literature review. Successively, a thorough definition of Key Activity Indicators is provided, along with a set of criteria for their deployment. Lastly, a case involving a Large Scale Retail Trade (LSRT) company is reported to report an example for guiding KAIs adoption.

This research shows that the scientific background concerning KAIs is still not mature. Moreover, the paper defines the role of KAIs for measuring operational activities and their possible connection with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).

Although KAIs have been introduced and discussed in the scientific literature; there is no evidence of criteria to deploy these indicators, leaving organizations without any guidance for their operational implementation.

From an academic standpoint, the study provides an overview of the usage of KAIs within the present scientific contributions, showing the advancements of this research field. From an industrial standpoint, the research proposes a set of criteria for the organizational deployment of KAIs.

The study investigates the concept of KAIs that, besides being originally conceived within World Class Manufacturing (WCM), has not received much attention in the scientific literature.

This research looks at the difficulties managers have in adapting to the modern financial environment in the context of globalization. It looks at several topics related to international financial strategy, such as managing multinational teams, managing market entrance strategies, managing currency risk, adapting managerial style to a global workplace, adhering to international rules and assessing geopolitical risk. The study focuses special attention on the complexity involved in the decision-making process in terms of market entry tactics and currency risk management, drawing on an extensive literature review and real-world examples. It emphasizes the significance of effective communication and leadership styles when managing global teams, as well as the necessity of intercultural competency for managers to function in various cultural contexts. The study also looks at the significance of regulatory compliance for global corporate operations and how geopolitical risk affects investment choices. This report uses critical analysis to pinpoint the opportunities and problems brought about by globalization while offering managers practical advice on how to adapt to the shifting financial landscape.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between job insecurity and unsafe behaviour in human–machine collaboration, as well as investigating the mediating roles of emotional exhaustion and moderating roles of psychological detachment.

The authors followed the stressor-detachment model to build our research model. The authors selected manufacturing and service industry employees as samples, and designed three independent studies using the time-lagged method for SPSS and AMOS to test the hypotheses.

The results indicated that emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between the two types of job insecurity and unsafe behaviours among service industry employees, while psychological detachment moderated the effect of qualitative job insecurity on emotional exhaustion. In manufacturing, psychological detachment moderated the effect of quantitative job insecurity on emotional exhaustion, while emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between quantitative job insecurity and unsafe behaviours.

The authors enhance understandings of how individual employee characteristics and the work environment jointly influence employees' levels of emotional exhaustion and likelihood of engaging in unsafe behaviours under the stressor-detachment model.

The authors suggest an important role of psychological detachment in human–machine collaboration. The authors also that organisations and managers could encourage employees not to check work-related emails on weekends to achieve full detachment.

This study contributes to both the stressor-detachment model and job insecurity literature. In addition, it investigates the role of detachment and emotional exhaustion by employees in human–machine collaboration.

The purpose of this research is to investigate how generalisable the public service motivation (PSM) observed in Western society is to China and to examine the effects of public service motivation on job satisfaction.

Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis techniques are applied to survey data of 191 public servants in China to investigate the generalisability of Western PSM. Using hierarchical regression analysis, the paper examines the effects of the dimensions of PSM on job satisfaction.

The results show that the public service motivation observed in the West exists in China, but the generalisability of the construct is limited. Three of the four dimensions of public service motivation (attraction to public policy making, commitment to the public interest, and self‐sacrifice) exist in China, but the fourth dimension (compassion) is unconfirmed.

The paper is the first to examine the generalisability and instrumentality of PSM as observed in Western society to China. The results indicate that the public service motivation observed in the West also exists in China, but that the generalisability is limited. Public service motivation emerges from the results as a positively significant predictor of job satisfaction in the public sector of China. It enhances the applicability and meaningfulness of the concept of public service motivation across political and cultural environments.

In the process of one stop border posts (OSBP), market access is dynamic. In this context, administrative practices and cross-cultural competence among traders are crucial for market access. However, there is limited research on how cross cultural competences can strengthen the influence of administrative practices on market access among small traders. This study therefore aims at exploring this relationship.

This study used structured questionnaire to collect data from 328 traders of maize, onion and tomatoes at Namanga OSBP. Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM.

The results of this study imply that administrative practices and cross-cultural competences significantly and positively influence market access. Finally, cross-cultural competence is a significant positive moderator of the relationship between administrative practices and market access.

The results suggest that cross-cultural competence is a significant moderator of the relationship between administrative practices and market access. This adds new knowledge in the literature on how cross-cultural competences of the traders can strengthen the influences of administrative practices at the OSBPs for high market access.

A little-known “lottery fever” has spread to many parts of rural China over the past 10 years. This is driven by participation in underground lotteries with local bookies. It is called liuhecai, which is the name of the Hong Kong lottery, and is based on guessing the bonus number of the Hong Kong Mark Six lottery. Such lotteries are illegal, but are an open secret. This chapter seeks to understand the meaning of this apparently irrational lottery fever: why people participate in it, why they believe the conspiracy theory that it is rigged (and yet still participate), and why similar lotteries have emerged in both capitalist Taiwan and post-socialist China at this particular time.