Peiwu Dong, Kai Qiao and Mei Yang
The purpose of this paper is to study the operational efficiency of aerospace industry in China and compare the difference in efficiency between the private aerospace enterprises…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the operational efficiency of aerospace industry in China and compare the difference in efficiency between the private aerospace enterprises and the state-owned aerospace enterprises. This paper enriches the study on evaluating the operational efficiency of aerospace industry and develops the theory on aerospace industry management.
Design/methodology/approach
The sample comprises all the aerospace enterprises listed in the A share market for which financial data are collected from the RESSET for subsequent analysis. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist productivity index (MPI) are used to derive findings.
Findings
The paper finds both the scale and the technical level of the industry increased during the period, and this was mainly due to the growth of the state-owned enterprises. However, with the increase of scale, the total factor productivity of the sample decreased. This was mainly because the performance of the leading enterprises regressed. Overall, the operational efficiency of the industry was still relatively low. By comparing the private enterprises and the state-owned enterprises, this paper finds, in terms of scale, the private enterprises were far lower than the state-owned enterprises. However, as for operational efficiency, the private was more efficient, which indicates an imbalance in the development of the industry.
Originality/value
This paper explores the operational efficiency across the Chinese aerospace industry, a focus currently lacking in research, presenting an overview of the industry and examining the difference in efficiency between the private aerospace enterprises and the state-owned aerospace enterprises to provide policymakers and managers with some practical suggestions to promote the development of the industry.
Details
Keywords
Kai Sun, Hung-Gay Fung, Yuping Zeng and Penghua Qiao
This paper aims to examine the effect of chief executive officers (CEOs’) global experience (GE) on the Chinese firms’ outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and provides new…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the effect of chief executive officers (CEOs’) global experience (GE) on the Chinese firms’ outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and provides new insights on how CEOs’ foreign study and education experiences may affect firms’ OFDI. Further, this paper examines whether CEO power and state ownership have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between CEOs’ GE and firms’ OFDI.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used panel data of Chinese manufacturing companies in 2007-2016 to examine different hypotheses. The authors tested them using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model to shed light on the effect of CEOs’ GE on the firms’ OFDI.
Findings
This study found that CEOs’ GE generally promotes Chinese firms’ OFDI. CEOs’ foreign study experience has a stronger effect than foreign education experience. Further, CEO power and state ownership have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between CEOs’ GE and firms’ OFDI.
Research limitations/implications
The findings have two important implications for managers and policy-makers. First, globally experienced CEOs are vital for firms to succeed in today’s highly competitive global environment. Second, CEO power is important in firms’ OFDI decision-making.
Originality/value
The authors use path dependency and upper echelons theories to show that GE, particularly foreign study experience, enables CEOs to take advantage of available resources in the market and institutional environment to create a path for the firm to expand globally.
Details
Keywords
Haoyue Zhang, Luqi Chang, Hongwei Zhang, Junyan Li, Zijiang Yang, Bingxuan Qiao, Zhenjiang Zhao, Chaofang Dong and Kai Zhang
The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of selective laser melting (SLM) 30CrMnSiA steel.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of selective laser melting (SLM) 30CrMnSiA steel.
Design/methodology/approach
The microstructure, mechanical behavior and corrosion resistance of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel were studied by electrochemical test and immersion experiment.
Findings
The results showed that the microstructure of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel contained equiaxed fine (25.0 µm) ferrite and lamellar pearlite. The tensile strength of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel under the process parameters is 1,447 MPa and the elongation is 7.5%. As the immersion/salt spray test time increased to 15 days/48 h, corrosion mainly occurred in the local position of the sample and corrosion resistance decreased. When the immersion/salt spray test time increased to 30 days/168 h, the corrosion production covered the surface of the samples and the corrosion resistance increased.
Originality/value
The paper can guide the application and in situ repair for low-alloy steel by additive manufacturing.
Details
Keywords
Xuhui Wang, Kewei Liu, Kai Wang, Jian Gong, Yanjun Wang and Yajiang Fan
Urban parks play a key role in recreational activities, public health, and ecosystem services in urban areas. Using GIS and Fragstats, this study investigated the spatiotemporal…
Abstract
Urban parks play a key role in recreational activities, public health, and ecosystem services in urban areas. Using GIS and Fragstats, this study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban parks in Xi'an, China from 1949 to 2015 and the corresponding driving forces. The results show that the number and area of parks in Xi'an increased constantly during this period, especially from 2000 to 2015. Up to 2015, small green spaces, usually adjacent to streets, occupied the largest proportion among all types of parks. Archaeological parks were the largest in total area, but wetland parks were leading in average size of a single park. The density of parks was negatively correlated with their distance to the Clock Tower at the center of Xi'an. The dynamics of urban parks in highly urbanized areas were significantly different from that of their counterparts in suburban areas. Driving forces such as urban planning, urbanization and green space policies, and milestone events in the city's development jointly had a great effect on the distribution of parks in Xi'an. The research outcomes will support the upcoming Green Space Planning of Xi'an and benefit the pursuit of sustainability and human wellbeing.
Details
Keywords
Qian Ding, Songze Li, Jikun Huang, Yeting Ma and Fangbin Qiao
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of different information source on consumer attitudes toward genetically modified food.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of different information source on consumer attitudes toward genetically modified food.
Design/methodology/approach
The data used in this study are obtained from a large-scale nationwide consumers' survey in urban China conducted by the China Center for Agricultural Policy, Peking University, in 2020. A descriptive analysis between information sources and consumer attitudes toward GM food was conducted. Based on the collected data, an econometric model on the determinants of consumer attitudes was constructed and used for analysis.
Findings
This study shows that the impact of new media is currently no different than that of traditional media, indicating that the media campaign successfully reduced the spread of rumors and misinformation regarding GM food. Moreover, this study also shows that consumers whose main information source regarding GM foods is school hold more positive feelings toward such food.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the impact of information source on consumer attitudes toward GM food. To reverse consumers' negative attitudes, China has launched a widespread media campaign since the first decade of the 2000s. Results of this study show that authorities' efforts to manage and surveil new media have yielded the desired outcome.
Details
Keywords
William Chongyang Zhou and Sunny Li Sun
Extant literature has indicated that government support is one of the main drivers of international expansion of Chinese multinational enterprises. However, research on the…
Abstract
Purpose
Extant literature has indicated that government support is one of the main drivers of international expansion of Chinese multinational enterprises. However, research on the influence of governors on firm internationalization is still limited. Drawing upon the institution-based view, we theorize a novel concept of institutional enablement to illustrate the influence of a governor's pro-market ideology on Chinese firms' internationalization.
Design/methodology/approach
We analyze the relationship between a governor's pro-market ideology (consisting of a pro-market political ideology, an overseas educational background and a business background) and firm internationalization with a sample of Chinese public companies during 2014–2017.
Findings
We find a direct and positive effect of a governor's pro-market ideology on firm internationalization. We also find an indirect and positive effect of a governor's pro-market ideology through regional, inward foreign direct investment.
Originality/value
To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to investigate an underexplored question of the impact of governors on firm internationalization and to develop a novel concept of institutional enablement, based on discursive institutionalism.
Details
Keywords
Haonan Shan, Kai Zhao and Yaoxu Liu
This paper aims to investigate the actual impact, mechanism and internal and external environmental adjustment effect of ESG performance on the persistence of green innovation…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the actual impact, mechanism and internal and external environmental adjustment effect of ESG performance on the persistence of green innovation using data from China’s A-share manufacturing listed companies from 2009 to 2021.
Design/methodology/approach
Panel data regression models are used to explore the effect of ESG performance of manufacturing enterprises on the persistence of green innovation. To examine the mechanism of ESG performance affecting the persistence of green innovation of manufacturing enterprises, this paper refers to the research of Wen and Ye (2014) and constructs an analysis framework of intermediary effect.
Findings
This research was funded by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, grant number ZR2023MG075 & ZR2024QE171.
Research limitations/implications
There are a few more limitations to this study that might be discussed from the following angles: first, due to data availability, this paper examines the persistence of green innovation from the output perspective. The authors can expand the data sources in the future and investigate the input-output combinations in green innovation as a means of understanding its sustainability. Second, the mechanism studied in this paper includes management costs, entry of green investors and risk-taking ability. In fact, it is possible that ESG performance influences green innovation persistence in other ways as well; these can be investigated more in the future.
Originality/value
First, it concentrates on the persistence of green innovation in manufacturing enterprises, surpassing the quantitative aspect and thereby broadening the research scope. Second, by including the “management expense ratio,” “green investor entry” and “risk-taking” as mediating factors, the study delves deeper into the mechanisms through which ESG performance impacts the persistence of green innovation in manufacturing enterprises, further broadening the research scope. Third, this research incorporates the internal and external environments encountered by manufacturing enterprises into the analytical framework to investigate their adjustment effects in the process of ESG performance influencing persistent green innovation, thus widening the research perspective. Fourth, this study introduces the subdimensions of ESG performance, specifically environmental responsibility, social responsibility and corporate governance, and assesses their impacts on the persistence of green innovation in manufacturing enterprises, thus enriching the research narrative.
Details
Keywords
Shuxin Ding, Tao Zhang, Kai Sheng, Yuanyuan Chen and Zhiming Yuan
The intelligent Central Traffic Control (CTC) system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway (HSR) system. As the core of HSR transportation command…
Abstract
Purpose
The intelligent Central Traffic Control (CTC) system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway (HSR) system. As the core of HSR transportation command, the intelligent CTC system is a new HSR dispatching command system that integrates the widely used CTC in China with the practical service requirements of intelligent dispatching. This paper aims to propose key technologies and applications for intelligent dispatching command in HSR in China.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper first briefly introduces the functions and configuration of the intelligent CTC system. Some new servers, terminals and interfaces are introduced, which are plan adjustment server/terminal, interface for automatic train operation (ATO), interface for Dynamic Monitoring System of Train Control Equipment (DMS), interface for Power Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (PSCADA), interface for Disaster Monitoring, etc.
Findings
The key technologies applied in the intelligent CTC system include automatic adjustment of train operation plans, safety control of train routes and commands, traffic information data platform, integrated simulation of traffic dispatching and ATO function. These technologies have been applied in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR, which commenced operations at the end of 2019. Implementing these key intelligent functions has improved the train dispatching command capacity, ensured the safe operation of intelligent HSR, reduced the labor intensity of dispatching operators and enhanced the intelligence level of China's dispatching system.
Originality/value
This paper provides further challenges and research directions for the intelligent dispatching command of HSR. To achieve the objectives, new measures need to be conducted, including the development of advanced technologies for intelligent dispatching command, coping with new requirements with the development of China's railway signaling system, the integration of traffic dispatching and train control and the application of AI and data-driven modeling and methods.
Details
Keywords
Linxian Ji, Chong Wang, Shouxu Wang, Kai Zhu, Wei He and Dingjun Xiao
The uniformity of electrodeposition is the key to successful application of pattern plating because the quality of electrodeposited copper layer has a huge impact on the…
Abstract
Purpose
The uniformity of electrodeposition is the key to successful application of pattern plating because the quality of electrodeposited copper layer has a huge impact on the performance of printed circuit boards (PCBs). The multi-physics coupling technology was used to accurately analyze and forecast the characteristics of electrochemical system. Further, an optimized plating bath was used to achieve a uniform electrodeposition.
Design/methodology/approach
A multi-physics coupling numerical simulation based on the finite element method was used to optimize electrodeposition conditions in pattern plating process. The influences of geometric and electrochemical factors on uniformity of current distribution and electrodeposited layer thickness were discussed by multi-physics coupling.
Findings
The model results showed that the distance between cathode and anode and the insulating shield had a great impact on uniformity of electrodeposition. By numerical simulation, it had been proved that using an auxiliary cathode was an effective and simple way to improve uniformity of electrodeposition due to redistributing of the current. This helped to achieve more uniform surface of the copper patterns by preventing the edge effect and the roughness of the copper layer was reduced to 1 per cent in the secondary current distribution model.
Research limitations/implications
The research is still in progress with the development of high-performance computers.
Practical implications
A multi-physics coupling platform is an excellent tool for quickly and cheaply studying the process behaviors under a variety of operating conditions.
Social implications
The numerical simulation method has laid the foundation for the design and improvement of the plating bath.
Originality/value
By multi-physics coupling technology, we built a bridge between theoretical and experimental study for control of uniformity of pattern plating in PCB manufacturing. This method can help optimize the design of plating bath and uniformity of pattern plating in PCB manufacturing.